A Black student from a comparatively prosperous family in Virginia is more likely to read at or above grade level at eighth
grade than a White student eligible for the National Lunch Program.
Not exact matches
And it's hardly racially balanced: Black
students are three times more likely to be suspended or expelled
than white students, according to the Education Department's Office for Civil Rights, and research in Texas found
students who have been suspended are more likely to be held back a
grade and drop out of school entirely.
According to the authors, minority
students, with the exception of Asian
students, fare worse on the eighth -
grade MCAS
than their
white counterparts.
Although African Americans with GPAs as high as 3.5 continue to have more friends
than those with lower
grades, the rate of increase is no longer as great as among
white students.
I can also be precise about what I mean by acting
white: a set of social interactions in which minority adolescents who get good
grades in school enjoy less social popularity
than white students who do well academically.
At some D.C. elementary schools, rather
than settling into a healthy racial and socioeconomic balance,
student populations are flipping from one extreme to the other, with fourth -
grade classes dominated by minorities and preschool classes that are mostly
white.
Studies show a familiar pattern: middle - income black and Latino
students faring worse
than their
white counterparts with respect to
grades, enrollment in advanced courses, and performance on standardized tests.
However, research shows that black
students are more likely to be categorized as «acting
white» based on their style or the music they listen to
than on getting good
grades.
However, according to Loveless, «If tracking and accelerated coursework in eighth
grade represent the beginning of a pipeline for promising young stars in mathematics or literature, that opportunity is more open to
white and Asian
students in suburban schools
than to disadvantaged youngsters in schools serving
students of color.»
The 2017 NAEP eight -
grade reading assessment shows that while 33 percent of
White students in the Milwaukee public schools can read at
grade level (proficient or above), the school system teaches less
than one - fifth of that percentage, six percent, of the Black
students in its care to read proficiently at the crucial
grade 8 level.
If black
students in the sample continue to lose ground through 9th
grade at the rate experienced in the first two years of school, they will lag behind
white students on average by a full standard deviation in raw math and reading scores and by more
than two - thirds of a standard deviation in math even after controlling for observable characteristics (the gap would be substantially smaller in reading).
A
White student from a comparatively prosperous family in Virginia is more
than four times as likely to be brought to
grade level in eighth
grade reading
than a Black
student from a lower - income family.
Twenty percent of lower income
White students in city schools read proficiently in eighth
grade, as do more
than half of urban middle class
White students.
Notice in my example that the average score of black
students lies at the same point in the
white distribution in both the 5th and the 8th
grades: around 75 percent of
white students score higher
than the average black
student in both
grades.
But only
white students and advanced learners of all races were more
than 50 percent reading - proficient in
grades 3 - 5, at 70 percent and 93 percent, respectively.
Then there is North Carolina, which expects that its districts will get only 61.7 percent of black
students in
grades three - through eight toward reading proficiency in 2012 - 2013, while expecting only 64.7 percent of Latino and 65.2 percent of American Indian and Alaska Native kids to become proficient in reading; by 2014 - 2015, far lower
than the proficiency rates for
white and Asian peers; Tar Heel State leaders expect districts bring black, Latino, and Native
students to proficiency levels of 69.3 percent, 71.7 percent, and 72.2 percent, respectively, by 2015.
On average, both Hispanic and Black
students across
grade levels are one and one half times more likely to be retained
than White students (see graph).
By 2015, when the majority of those same
students likely had reached sixth
grade, the percentage of proficient black sixth - graders had inched up 2 points while that of
white sixth - graders had increased more
than 4 points.
Twenty - one percent of Latino eighth - graders read at the highest levels on NAEP in 2015 (unchanged from 2013, but five points higher
than in 2002); 44 percent of
white eighth - graders read at Proficient and Advanced (two points lower
than in 2013, but three points higher
than levels 13 years ago); 22 percent of Native eighth -
grade students read at the highest levels (three points higher
than in 2013, and four points higher
than in 2002); and 52 percent of Asian eighth - graders read at Proficient and Advanced levels (unchanged from 2013, but 16 points higher
than levels 13 years ago).
Across all
grades taken together,
white students remain the largest group — 31 percent — but that number has fallen sharply since 1970, when more
than 90 percent of
students were
white.
In 2015, black
students had an average fourth -
grade reading score that was 33 points lower
than that for
white students, and this performance gap was not significantly different from that in 1998 (31 points).
More
than three times as many English language learner
students score below the basic level on eighth -
grade national math and reading exams as their
white, English - proficient peers.
Research has shown that minority
students attending inner - city campuses are more likely to be held back a
grade than their
white peers at more affluent neighborhood schools.
Never mind that, in Abigail Fisher's case, only five of the 47
students admitted with lower
grades and test scores
than Abigail's were minority, while 42 were
white.
For both
grade levels, there was generally a larger percentage of
White than Hispanic
students who participated in the 2009 assessments at the national level.
Arizona has a larger percentage of Hispanic
students participating in NAEP
than White students at
grade 4.
In 2009, California, the District of Columbia, New Mexico, and Texas have a larger percentage of Hispanic
students participating in NAEP
than White students at both
grades.
Findings show that, generally, girls self - report as being more engaged
than boys,
White students and Asian American
students are more engaged
than other races across all three dimensions,
students in advanced classes are more engaged, non-low-income
students report more engagement, and
students who begin and stay at their high school starting in the ninth
grade are higher across the dimensions of engagement.
At both
grades, black and Hispanic
students posted lower average scores
than white students and Asian
students.
The results showed a continued racial divide — in ninth
grade language arts, about 90 percent of
white students are in honors, compared to less
than 50 percent of black
students.
In this episode, Paula Johnson, M.A., discusses these issues and the potential civil rights red flags that are raised by data showing Hispanic and Black
students across
grade levels are one and a half times more likely to be retained
than White students.
Meanwhile, 8th
grade reading scores were even worse — with 8th graders in 2015 also performing no better overall
than in 2000, but with the gap between Black and
White students remaining unchanged in that time and the gap between
students in poverty and
students not in poverty growing from 13 points to 23 points.
Those gaps remain substantial with black
students scoring about 10 to 11 percent lower
than white students in each
grade and subject.
But by the fall of 7th
grade, African - American
students reported significantly less trust in their schools
than their
white peers.
Delaware, which serves a proportionally larger population of black
students than the nation serves as a whole, exhibits a similar pattern with respect to the
white - black achievement gap in reading — stronger early -
grades performance, but below - average overall performance by eighth graders.
When asked what approach would provide the most accurate picture of a public school
student's academic progress, respondents of every demographic — Republican, Democrat, independent, black, Hispanic,
white — selected «examples of
student work» more frequently
than written observations or
grades provided by the teacher.
Next, both fourth - and eighth -
grade black
students had less access to a home computer
than did
white students.
What do you think of Sander's argument that that affirmative action is causing black law
students to get lower
grades and pass the bar less often
than their
white peers?