Enhanced cortisol increase upon awakening is associated with
greater pain ratings but not salivary cortisol or soluble
tumor necrosis factor - α receptor II responses to acute pain.
Researchers followed a subset of 1,139 subjects and found that those with the
greatest increases in urinary polyphenols had significantly lower levels of five different biomarkers of inflammation, such as adhesion molecules, interleukin,
tumor necrosis factor alpha, and monocyte chemotactic protein.