Not exact matches
Bruce Kane at the University of Maryland
in College Park sprayed charged
graphene flakes a micron wide into a vacuum chamber.
But recently, scientists have discovered that radioactive materials
in water can clump onto
flakes of
graphene oxide (GO).
Researchers discovered
graphene, or one - atom - thick sheets of carbon, by mechanically peeling progressively finer layers from raw
flakes of graphite, the same stuff found
in pencil lead (See: «Carbon Wonderland,» by Andre K. Geim and Philip Kim,
in the April issue of Scientific American).
However, they only had tiny
graphene flakes with diameters
in the microns available to them, so that edge effects predominated.
Using metal ions with three or more positive charges, researchers
in Tian's laboratory bonded
graphene - oxide
flakes into a transparent membrane.
Physicist Philip Kim of Columbia University began trying to
flake off
graphene layers
in 2002 by dragging a tiny graphite rod with an atomic force microscope, which is like an exquisitely sensitive phonograph needle.
It is based on a tiny
flake of
graphene, a material from which a veritable research boom has arisen since its discovery and for which the Nobel Prize was awarded
in 2010.
Stein and Amadei applied both techniques to solutions of
graphene oxide
flakes and observed similar effects: The bubbles that were created
in solution eventually collapsed, releasing energy that caused the
flakes to spontaneously curl into scrolls.
They then placed the
graphene oxide
flakes in solution and stimulated the
flakes to curl into scrolls, using two similar approaches: a low - frequency tip - sonicator, and a high - frequency custom reactor.
Graphite Energy Corp. seems to be a relatively new player
in the «rush» to mine graphite
flakes for use
in graphene - based applications.
«Compared to those small molecules used
in current hair dyes,
graphene flakes are humongous,» said Huang, who is a member of Northwestern's International Institute of Nanotechnology.
In this case, the ink is
flakes of
graphene - the wonder material can be a great conductor of electricity and heat, plus it's strong, stable and biocompatible.
Thomas Swan's commercial manager, Andy Goodwin, mentions flexible, low - cost electronic displays;
graphene flakes have also been suggested for use
in desalination plants and even condoms.
The result, the team reports: a large number of micrometre - sized
flakes of
graphene, suspended
in the water.