Sentences with phrase «granule cells in»

Tonically active GABA - A receptors and electrical properties of cerebellar granule cells in the Ts65Dn mouse model of Down Syndrome

Investigating granule cells in the rat's brain, they found a much larger proportion of inactive than active cells.

In agreement with predictions from these models, we show that minimal changes in the shape of the environment in which rats are exploring can substantially alter correlated activity patterns among place - modulated granule cells in the dentate gyrus.

Not exact matches

The shape and chemical composition of these granules is identical to organelles found in cells called melanosomes; these being responsible for creating and storing the pigment melanin.

Instead they have found sacs containing granules of pure iron in the trophocytes of the bees» abdomens; these cells nourish the reproductive organs of the bee.

In addition to the microbes tangled together in the granules, they've found that the watery oases also house other bacteria, algae, fungi, single - celled animals called protozoans, and even tiny invertebrate animals including insect larvae, worms and various tardigradeIn addition to the microbes tangled together in the granules, they've found that the watery oases also house other bacteria, algae, fungi, single - celled animals called protozoans, and even tiny invertebrate animals including insect larvae, worms and various tardigradein the granules, they've found that the watery oases also house other bacteria, algae, fungi, single - celled animals called protozoans, and even tiny invertebrate animals including insect larvae, worms and various tardigrades.

NK cells are cytotoxic; small granules in their cytoplasm contain special proteins such as perforin and proteases known as granzymes.

But when cells undergo stress — anything from heat to starvation or infection — proteins and ribonucleic acid (RNA) molecules can clump into stress granules, which are free of enclosing membranes and often form small globs akin to hair gel suspended in a tub of water.

The scientists are now modifying the iPOLYMER system so that the hydrogels integrate RNA molecules into their structures, making them better mimics of the stress granules seen in human cells.

Overstreet - Wadiche and UAB colleagues posed a basic question: Since the number of neurons in the dentate gyrus increases by neurogenesis while the number of neurons in the cortex remains the same, does the brain create additional synapses from the cortical neurons to the new granule cells, or do some cortical neurons transfer their connections from mature granule cells to the new granule cells?

When a new granule cell neuron is made in the dentate gyrus, it needs to get «wired in,» by forming synapses, or connections, in order to contribute to circuit function.

When the researchers blocked the NuRD complex, cells in the cerebellum called granule cells failed to form connections with other nerve cells, the Purkinje neurons.

To survive, the cell sequesters in the granules» genetic material that codes for cell proteins not necessary for survival - critical processes.

We have tested this hypothesis by generating and analyzing a mouse strain that lacks the gene encoding the essential subunit of the N - methyl - d - aspartate (NMDA) receptor NR1, specifically in dentate gyrus granule cells.

In test tube studies and experiments with cells, the researchers found that the TIA1 mutation causes the protein to become more «sticky,» delaying the normal disassembly of stress granules, trapping TDP - 43.

These cells also showed early markers that are specific to developing Purkinje cells, granule cells, or deep cerebellar projection neurons — all types of neurons only found in the cerebellum.

These results provide evidence that NMDA receptors in the granule cells of the dentate gyrus play a crucial role in the process of pattern separation.

Here we identify protein kinase N1 (PKN1) as a novel key player in fine - tuning the balance between axonal outgrowth and presynaptic differentiation in the parallel fiber — forming (PF - forming) cerebellar granule cells (Cgcs).

In this context, we have studied the role of ERK7 in Drosophila S2 cells in response to serum starvation, and have shown that amino - acid starvation leads to the formation of a of novel membrane-less stress assembly, the Sec bodies, as well as stress granuleIn this context, we have studied the role of ERK7 in Drosophila S2 cells in response to serum starvation, and have shown that amino - acid starvation leads to the formation of a of novel membrane-less stress assembly, the Sec bodies, as well as stress granulein Drosophila S2 cells in response to serum starvation, and have shown that amino - acid starvation leads to the formation of a of novel membrane-less stress assembly, the Sec bodies, as well as stress granulein response to serum starvation, and have shown that amino - acid starvation leads to the formation of a of novel membrane-less stress assembly, the Sec bodies, as well as stress granules.

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Adrenal chromaffin cells exhibit impaired granule trafficking in NCAM knockout mice.

Altered patterning of dentate granule cell mossy fiber inputs onto CA3 pyramidal cells in limbic epilepsy.

Insulin - like growth factor - I blocks Bcl - 2 interacting mediator of cell death (Bim) induction and intrinsic death signaling in cerebellar granule neurons.

Eosinophil extracellular DNA trap cell death mediates lytic release of free secretion - competent eosinophil granules in humans.

Close to such depigmented RPE cells, highly pigmented macrophages identified by CD68 staining were located between Bruch's membrane and the RPE and in the subretinal space or within the choroid.The total number of lipofuscin granules was counted in the cytoplasm of RPE cells from untreated and treated monkeys.

dendritic spine density on granule cells is decreased on average by 17 % compared to in wild - type mice

in fascia dentate, spine density is significantly decreased on dendrites of granule cells; dendritic spines are significantly enlarged; dendritic width is similar to controls

Per 10 µm of RPE length, 7.2 ± 3.6 versus 0.07 ± 0.26 lipofuscin granules were found in RPE cells of untreated versus treated animals respectively (p = 9,9E - 08).

Title: Muscle satellite cells are primed for myogenesis, but maintain quiescence with sequestration of Myf5 mRNA targeted by microRNA - 31 in mRNP granules Authors: Crist CG, Montarras D, Buckingham M Date: 2012 Publication Details: Cell Stem Cell 2012 Jul 6:11 (1): 118 - 126

In previous studies using other donor cell types, significant intraretinal migration was not seen [39], [41], nor were pigment granules found in donor cells not originally derived from RPE [39In previous studies using other donor cell types, significant intraretinal migration was not seen [39], [41], nor were pigment granules found in donor cells not originally derived from RPE [39in donor cells not originally derived from RPE [39].

(B) High power image showing pigment granule - containing donor cells in the RPE - L region that are positive for human nuclear marker (arrows).

In these cells, glucose metabolism inhibits the ATP - dependent potassium channel (KATP channel) and opens voltage - dependent calcium channels (VDCCs), resulting in the exocytosis of insulin - containing granules [41In these cells, glucose metabolism inhibits the ATP - dependent potassium channel (KATP channel) and opens voltage - dependent calcium channels (VDCCs), resulting in the exocytosis of insulin - containing granules [41in the exocytosis of insulin - containing granules [41].

Each tab in the spreadsheet represents human or chimpanzee expression data from anterior cingulate cortex (ACC; layers 3, 5), primary motor cortex (M1; layers 3, 5), primary sensory cortex (S1; layers 3, 4, 5), primary visual cortex (V1; layers 3, 4a, 4b, 4c, 5), caudate nucleus (CN; gray matter), or cerebellum (CB; granule cell layer).

A beta 42 first selectively accumulates in the perikaryon of pyramidal cells as discrete, granules that appear to be cathepsin D - positive, suggesting that they may represent lysosomes or lysosome - derived structures.

We report here that in vitro generated DS neural cells have abnormal metabolism of amyloid - β (Aβ) manifested by increased secretion and accumulation of Aβ granules of Aβ42 pathological isoform with upregulated expression of the APP gene.

This RNA binding protein, upregulated upon B cell activation, post-transcriptionally regulates components of the DNA damage repair machinery, such as p53, silencing the mRNA and keeping the transcripts captive in RNA stress granules.

A key unanswered question in diabetes research is is how β - cells choose between proliferation and insulin secretory granule (ISG) production.

TIRF image showing labeled granules in a cell before and after application of 75 mM K +.

T11 / CD2 activation of cloned human natural killer cells results in increased conjugate formation and exocytosis of cytolytic granules.

Enzymes are stored in zymogen granules within the acinar cell in the presence of pancreatic secretory trypsin inhibitor (PSTI) and are released at the apical surface directly into the duct system.

Mast cells contain granules filled with substances which can be released into the bloodstream and potentially cause systemic problems, including stomach ulceration and bleeding, swelling and redness at and around the tumor site, and potentially life - threatening complications, such as a dangerous drop in blood pressure and a systemic inflammatory response leading to shock.

If mucopolysaccharidosis is the underlying problem, some neutrophil and lymphocyte cells in the blood film generally contain large numbers of small purplish granules (azurophilic granules).

Before you start arguing, try to see that black and liver (chocolate) are simply modifications of black pigment granule arrangements in the cells.

The Sun's photosphere is composed of convection cells called granules — cells of gas each approximately 1000 kilometers in diameter with hot rising gas in the center and cooler gas falling in the narrow spaces between them.