"Grade retention" refers to the practice of a student repeating a grade level in school instead of advancing to the next grade.
Full definition
New evidence on the long - term effects
of grade retention in third grade finds some good news among the nuance.
It found positive impacts on reading and math tests scores as well as reductions in special education and
grade retention in each grade through the end of elementary school.
A short horizon for high school graduation is problematic if charter schools are more likely than traditional public schools to opt
for grade retention when students are struggling.
It also included changes in high school graduation requirements, in -
grade retention policies, assessment procedures, and the state accountability and related sanctions issues.
The program has boosted children's literacy, math, and science achievement through 5th grade, and
reduced grade retention and special education placements in elementary school.
Providing your child with opportunities for success can prevent the stigma of
grade retention from affecting your child.
This review of research clearly demonstrates that
early grade retention is one of the most powerful predictors of later school withdrawal.
The motivation for Mexican education reform is driven by
high grade retention, high dropout rates, and low test scores — even when compared with children from other Latin American countries.
The following case and question - and - answer discussion illustrates the current trend among court decisions
where grade retention is at issue.
It is time for 21st century educators, researchers and policymakers to abandon the argument
regarding grade retention versus social promotion.
Such in -
grade retention practices based on the premise that students need that time to catch up either academically or socially.
These populations also post higher rates
of grade retention and lower rates of high - school graduation than their majority - culture peers.
A lot of people don't realize there are tremendous economic costs, because of suspensions increase your dropout risk or risk
for grade retention.
Grade Retention - Achievement and Mental Health Outcomes (National Association of School Psychologists) 6th grade students rated
grade retention as the single most stressful life event, higher than the loss of a parent or going blind.
One benefit that redshirting might indeed confer has to do
with grade retention and special education placement.
Grade retention remains a pedagogical and policy issue for which courts accord due deference to school authorities within the bounds of federal legislation, such as the ESSA and IDEA, and state laws, such as those providing for high - stakes testing that
include grade retention consequences.
Along with colleagues Guido Schwerdt and Marcus Winters, West used administrative data to study the causal effect of
third grade retention under Florida's test - based promotion policy on student outcomes through high school.They found that retention in third grade had large positive effects on reading and math achievement in the short run.
Preliminary data show that 4 percent to 5 percent of the 500,000 students tested failed the examination, which is used to screen pupils for summer remedial programs and
possible grade retention.
New research from Harvard Graduate School of Education professor Martin West tells a nuanced and evidence - based story
about grade retention, finding that — contrary to critics» fears — repeating third grade does not reduce students» chances of completing high school.
Along with colleagues Guido Schwerdt and Marcus Winters, West used administrative data to study the causal effect of third
grade retention under Florida's test - based promotion policy on student outcomes through high school.
The regression discontinuity estimates suggest that
grade retention increases the likelihood of disciplinary incidents and suspensions in the short run, yet these effects dissipate over time.
Not only did the children who experienced an intentionally aligned pre-K-3 grade experience outperform their peers on achievement tests in third grade and seventh grade, but they also had
fewer grade retentions by age 15 and fewer special education placements by age 18.
Immaturity is one of the factors that can contribute to the overall picture of a school child who would benefit from repeating a grade, but
grade retention by itself does not encourage maturity.
Study after study has found that
grade retention doesn't work (you can find them at The Best Resources For Learning About Grade Retention, Social Promotion & Alternatives To Both), yet th...
Dr. Sandy Addis, Director of the NDPC / N and co-author of the issue brief, said of the paper, «We know from studies conducted by well - respected researchers in the field that students who have not
experienced grade retention, who have good school attendance, and who have higher course grades are likely to graduate.
The study also showed no discernible impact for either group on many of the long - term outcomes desired by policymakers, including
minimizing grade retention and dependence on public assistance and positively impacting later employment and earnings.
Given these disparities, some
view grade retention as punishing disadvantaged students who also may not have received the same quality of instruction as their more advantaged peers,» the ECS report said.
To the extent that state and local education authorities
adopt grade retention policies, well - crafted formulation and prudent implementation are keys to both legal defensibility and community acceptance.
The law provides a 1 year pause on assigning school grades, but zero relief to students who will still
face grade retention, lose electives and be denied diplomas.
The United States reported an average of more than one in 10 students repeating a grade, higher than the OECD average, while top - performing Finland and South Korea do not
allow grade retention.
We develop a new strategy to disentangle how the e ects of
grade retention vary over time and by student abilities.
Right now in my state, Iowa, schools are «preparing» for
3rd grade retention to begin following the 2016 - 17 school year.
Canada allows flexibility in terms of school starting age for the youngest in year, and parts of Florida also
utilise grade retention for children who are not ready to move on to the next level of their primary education.
This issue of the IDRA Newsletter has stories on the link between institutional grit and non-cognitive skills, institutionalized discrimination, in -
grade retention national trends and civil rights concerns, latest IDRA parent involvement toolkit focusing on Texas graduation requirements and opportunities.
Clay County priorities: The Clay County School Board's legislative priorities are to revise the third -
grade retention criteria and process, restore the board's ability to levy up to 2 mills for capital spending, and to provide enough money to put Florida in the top 25 percent of states.
«Given the focus in our state on improving educational outcomes, and with new third
grade retention requirements looming next year, this is an issue that merits focused attention,» said Anne Discher, a senior research associate with CFPC.
Of the potential confounding variables, race, maternal obesity,
academic grade retention, maternal education, poverty status, and HOME - SF cognitive stimulation score acted as joint confounders, altering the relationship between behavior problems and overweight in the multiple logistic regression model.
The early identification of risk for
grade retention among African American children at risk for school difficulty