Gravity measurements refer to the process of studying and analyzing the force of gravity in a particular area or region. It involves collecting data and using instruments to measure and understand the strength and variations of gravity. This can help scientists understand the composition of the Earth, locate underground resources like oil or minerals, and study the dynamics of oceans and tides.
Full definition
High - resolution
gravity measurements show changes over relatively small distances that could reflect small - scale convection.
Figure 2 shows
gravity measurements of land ice mass changes in Antarctica for the period April 2002 to February 2009 (Velicogna 2009).
J. L. Chen, C. R. Wilson, and B. D. Tapley, «Satellite
Gravity Measurements Confirm Accelerated Melting of Greenland Ice Sheet,» Science, vol.
«The
first gravity measurements suggest the possibility of deep winds, reaching thousands of kilometers into the planet, and / or a central core which is larger and less distinct than expected.»
During the flyby, instruments onboard Cassini will
make gravity measurements that will help scientists better understand the moon's internal structure, which they can then compare to the inner structures of Saturn's other moons.
Rignot et al have updated results, including those from the
GRACE gravity measurement satellite, to the end of 2010 and show that the downward trend in ice mass is continuing (stronger in Greenland than in Antarctica).
The authors point out that Cassini's
gravity measurements suggest Enceladus» rocky core is quite porous, which would allow water from the ocean to percolate into the interior.
With that in mind, a team from the University of Edinburgh, UK, and SRON Netherlands Institute for Space Research, has
used gravity measurements from satellites and temperature data to find out more.
Millan, a UCI graduate student researcher in Earth system science, and his colleagues analyzed 20 major outlet glaciers in southeast Greenland using high - resolution
airborne gravity measurements and ice thickness data from NASA's Operation IceBridge mission; bathymetry information from NASA's Oceans Melting Greenland project; and results from the BedMachine version 3 computer model, developed at UCI.
Now, using
gravity measurements collected by Cassini, scientists have confirmed that Enceladus does in fact harbor a large subsurface ocean near its south pole, beneath those tiger stripes.
«Tomography is the most powerful method to get this information, but in the future it will be combined with very
sensitive gravity measurements from satellites and maybe electromagnetic sounding, where people do conductivity measurements of the interior,» she said.
Another study using data from Juno's
gravity measurements reveals that Jupiter's counterrotating stripes are a two - dimensional representation of a vast three - dimensional jet stream structure deep inside the planet, and these jets are deeply embedded within the planet's powerful gravitational field.
Like many others, I am watching with great interest and, I hope, an open mind, as the heat storage estimates from ARGO and the constraints imposed on steric sea level rise by the combination of altimeter and
gravity measurements slowly emerge.
Imke de Pater, a planetary scientist at the University of California, Berkeley who was not involved in the studies, says the
new gravity measurements should allow scientists to get a better handle on the structure of the planet's core.
«Now, following the
Juno gravity measurements, we know how deep these extend and what is their structure beneath the cloud - level.
In fact, when the
first gravity measurements were made in India, people were struck by the fact that Mount Everest did not seem to produce much of an effect.
The East Antarctic Ice Sheet, long seen as the stable side of Antarctica's vast lode of ice, appears to have been losing mass, particularly in coastal regions, over the past three years, according to a new analysis
using gravity measurements.
«People used to think that maybe Saturn was just a slightly smaller version of Jupiter, but it's evident that that's not the case,» says planetary scientist Paul Schenk of the Lunar and Planetary Institute in Houston, who was not involved in
the gravity measurements.
«
Gravity measurements confirm subsurface ocean on Saturn's moon Enceladus.»
Maria Zuber Professor of Geophysics and Planetary Science, MIT Using laser ranging,
gravity measurements, and data from spacecraft, Zuber maps surface features and probes the interior of Mars, Venus, Jupiter's moons, and our own moon.
The seismographs left on the moon's surface by the Apollo astronauts and
the gravity measurements of the 1998 Lunar Prospector probe have provided enough data to explain why there are many more craters on the moon's far side than on the near side.
And then there's the uncertain future of
gravity measurements.
The project is primarily focused on collecting GPS and seismic data from autonomous systems, but also includes geophysical observations such as magnetics, tide gauge, and
gravity measurements.
Juno had also already shown that the planet's equatorial belts extend much farther down into the atmosphere than thought, and new
gravity measurements have also now shown a north - south asymmetry.
Cazenave 2009 uses satellite
gravity measurements to create two independent estimates of ocean heat - both find warming.
Comparing Jupiter interior structure models to Juno
gravity measurements and the role of an expanded core.
In the field of
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There were reports that the sheet was not thinning from satellite altimetry, but then
the gravity measurements showed that there was mass loss.
314 (24 November 2006), pp. 1286 - 89; «
Gravity Measurements Confirm Greenland's Glaciers Precipitous Meltdown,» Scientific American, 19 October 2006.
Accelerated Antarctic ice loss from satellite
gravity measurements.
Concern is raised by recent inferences from
gravity measurements that the WAIS is losing mass (39), and observations that glaciers draining into the Amundsen Sea are losing 60 % more ice than they are gaining and hence contributing to sea - level rise (40).