The Salk team therefore took human brain organoids that had been
growing in lab dishes for 31 to 50 days and implanted them into mouse brains (more than 200 so far) from which they had removed a tiny bit of tissue to make room.
Bits of kidney, liver, brain and intestine have previously been
grown in a lab dish using this technique.
In experiments in human cells
grown in a lab dish, the researchers showed that they could accurately label mRNA molecules and determine how frequently they are being translated.
So far, researchers have mostly turned on genes with CRISPRa in cells
growing in lab dishes, says Charles Gersbach, a biomedical engineer at Duke University not involved in the new study.
Already, researchers have used CRISPR / Cas9 to edit genes in human cells
grown in lab dishes, monkeys (SN: 3/8/14, p. 7), dogs (SN: 11/28/15, p. 16), mice and pigs (SN: 11/14/15, p. 6), yeast, fruit flies, the worm Caenorhabditis elegans, zebrafish, tobacco and rice.
Mouse brain nerve cells (green) making a disease - causing version of the tau protein were
grown in lab dishes with supporting brain cells called glia.
Researchers took cells from leaves of the most productive trees and
grew them in a lab dish to produce cloned seedlings.
And because CRISPR works so well in cells
growing in a lab dish, some tests can forgo using animals altogether.
However, most of these efforts failed, even though the antibody - IL - 2 combination usually works very well against cancer cells
grown in a lab dish.
A key difference, however, is that Dolly's donor cell came from adult udder cells
growing in lab dishes (see ScienceNOW, 24 February), while the donor cells used to create the monkey clones came from early embryos.
But when physiologist H. Lee Sweeney of the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine in Philadelphia and his colleagues put this faulty gene into embryonic quail muscle cells
growing in lab dishes, the cells made a shortened version of the protein and incorporated it into their contractile machinery.
Researchers have previously demonstrated that yeast, fruit fly cells and some types of human cells
grown in lab dishes divvy up proteins unequally.
While testing that idea, the researchers noticed something peculiar about cancerous cells that had been removed from leukemia patients and were
growing in lab dishes.
But making chimeras with human organs whose development can be studied is more likely to succeed than the technique researchers have been trying for years: coaxing stem cells
growing in lab dishes to become three - dimensional, functional tissues and organs.
For example, researchers have demonstrated that the method can be used to treat muscular dystrophy and glaucoma in mice, render human cells
grown in lab dishes resistant to HIV, and help create food crops and livestock with desirable traits.
Not exact matches
To
grow these microorganism cultures
in the
lab, researchers house samples
in petri
dishes lined with a nourishing gel mixture derived from algae called agar growth media.
Xu and colleagues
grew S. gallolyticus
in lab dishes with several different types of human cells.
According to his unpublished findings, when he puts glioblastoma cells from patients into
lab dishes with brain organoids, the cells attach to the surface of the organoids, burrow into them, and within 24 to 48 hours
grow into a mass that eventually «looks exactly like what happened
in the patient's own brain,» Fine said.
In another experiment, in lab - dish conditions, the researchers colonized roots of sterile - grown normal Arabidopsis plants with a set of 35 bacterial species isolated from roots of plants grown previously in the same native soi
In another experiment,
in lab - dish conditions, the researchers colonized roots of sterile - grown normal Arabidopsis plants with a set of 35 bacterial species isolated from roots of plants grown previously in the same native soi
in lab -
dish conditions, the researchers colonized roots of sterile -
grown normal Arabidopsis plants with a set of 35 bacterial species isolated from roots of plants
grown previously
in the same native soi
in the same native soil.
Researchers realized that they could cut open the top of the trunks of their highest - yielding trees, extract stem cells and
grow up clones by the thousands
in lab dishes.
The researchers isolated tumor cells from patients and
grew them to reproduce small tumors
in the
lab dish.
The plants
grow around the
lab in soil - filled flowerpots, on solid substrate
in petri
dishes, and on pieces of paper immersed
in nutritional broth inside test tubes on racks.
To precisely map how glucose and lactate move around
in the eye, Hurley and colleagues
grew human RPE
in a
lab dish and studied its biochemistry along with that of isolated mouse retinas.
The researchers then extracted stem cells from the embryos and
grew the cells
in dishes in the
lab.
In lab dishes with the bacterium and the fungus, P. putida
grew six times as dense as did a mutant strain of the bacterium that couldn't swim.
Once they knew that AXL was present
in the right locations to cause the damage that had been observed
in babies, two other
lab members, Elizabeth Di Lullo, PhD, and Marina Bershteyn, PhD, looked to see if the «mini-brains» — cerebral organoids that scientists
grow in a
dish to study neurological diseases — were also programmed to express AXL and found that they were.
Understanding this process enables Canals»
lab to
grow a huge number of neurons
in dishes in the
lab - useful both for basic research and also as a source of healthy cells for experimenting with cell transplantation.
Now biologists have used stem cells from these patients, who have a devastating disorder called Timothy syndrome, to
grow their brains a second time —
in miniature,
in a
lab dish.
They
grew pancreatic cancer cells
in lab dishes and fed them both glucose and fructose.
The bacteria that causes syphilis, Treponema pallidum, is difficult to study
in the
lab, as it can't be
grown in a test tube or Petri
dish.