Sentences with phrase «greater than the air temperature»

The daytime glacier surface temperature typically has to be greater than the air temperature in order to close the energy budget; in consequence, melting can occur even when the air temperature remains below freezing.

Then the atmospheric temperature starts dropping and, because the thermal capacity of the water is much greater than that of the air, we soon reach the point where the water temperature is greater than the air temperature, even if it was colder to start with.

Not exact matches

The intense buildup of freezing spray requires winds of at least 15 mph, below - freezing air temperature and water temperature lower than 40 degrees Fahrenheit, says Jordan Gerth, a University of Wisconsin - Madison meteorologist and expert on Great Lakes weather phenomena.

Previous work by Hook using satellite data indicated that many lake temperatures were warming faster than air temperature and that the greatest warming was observed at high latitudes, as seen in other climate warming studies.

For a subset of 14 relatively clear (cloudy) stations, the mean temperature drop was 0.91 ± 0.78 (0.31 ± 0.40) degrees C, but the mean temperature drops for relatively calm and windy stations were almost identical, indicating that cloud cover has a much greater effect than wind on the air temperature's response to an eclipse.

People living in these regions, and in California's Central Valley, have a 25 to 30 percent greater annual risk of dying from respiratory diseases like pneumonia and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease than do residents who enjoy cleaner air in places like San Francisco and Seattle, where fog, rain and cooler temperatures keep ozone levels in check.

However, for the globe as a whole, surface air temperatures over land have risen at about double the ocean rate after 1979 (more than 0.27 °C per decade vs. 0.13 °C per decade), with the greatest warming during winter (December to February) and spring (March to May) in the Northern Hemisphere.

Temperatures at the core - mantle boundary hover around 4,000 Kelvin (6,740 degrees F, or 3,727 degrees C), and the pressure is nearly 140 gigapascals — 1.4 million times greater than standard air pressure at sea level.

Seeing this as a baseline, positive CO2 feedback from temperature changes, or a running out of capacity for greater uptake from CO2 accumulation, would be seen as adding more CO2 to the air in addition to anthropogenic releases, but it would have to surpass some level before it would result in a total atmospheric accumulation of CO2 greater than anthropogenic emissions (first, as a rate, and later, cummulative change).

Surface air with enough energy to generate a hurricane only exists over oceans with a temperature greater than 26.5 ° Celsius (80 ° F).

At low altitude and high temperatures (greater than 30 °C or 86 °F), over the ocean, it can reach 4.3 % or more of the atmosphere and is less dense than dry air, causing it to rise.

For example, the rate of warming of surface air temperature observed during the past 20 years is much greater than that observed during the previous 20 - year interval, 1960 — 79, and is not necessarily indicative of the rate of temperature change that will be observed during the future interval 2000 — 2019.

Therefore, I find it hard to see how a * living * upper treeline of very old trees can measure any temperature changes over their age greater than 1.2 C (ok, make it 1.5 C at most with unsaturated air).

Measurement of CO2 concentration is always problematic; the «Standard Dry Air» SDA basis of measurement and comparison is at standard temperature and pressure which is a non-existent parameter; and as we are seeing, CO2 is not a well - mixed gas at all and will be defined by, amongst other variables, SH, or absolute humidity; SH can vary from 0 to 5 % by volume of atmosphere; as the SH increases, the absolute amount of other gases, including CO2, decreases; to say therefore that atmospheric concentrations of CO2 have remained stable and not been above 280ppm over the last 650my is fanciful; even if you assume past CO2 levels have not got above 280ppm the range of variation within that limit has been greater than the current increase;

According to models, marine air temperature trends should be greater than SST trends, but the opposite is the case.

Surface temperatures can show short - term cooling when heat is exchanged between the atmosphere and the ocean, which has a much greater heat capacity than the air.

One of the main reasons for this is that the rate at which temperatures cool with increasing altitude (known as the lapse rate) is greater in dry air than it is in moist air.

Volcanic aerosols scatter as well as reflect, impact cloud water droplet size and have a stronger impact in day than night and greater impact in the northern hemisphere than the southern hemisphere on surface air temperatures.

back to the horizontal gradient, if the upper tropospheric thermal wind shear increase is greater than the decrease of the lower layer, then maybe the overall baroclinic instability would be stronger — but currently the upper level eddy circulations do not transport much heat poleward, so would the structure of cyclones change so that a deeper layer of air is involved in the thermal advection, compensating for a weaker temperature gradient?

If there is an ice - free climate that consistently produces a temperature at the pole that is greater than freezing, then putting an ice cube at the pole, even if the ice reflects all solar radiation, will not be stable, since the warm air will simply diffuse in from the sides.

But, it can warm the air close to the ground, if the air is cooler, and does do that if that very energy just bounces around locally in the air maintaining equilibrium and equipartition, and this is what normally happens (really it is thermalization and re-emission from the GHGs), in your room, on your patio, in a field, on the ocean, its just it can never raise the temperature greater than the local surface itself is.

The main claim in REA16 is that, in models, surface air - temperature warming over 1861 - 2009 is 24 % greater than would be recorded by HadCRUT4 because it preferentially samples slower - warming regions and water warms less than air.

The benefits of green homes include: • Lower operational costs than conventional homes due to greater energy and water efficiency, which can result in lower utility bills; • High quality construction, since green label requirements for building materials and techniques often go beyond standard building codes; • More comfortable and stable indoor temperatures; • Healthier indoor air quality; and • Other features that reduce environmental impact such as proximity to parks, shops and transit.