If natural variability is a sort of sine wave effect, and just moves the energy around, why did La Nina have
a greater cooling effect in the recent period after 1990 than El Nino had a warming effect previous to that?
For example, the accumulated effect of volcanic eruptions during the past decade, including the Icelandic volcano with the impossible name, Eyjafjallajökull, may have had
a greater cooling effect on the earth's surface than has been accounted for in most climate model simulations.
It looks like the CH4 has an even
greater cooling effect than the CO2 or am I not looking at this right?
They found that green walls and roofs would cool the local climate around a building in all of the cities — and the hotter the climate,
the greater the cooling effect.
This does not fit your observation that alcohol has
a greater cooling effect than water, however.
Water vapour has a far
great cooling effect, because it reduces the thermal gradient, and so the thermal plot intercepts the surface at a temperature which is about 30 % lower than would be the case with a dry atmosphere.
Not exact matches
Large fans, possibly with misting devices attached, and air conditioning are
great tools to keep you
cool but nothing beats the chilling
effect of the perfect summer drink recipe.
It has a
cooling effect on the body and contains 90 % water so it keeps your body hydrated making it a
great addition to the summer heat.
During this event, the aerosols stayed close to the surface due to the presence of a anticyclone hovering over the study region at sea - level, «reducing the amount of shortwave irradiance reaching the surface and causing
greater radiative
cooling,» states Obregón, who likens the
effects of desert dust with those resulting from certain forest fires or episodes of high pollution.
Another feature of the «Pinatubo
effect» that mirrors the predictions of the models is the
greater cooling of the interiors of continental landmasses compared with other regions of the globe.
The UK Met Office predict the
cooling effect of La Niña will be slightly
greater in 2008 than it was during 2007.
Sulfate aerosols have a
cooling effect on the climate, which has led some researchers to suggest that continued reductions will lead to
greater global temperature increases in coming decades.
After using a facemask, a sea salt spray or 1 teaspoon of apple cider vinegar diluted in 1 cup of
cool water work as
great toners to lock in the
effects.
Raspberry has a wonderful
cooling effect on the body and is
great to enjoy iced on a hot day.
Because of its higher menthol content, Peppermint has a
cooling effect which can help when you are feeling under the weather and is also
great for discomfort.
The Pore Scrub actually has a
cooling effect and is so
great in the morning.
I felt so refreshed after it and the
cooling effect was
great.
We tend to think of gray with
cool colors and brown with warm colors but when you switch it up, it can be a really
great effect.
Hey dear, glad you like it:) It's really a
great cream and with the weather getting hotter here in Germany the
cooling effect is more than fabulous:D xo
The Stretch Knit Black Mesh Fabric upper offers a
cooling effect for your feet and the memory foam heel cup is
great at giving a
I give them credit for actually realizing the best possible creation which do could never be more the a
great Act I, few good one liners,
cool special
effects in the conflict resolution in Act III.
The game also has
great sound design, the weapons and magical powers have
cool sound
effects when you use them.
The creature designs are
cool, and the visual
effects look
great.
I wasn't expecting a
great movie, i walked in expecting to hate it, but if you are capable of turning your brain off to enjoy the ride this movie is fun, dialogue and plot are pretty dumb (Again, turn your brain off, otherwise you'll feel insulted) This is more like another Transformers movie, no real plot, just special
effects and
cool action scenes.
Now before is get a ton of hateful comments and death threats, let me say that The Desolation of Smaug is still a gorgeous movie to watch that's filled with fantastic digital
effects,
cool make - up and costumes, and
great acting performances.
Great action as always,
cool effects, an excellent sci - fi homage to a franchise we love; Star Trek Beyond delivers, let's see what this team does next.
Great photography indeed and that cloud
effect is too
cool!!
I remember the power - ups were really
cool and it had some
great sound
effects (digitized, if I remember correctly).
+ Awesome new hero +
Great new legendary items and weapons + The new pet doesn't
effect gameplay but it's
cool nonetheless + The two new areas are much needed and very welcome
Anyways, graphics are
great, love the battle mode,
cool special
effects, awesome sound.
Music The voice acting is
great, and the sound
effects are pretty
cool, but the music is where the game sort of falls flat.
Far Cry 2 (Dylan's Far Cry 2 Realism Mod) Ubisoft's first Far Cry game was a
great title in many ways, delivering a gritty African setting and those
cool fire
effects.
It's got
cool character designs, definitely
cool maze layouts with some very nice details such as background animations, flame
effects, and it always seems like there is something moving on the screen which again is a
great little addition as it really gives the whole game a sense of life.
Either way, it's a very
cool thing to have in a Mario game, and a
great minor tribute to someone who's made as much of an
effect on the world of music as Lemmy did.
Hey Steve,
great video (I'll be blogging about it later today) but I just wanted to ask what tool you used to do the
cool chromakey
effect, it wasn't Windows Movie Maker was it?
Particle Pollution's
Cooling Effect... Plus Death Interestingly, this particle pollution has the opposite effect on the climate as does the ship's carbon emissions: The particles have a cooling effect that is at least five times greater than the warming effect of the CO2 emi
Cooling Effect... Plus Death Interestingly, this particle pollution has the opposite effect on the climate as does the ship's carbon emissions: The particles have a cooling effect that is at least five times greater than the warming effect of the CO2 emis
Effect... Plus Death Interestingly, this particle pollution has the opposite
effect on the climate as does the ship's carbon emissions: The particles have a cooling effect that is at least five times greater than the warming effect of the CO2 emis
effect on the climate as does the ship's carbon emissions: The particles have a
cooling effect that is at least five times greater than the warming effect of the CO2 emi
cooling effect that is at least five times greater than the warming effect of the CO2 emis
effect that is at least five times
greater than the warming
effect of the CO2 emis
effect of the CO2 emissions.
Cox seems to be straightforward in saying that reduced aerosol
effects (
cooling) will result in
greater warming (from GHGs) and that the
cooling effect now is stronger than normally supposed.
Global climate models have successfully predicted the rise in temperature as greenhouse gases increased, the
cooling of the stratosphere as the troposphere warmed, polar amplification due the ice - albedo
effect and other
effects,
greater increase in nighttime than in daytime temperatures, and the magnitude and duration of the
cooling from the eruption of Mount Pinatubo.
There's also a
cool animation about how the greenhouse
effect works, which is
great for a refresher course, or showing someone who doesn't quite understand how it all works.
The reduction in CO2 -
cooling (of a layer between TOA and some other level) assumes the increased downward emission at the base of the layer from the non-CO2 absorber within the layer is
greater than the decreased OLR at TOA, which is the absorption of radiation from below the layer minus the emission from the layer reaching TOA (refering to the «baseline
effects» that would remain if the preexisting CO2 were removed).
The
effect where, adding a «new» absorption band and increasing the absorption, there may initially be warming of the colder layers, etc, followed by a stage of upper level or near - TOA
cooling — this includes the warming from absorption from increased radiation from the surface + troposphere — which will be
greater when more of the spectrum, especially near wavelengths where the emitted spectral flux change is
greatest, has a
greater amount of absorption.
Warming must occur below the tropopause to increase the net LW flux out of the tropopause to balance the tropopause - level forcing; there is some feedback at that point as the stratosphere is «forced» by the fraction of that increase which it absorbs, and a fraction of that is transfered back to the tropopause level — for an optically thick stratosphere that could be significant, but I think it may be minor for the Earth as it is (while CO2 optical thickness of the stratosphere alone is large near the center of the band, most of the wavelengths in which the stratosphere is not transparent have a more moderate optical thickness on the order of 1 (mainly from stratospheric water vapor; stratospheric ozone makes a contribution over a narrow wavelength band, reaching somewhat larger optical thickness than stratospheric water vapor)(in the limit of an optically thin stratosphere at most wavelengths where the stratosphere is not transparent, changes in the net flux out of the stratosphere caused by stratospheric warming or
cooling will tend to be evenly split between upward at TOA and downward at the tropopause; with
greater optically thickness over a larger fraction of optically - significant wavelengths, the distribution of warming or
cooling within the stratosphere will affect how such a change is distributed, and it would even be possible for stratospheric adjustment to have opposite
effects on the downward flux at the tropopause and the upward flux at TOA).
As more optical thickness is added to a «new» band, it will gain
greater control over the temperature profile, but eventually, the equilibrium for that band will shift towards a cold enough upper atmosphere and warm enough lower atmosphere and surface, such that farther increases will
cool the upper atmosphere or just that portion near TOA while warming the lower atmosphere and surface — until the optical thickness is so large (relative to other bands) that the band loses influence (except at TOA) and has little farther
effect (except at TOA).
Multi-signal detection and attribution analyses, which quantify the contributions of different natural and anthropogenic forcings to observed changes, show that greenhouse gas forcing alone during the past half century would likely have resulted in
greater than the observed warming if there had not been an offsetting
cooling effect from aerosol and other forcings.
The contribution of greenhouse gases is
greater than the observed warming, while the total anthropogenic contribution is thought to be around 0.7 °C because of the
cooling effect of aerosols.
These models have correctly predicted
effects subsequently confirmed by observation, including
greater warming in the Arctic and over land,
greater warming at night, and stratospheric
cooling.
EVERY revision of NASA data has had the
effect of producing
greater warming in the present and
greater cooling of the past (increasing temperature trends where the raw data have none).
El Niño and La Niña years were classifed as those with MEI values of
greater than 0.5 and less than -0.5, respectively (which correspond to warming or
cooling effects of ~ 0.04 °C or more on the annual global surface temperature anomaly, according to Foster & Rahmstorf).
«If [the increase in emissions] were to continue, they would eventually have a
greater warming
effect than the
cooling effect from the geoengineering.
The top 3 superpowers (USA, China, and Russia) have the largest militaries, and thus the
greatest ability to
effect the climate with their ongoing chemical ice nucleation
cool - down operations.