Not exact matches
Previously, same - store sales
growth represented the estimated percentage
change in sales of all restaurants in the Company system that have been open for one
year or more, and the base stores
changed on a rolling basis
from month
to month.
He adds that even if technology is having a long - term negative impact on GDP
growth, the
change from quarter
to quarter or even
year to year is probably negligible.
These risks and uncertainties include: Gilead's ability
to achieve its anticipated full
year 2018 financial results; Gilead's ability
to sustain
growth in revenues for its antiviral and other programs; the risk that private and public payers may be reluctant
to provide, or continue
to provide, coverage or reimbursement for new products, including Vosevi, Yescarta, Epclusa, Harvoni, Genvoya, Odefsey, Descovy, Biktarvy and Vemlidy ®; austerity measures in European countries that may increase the amount of discount required on Gilead's products; an increase in discounts, chargebacks and rebates due
to ongoing contracts and future negotiations with commercial and government payers; a larger than anticipated shift in payer mix
to more highly discounted payer segments and geographic regions and decreases in treatment duration; availability of funding for state AIDS Drug Assistance Programs (ADAPs); continued fluctuations in ADAP purchases driven by federal and state grant cycles which may not mirror patient demand and may cause fluctuations in Gilead's earnings; market share and price erosion caused by the introduction of generic versions of Viread and Truvada, an uncertain global macroeconomic environment; and potential amendments
to the Affordable Care Act or other government action that could have the effect of lowering prices or reducing the number of insured patients; the possibility of unfavorable results
from clinical trials involving investigational compounds; Gilead's ability
to initiate clinical trials in its currently anticipated timeframes; the levels of inventory held by wholesalers and retailers which may cause fluctuations in Gilead's earnings; Kite's ability
to develop and commercialize cell therapies utilizing the zinc finger nuclease technology platform and realize the benefits of the Sangamo partnership; Gilead's ability
to submit new drug applications for new product candidates in the timelines currently anticipated; Gilead's ability
to receive regulatory approvals in a timely manner or at all, for new and current products, including Biktarvy; Gilead's ability
to successfully commercialize its products, including Biktarvy; the risk that physicians and patients may not see advantages of these products over other therapies and may therefore be reluctant
to prescribe the products; Gilead's ability
to successfully develop its hematology / oncology and inflammation / respiratory programs; safety and efficacy data
from clinical studies may not warrant further development of Gilead's product candidates, including GS - 9620 and Yescarta in combination with Pfizer's utomilumab; Gilead's ability
to pay dividends or complete its share repurchase program due
to changes in its stock price, corporate or other market conditions; fluctuations in the foreign exchange rate of the U.S. dollar that may cause an unfavorable foreign currency exchange impact on Gilead's future revenues and pre-tax earnings; and other risks identified
from time
to time in Gilead's reports filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the SEC).
«That's a key
change from the past seven
years, when weakness in at least one major region offset strength elsewhere and created fragility that made the global economy more sensitive
to shifts in
growth at the margins.»
Forward - looking statements may include, among others, statements concerning our projected adjusted income (loss)
from operations outlook for 2018, on both a consolidated and segment basis; projected total revenue
growth and global medical customer
growth, each over
year end 2017; projected
growth beyond 2018; projected medical care and operating expense ratios and medical cost trends; our projected consolidated adjusted tax rate; future financial or operating performance, including our ability
to deliver personalized and innovative solutions for our customers and clients; future
growth, business strategy, strategic or operational initiatives; economic, regulatory or competitive environments, particularly with respect
to the pace and extent of
change in these areas; financing or capital deployment plans and amounts available for future deployment; our prospects for
growth in the coming
years; the proposed merger (the «Merger») with Express Scripts Holding Company («Express Scripts») and other statements regarding Cigna's future beliefs, expectations, plans, intentions, financial condition or performance.
We caution you that these statements are not guarantees of future performance and are subject
to numerous risks and uncertainties, including volatility in the economy and the credit markets, supply and demand
changes for vacation ownership and residential products, competitive conditions; the availability of capital
to finance
growth, and other matters referred
to under the heading «Risk Factors» contained in our Annual Report on 10 - K for the
year ended December 30, 2011 filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the «SEC») and in subsequent SEC filings, any of which could cause actual results
to differ materially
from those expressed in or implied in this presentation.
That's equivalent
to a
change in the GDP
growth rate
from 2.5 percent percent
to 2.44 percent per
year.
We caution you that these statements are not guarantees of future performance and are subject
to numerous risks and uncertainties, including volatility in the economy and the credit markets, supply and demand
changes for vacation ownership and residential products, competitive conditions; the availability of capital
to finance
growth, and other matters referred
to under the heading «Risk Factors» contained in the Information Statement filed as an exhibit
to our Annual Report on Form 10 - K for the
year ended December 30, 2011 filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the «SEC») and in subsequent SEC filings, any of which could cause actual results
to differ materially
from those expressed in or implied in this presentation.
In a
year with rising volatility and slow loan
growth, valuations for large banks are back
to 52 - week high but with virtually no
change in the outlook for earnings save
from changes in corporate taxes.
Although revenue fell around 8 percent
from a
year earlier
to $ 2.8 billion, Publicis saw organic
growth of 1.6 percent (attributed
to change excluding the impact of acquisitions and foreign exchange) for the first quarter of 2018 — attributing that in part
to accounts gained in 2017, including Lionsgate, Southwest Airlines and McDonald's.
(1) employment
growth, sourced
from the Bureau of Labor Statistics Economic Summaries in August 2016, with the percentage representing the employment
change from June 2015
to June 2016 in each city; (2) population
growth, based on and sourced
from the 2014 and 2015 Census, with the percentage representing the
change in population
from 2014
to 2015; (3) increase in home values, based on Zillow Home Value, with the percentage representing the
change in median home values for single - family homes
from June 2015
to June 2016, sourced August 2016; (4)
years to pay off property, which was based using the median home value for July 2016 and the median rent for a single - family residence for July 2016, both sourced
from Zillow; median rent was multiplied by 12
to obtain yearly rent and then home value was divided by yearly rent
to determine how many
years it would take for the home
to be paid off
from rental income using current home values and rent prices for each city.
Tim i found it liberating
to just do what the Lord wants you
to do i work within his boundarys and yes i attend church and enjoy it.I love the people and i love hearing the word and worshipping the Lord even if others are still bound up with traditions thats not my walk thats theres.My focus is
to do what the Lord wants me
to do.There have been times i have said no
to the pastor he does nt understand why i choose not
to lead the worship.i query him as well regarding the idea that its not just performing a function because there is a need our hearts have
to be in the right place so that the Lord can use us but he did nt understand where i was coming
from and thats okay because of that i just said no until my heart is right i am better not being involved in leading.But i am happy
to be an encouragement
to others in the worship team i havent wanted
to be the leader i have done that in the past.So my focus has been just the singing and being part of different worship teams i think the Lord has other plans as the groups i am in seem
to be
changing at the same time i am aware that i do nt
to worry about
change as the Lord knows whats best.I used
to be quite comfortable leading the music but that was before when i was operating in my own self confidence and pride.The Lord did such a huge
change in my life that i lost my self confidence and that is not a bad thing at all as my spiritual
growth has been incredible.The big
change was my identity moved
from me and what i could do
to knowing who i was in Christ and that he is my strength and confidence.Now i know that without him i can do nothing in fact i am dependent on his empowerment through his holy spirit all the time in everything.In the weekend i was asked
to lead the music at another church i attend multiple churchs although i attend two regularly one has services in the morning and one has services in the evening so the two do nt really clash.In the weekend i was asked
to lead the music its been two
years since i did that and i was worried on how i would go.All i can say is that it went really well and because i stepped out in Faith the Lord really blessed the morning
to the congregation.The difference is knowing that i serve the Lord with the gifts he has given me but my heart has
to be right and when i do it in his way it builds up the body and it brings glory
to him.May the Lord continue
to show you what he wants you
to do even though others may not understand your reasons i just want you
to know that you do nt have
to pull away completely just work within the boundarys that the Lord gives you and do nt feel pressured by others expectations
to do anything that feel uncomfortable.Be involved just as you feel lead by the holy spirit even if it is in a very minor way take small steps.regards brentnz
He emphasized the active, integrating self (rather than the frail, victimized ego); held
to a «soft» (rather than a «hard») determinism; had a strong interest in future, goal - directed strivings (rather than origins); emphasized the organism as a whole centered in the self (rather than a conflict view of personality); regarded the striving for worth and power (rather than sexual striving) as the central dynamic in mental health and illness; emphasized the possibilities for continuing
change in the later
years (rather than regarding the early
years as utterly decisive)(2) It is clear
from these motifs in Adler's thought that his vision of human beings was positive and
growth - centered.
To love included not only the vagaries of circumstances — annoyance, anger, pleasure, laughter — but the growth from a childhood emotion, through all the changing years of becoming womanhood, to that which finally emerged in these last twenty years as an ever - deepening friendshi
To love included not only the vagaries of circumstances — annoyance, anger, pleasure, laughter — but the
growth from a childhood emotion, through all the
changing years of becoming womanhood,
to that which finally emerged in these last twenty years as an ever - deepening friendshi
to that which finally emerged in these last twenty
years as an ever - deepening friendship.
To sustain its growth potential, Island Oasis last year changed from direct distribution to a broad - line distribution mode
To sustain its
growth potential, Island Oasis last
year changed from direct distribution
to a broad - line distribution mode
to a broad - line distribution model.
Over the last two
years, scientists
from the United States, the United Kingdom, and Sweden have examined projections and current data
to identify ways in which the dairy industry may respond
to challenges such as population
growth, urbanisation, and climate
change, in order
to meet increased demand for dairy products over the next half century.
Even though the amount that a child eats may
change from week
to week, most children eat enough
to meet the demands of
growth over months and
years.
If a shift in accounting methodology is warranted
to more appropriately record an item of expense, an adjustment should be made when calculating spending
growth to enable the Legislature and the public
to accurately assess
changes from the prior
year.
The particular harm is that underlying «trend factors» built in
to projections on
year -
to -
year spending
changes become a self - fulfilling base
from which the discussion on the budget begins... for example, a
change from $ 9 billion
to $ 12 billion in actual proposed spending on a program area doesn't become the focus, if the «projected out -
year» for that program had its expected
growth going
to $ 13.5 billion — instead of anaylyzing why there is 33 percent
growth in that program, the interest groups and journalists cover that as a «cut» of $ 1.5 billion.
To get a sense for how this probability, or risk of such a storm, will change in the future, he performed the same analysis, this time embedding the hurricane model within six global climate models, and running each model from the years 2081 to 2100, under a future scenario in which the world's climate changes as a result of unmitigated growth of greenhouse gas emission
To get a sense for how this probability, or risk of such a storm, will
change in the future, he performed the same analysis, this time embedding the hurricane model within six global climate models, and running each model
from the
years 2081
to 2100, under a future scenario in which the world's climate changes as a result of unmitigated growth of greenhouse gas emission
to 2100, under a future scenario in which the world's climate
changes as a result of unmitigated
growth of greenhouse gas emissions.
17.07.2015 Weight - loss diet works better when combined with vitamin D 10.07.2015 Build muscle mass, increase endurance capacity and lose fat through intermittent fasting 01.07.2015 Superior weight - loss diet: high protein plus capsaicin supplements 22.05.2015 Why weight loss supplements with N - methyltyramine may not work 12.05.2015 Capsaicin keeps metabolic rate high during weight loss diet 09.05.2015 Lose fat faster with 2 g choline per day 05.05.2015 Aloe vera as a slimming supplement 03.04.2015 Daily glass of tomato juice makes you slimmer 28.03.2015 Body fat melts away with gum Arabic 16.03.2015 Burning fat with circuit training goes better with extra vitamin D 27.02.2015 Strict weight loss diet works better if you bend the rules occasionally 23.02.2015 Strength training fights belly fat better than aerobic training 19.02.2015 L - Carnitine makes fasting easier and more effective 03.02.2015 Weight - loss diet works better with three glasses of light soft drink a day 12.01.2015 GABA: body fat inhibitor and insulin booster 30.12.2014 Slimming effect of Green Coffee Bean: study was fake 14.11.2014 Bowl of low - fat yoghurt in the afternoon makes dieting easier 27.10.2014 Obese teenagers benefit most
from a combination of strength training and cardio 21.10.2014 Opuntia, the weight - loss cactus 18.09.2014 A
year on a high - protein slimming diet is good for cardiovascular system 27.08.2014 Abgone slimming supplement doesn't work at all 23.08.2014 Exercise and low - carb diet combo excellent way
to lose weight 20.08.2014 Lose weight with chlorophyll 14.08.2014 Lose weight and keep it off with quinoa 09.08.2014 Proof: stress makes you fat 03.08.2014 Weight loss: faster and healthier with 2 meals a day 30.07.2014 Cacao boosts fat burning 18.07.2014 L - Citrulline
changes apple into pear 10.07.2014 How multi-vitamins can help you stay slim 07.07.2014 Lose weight without dieting with Gynostemma pentaphyllum 20.06.2014 Citrus extract Sinetrol reduces fat mass but increases lean body mass 14.06.2014 Lose four kg in a couple of days: and keep it off a
year later 25.05.2014 Diet with less sodium and more potassium has slight slimming effect 23.05.2014 Eco-Atkins: the Atkins diet, but then vegan 02.05.2014 DMAE as slimming supplement 21.04.2014 Daylight in the morning has slimming effect 17.04.2014 The best high - protein slimming diet contains lots of taurine and glycine 13.04.2014 Lose weight three times faster with XLS Medical 31.03.2014 Strength training helps keep post-menopausal women slim 03.03.2014 Weight loss: half an hour a day of cardio works works better than an hour 18.02.2014 Swop your desk chair for a therapy ball, and keep slim 16.02.2014 Rapid weight loss without losing muscle: combine intermittent fasting and cardio 11.02.2014 Overweight people can best combine cardio and strength training 28.01.2014 Slimming supplement containing ECGC, resveratrol and Grape Seed Extract shown
to work in human study 12.01.2014 Weight - loss regime plus raspberry ketone - caffeine - capsaicin cocktail burns more fat and builds more muscle 06.01.2014 This is how the slimming vitamin biotin works 04.01.2014 High dose of biotin sabotages fat cell
growth 01.01.2014
Then no muscle
growth 07.04.18 Five (well, four really) things you can do
to be happier 06.04.18 The anti-AGE-ing effect of olive oil 05.04.18 A healthy sleep rhythm makes antioestrogens more effective 04.04.18 Ginger and turmeric are effective painkillers 03.04.18 People who eat vegetables are happier and more creative 02.04.18 This is the hormonal impact of a triathlon 01.04.18 The narrow - grip version of the bench press stimulates the pecs just as well as the regular bench press 31.03.18 Why a low - carbohydrate diet might make intermittent fasting more effective 30.03.18 Bloodletting for bodybuilders 29.03.18 Bar with protein
from insects no match for the good, old shake with whey 28.03.18 Animal study: SAM - e inhibits breast cancer 27.03.18 For glutes & hamstrings, single - leg squats are better than regular squats or stiff - leg deadlifts 26.03.18 Testosterone makes cancer more agressive 25.03.18 How half a
year of bench presses will
change your body 24.03.18 Skipping breakfast does not make you fatter (but it may make you slimmer) 23.03.18 The modified ginseng supplement GINST15, Compound K and muscles 22.03.18 Creatine has more effect on upper body muscles than on lower body muscles 21.03.18 Sadistic variants of the pull - up are just as good for your muscles as the humane version 20.03.18 In your sixties?
Many studies have been revealing that legal
growth hormone therapy can bring about incredible
changes to metabolic and psychological irregularities that come
from hormonal imbalances due
to aging or
from living
years without taking care of the body as it should be treated.
New Jersey measures
growth for an individual student by comparing the
change in his or her achievement on the state standardized assessment
from one
year to the student's «academic peers» (all other students in the state who had similar historical test results).
Growth models are much simpler calculations that calculate the
change in student achievement
from the beginning of the
year to the end of the
year.
All Indiana schools will now earn state letter grade ratings based not only on
changes in the school's passage rates on state tests, but on «
growth» in individual students» test scores
from year to year.
Judging pediatricians on the
changes in the height and weight of their young patients as measured at their annual physicals
from one
year to the next makes just as much sense as using student «
growth» on annual standardized reading and math tests
to evaluate teachers.
Beach Court saw a dramatic
change in CSAP proficiency scores
from the low 40's
to the upper 60's in 2007 with numbers growing into the upper 80's, amongst the highest in Denver, and certainly the highest for any elementary school serving so many low - income students (
growth was also in the 80 and 90 percentage points for many of those
years).
(A
growth measure indicates the amount of positive
change from one
year to the next, whereas proficiency scores are a measure of a particular point in time.)
It does appear that the reform effort is helping teachers at one school make
changes in their classroom reading instruction according
to research - based practices; increased
growth in students» reading achievement was observed
from Year 1
to Year 2.
North Carolina's principals, whose salaries ranked 50th in the nation in 2016, watched this
year as lawmakers
changed how they are compensated, moving away
from a salary schedule based on
years of service and earned credentials
to a so - called performance - based plan that relies on students»
growth measures (calculated off standardized test scores) and the size of the school
to calculate pay.
Theoretically — and she told board members the idea is still very preliminary — state officials could see how the difference between the student's score and the cut score
changes from year to year to determine whether that student is making adequate
growth.
As the goal is
to determine
growth and trends, kindly advise us of the best format
to report our current and past data for reading and math, especially when assessments have
changed in Connecticut
from the Connecticut Academic Performance Test for several
years,
to the Smarter Balanced Assessment for one
year to our current School - Day SAT.
Such statements reflect the current views of Barnes & Noble with respect
to future events, the outcome of which is subject
to certain risks, including, among others, the general economic environment and consumer spending patterns, decreased consumer demand for Barnes & Noble's products, low
growth or declining sales and net income due
to various factors, possible disruptions in Barnes & Noble's computer systems, telephone systems or supply chain, possible risks associated with data privacy, information security and intellectual property, possible work stoppages or increases in labor costs, possible increases in shipping rates or interruptions in shipping service, effects of competition, possible risks that inventory in channels of distribution may be larger than able
to be sold, possible risks associated with
changes in the strategic direction of the device business, including possible reduction in sales of content, accessories and other merchandise and other adverse financial impacts, possible risk that component parts will be rendered obsolete or otherwise not be able
to be effectively utilized in devices
to be sold, possible risk that financial and operational forecasts and projections are not achieved, possible risk that returns
from consumers or channels of distribution may be greater than estimated, the risk that digital sales
growth is less than expectations and the risk that it does not exceed the rate of investment spend, higher - than - anticipated store closing or relocation costs, higher interest rates, the performance of Barnes & Noble's online, digital and other initiatives, the success of Barnes & Noble's strategic investments, unanticipated increases in merchandise, component or occupancy costs, unanticipated adverse litigation results or effects, product and component shortages, the potential adverse impact on the Company's businesses resulting
from the Company's prior reviews of strategic alternatives and the potential separation of the Company's businesses, the risk that the transactions with Microsoft and Pearson do not achieve the expected benefits for the parties or impose costs on the Company in excess of what the Company anticipates, including the risk that NOOK Media's applications are not commercially successful or that the expected distribution of those applications is not achieved, risks associated with the international expansion contemplated by the relationship with Microsoft, including that it is not successful or is delayed, the risk that NOOK Media is not able
to perform its obligations under the Microsoft and Pearson commercial agreements and the consequences thereof, risks associated with the restatement contained in, the delayed filing of, and the material weakness in internal controls described in Barnes & Noble's Annual Report on Form 10 - K for the fiscal
year ended April 27, 2013, risks associated with the SEC investigation disclosed in the quarterly report on Form 10 - Q for the fiscal quarter ended October 26, 2013, risks associated with the ongoing efforts
to rationalize the NOOK business and the expected costs and benefits of such efforts and associated risks and other factors which may be outside of Barnes & Noble's control, including those factors discussed in detail in Item 1A, «Risk Factors,» in Barnes & Noble's Annual Report on Form 10 - K for the fiscal
year ended April 27, 2013, and in Barnes & Noble's other filings made hereafter
from time
to time with the SEC.
Such statements reflect the current views of Barnes & Noble with respect
to future events, the outcome of which is subject
to certain risks, including, among others, the effect of the proposed separation of NOOK Media, the general economic environment and consumer spending patterns, decreased consumer demand for Barnes & Noble's products, low
growth or declining sales and net income due
to various factors, possible disruptions in Barnes & Noble's computer systems, telephone systems or supply chain, possible risks associated with data privacy, information security and intellectual property, possible work stoppages or increases in labor costs, possible increases in shipping rates or interruptions in shipping service, effects of competition, possible risks that inventory in channels of distribution may be larger than able
to be sold, possible risks associated with
changes in the strategic direction of the device business, including possible reduction in sales of content, accessories and other merchandise and other adverse financial impacts, possible risk that component parts will be rendered obsolete or otherwise not be able
to be effectively utilized in devices
to be sold, possible risk that financial and operational forecasts and projections are not achieved, possible risk that returns
from consumers or channels of distribution may be greater than estimated, the risk that digital sales
growth is less than expectations and the risk that it does not exceed the rate of investment spend, higher - than - anticipated store closing or relocation costs, higher interest rates, the performance of Barnes & Noble's online, digital and other initiatives, the success of Barnes & Noble's strategic investments, unanticipated increases in merchandise, component or occupancy costs, unanticipated adverse litigation results or effects, product and component shortages, risks associated with the commercial agreement with Samsung, the potential adverse impact on the Company's businesses resulting
from the Company's prior reviews of strategic alternatives and the potential separation of the Company's businesses (including with respect
to the timing of the completion thereof), the risk that the transactions with Pearson and Samsung do not achieve the expected benefits for the parties or impose costs on the Company in excess of what the Company anticipates, including the risk that NOOK Media's applications are not commercially successful or that the expected distribution of those applications is not achieved, risks associated with the international expansion previously undertaken, including any risks associated with a reduction of international operations following termination of the Microsoft commercial agreement, the risk that NOOK Media is not able
to perform its obligations under the Pearson and Samsung commercial agreements and the consequences thereof, the risks associated with the termination of Microsoft commercial agreement, including potential customer losses, risks associated with the restatement contained in, the delayed filing of, and the material weakness in internal controls described in Barnes & Noble's Annual Report on Form 10 - K for the fiscal
year ended April 27, 2013, risks associated with the SEC investigation disclosed in the quarterly report on Form 10 - Q for the fiscal quarter ended October 26, 2013, risks associated with the ongoing efforts
to rationalize the NOOK business and the expected costs and benefits of such efforts and associated risks and other factors which may be outside of Barnes & Noble's control, including those factors discussed in detail in Item 1A, «Risk Factors,» in Barnes & Noble's Annual Report on Form 10 - K for the fiscal
year ended May 3, 2014, and in Barnes & Noble's other filings made hereafter
from time
to time with the SEC.
Keegan Toci
from BlackRock, Dave LaValle
from State Street Global Advisors and Eric Pollackov
from Invesco PowerShares shared their insight and expertise as
to what
changes and improvements have been made over the last few
years to accommodate this
growth and ensure orderly pricing, trading, and liquidity.
The primary
growth filter constructed for this article focuses on
year -
to -
year changes in earnings per share
from continuing operations, looking for steady and increasing earnings annually.
The strong
growth and cash flow
from Humira, the continued development of their drug pipeline, and management's commitment
to returning capital
to shareholders through dividends has increased our estimate of fair value for the company and
changed our holding period
from one
year to multiple
years.
I think of the crazy worldoffruit.com online effort in the v late 90s (which `... received a very positive reaction
from within the produce industry and looks set
to dramatically
change the way in which fresh fruit and vegetables are traded across the globe...»), the lack of earnings
growth in the past few
years, the ludicrous de-merger of Fyffes, Total Produce and Blackrock (now Balmoral International Land, whose shares subsequently collapsed and are now delisted), etc..
After a
year of
change and
growth in the hotel industry,
from the explosion of Airbnb
to serviced apartments and an increased interest in the on - demand culture, it isn't just London that will see its effect in 2018.
When the Heartland Institute held its gathering in New York City last
year celebrating climate skepticism, Exxon Mobil made a point of saying it had stopped contributing money
to that group, explaining that it did not want
to support groups «whose position on climate
change could divert attention
from the important discussion about how the world will secure the energy required for economic
growth in an environmentally responsible manner.»
Rate of percentage annual
growth for carbon dioxide has certainly increased since the beginning of the 21st century, but this should result in a significant
change in the rate of warming any more quickly than the differences between emission scenarios would, and there (according
to the models) the differences aren't significant for the first thirty - some
years but progressively become more pronounced
from then on — given the cummulative effects of accumulated carbon dioxide.
Since emissions in the last 40
years have been 3 times higher than in the period
from 1924
to 1963 and 30 times higher than 1844
to 1883 it is not too hard
to believe that the rapid
growth in atmospheric partial pressure has forced such a
change in airborne fraction
With respect
to the uncertainty in CH4, I will add that the
growth rate has
changed from over 10 ppb / yr in the 80's
to close
to 0 ppb / yr over the last few
years.
To point out just a couple of things: — oceans warming slower (or cooling slower) than lands on long - time trends is absolutely normal, because water is more difficult both to warm or to cool (I mean, we require both a bigger heat flow and more time); at the contrary, I see as a non-sense theory (made by some serrist, but don't know who) that oceans are storing up heat, and that suddenly they will release such heat as a positive feedback: or the water warms than no heat can be considered ad «stored» (we have no phase change inside oceans, so no latent heat) or oceans begin to release heat but in the same time they have to cool (because they are losing heat); so, I don't feel strange that in last years land temperatures for some series (NCDC and GISS) can be heating up while oceans are slightly cooling, but I feel strange that they are heating up so much to reverse global trend from slightly negative / stable to slightly positive; but, in the end, all this is not an evidence that lands» warming is led by UHI (but, this effect, I would not exclude it from having a small part in temperature trends for some regional area, but just small); both because, as writtend, it is normal to have waters warming slower than lands, and because lands» temperatures are often measured in a not so precise way (despite they continue to give us a global uncertainity in TT values which is barely the instrumental's one)-- but, to point out, HadCRU and MSU of last years (I mean always 2002 - 2006) follow much better waters» temperatures trend; — metropolis and larger cities temperature trends actually show an increase in UHI effect, but I think the sites are few, and the covered area is very small worldwide, so the global effect is very poor (but it still can be sensible for regional effects); but I would not run out a small warming trend for airport measurements due mainly to three things: increasing jet planes traffic, enlarging airports (then more buildings and more asphalt — if you follow motor sports, or simply live in a town / city, you will know how easy they get very warmer than air during day, and how much it can slow night - time cooling) and overall having airports nearer to cities (if not becoming an area inside the city after some decade of hurban growth, e.g. Milan - Linate); — I found no point about UHI in towns and villages; you will tell me they are not large cities; but, in comparison with 20-40-60 years ago when they were «countryside», many small towns and villages have become part of larger hurban areas (at least in Europe and Asia) so examining just larger cities would not be enough in my opinion to get a full view of UHI effect (still remembering that it has a small global effect: we can say many matters are due to UHI instead of GW, maybe even that a small part of measured GW is due to UHI, and that GW measurements are not so precise to make us able to make good analisyses and predictions, but not that GW is due to UHI
To point out just a couple of things: — oceans warming slower (or cooling slower) than lands on long - time trends is absolutely normal, because water is more difficult both
to warm or to cool (I mean, we require both a bigger heat flow and more time); at the contrary, I see as a non-sense theory (made by some serrist, but don't know who) that oceans are storing up heat, and that suddenly they will release such heat as a positive feedback: or the water warms than no heat can be considered ad «stored» (we have no phase change inside oceans, so no latent heat) or oceans begin to release heat but in the same time they have to cool (because they are losing heat); so, I don't feel strange that in last years land temperatures for some series (NCDC and GISS) can be heating up while oceans are slightly cooling, but I feel strange that they are heating up so much to reverse global trend from slightly negative / stable to slightly positive; but, in the end, all this is not an evidence that lands» warming is led by UHI (but, this effect, I would not exclude it from having a small part in temperature trends for some regional area, but just small); both because, as writtend, it is normal to have waters warming slower than lands, and because lands» temperatures are often measured in a not so precise way (despite they continue to give us a global uncertainity in TT values which is barely the instrumental's one)-- but, to point out, HadCRU and MSU of last years (I mean always 2002 - 2006) follow much better waters» temperatures trend; — metropolis and larger cities temperature trends actually show an increase in UHI effect, but I think the sites are few, and the covered area is very small worldwide, so the global effect is very poor (but it still can be sensible for regional effects); but I would not run out a small warming trend for airport measurements due mainly to three things: increasing jet planes traffic, enlarging airports (then more buildings and more asphalt — if you follow motor sports, or simply live in a town / city, you will know how easy they get very warmer than air during day, and how much it can slow night - time cooling) and overall having airports nearer to cities (if not becoming an area inside the city after some decade of hurban growth, e.g. Milan - Linate); — I found no point about UHI in towns and villages; you will tell me they are not large cities; but, in comparison with 20-40-60 years ago when they were «countryside», many small towns and villages have become part of larger hurban areas (at least in Europe and Asia) so examining just larger cities would not be enough in my opinion to get a full view of UHI effect (still remembering that it has a small global effect: we can say many matters are due to UHI instead of GW, maybe even that a small part of measured GW is due to UHI, and that GW measurements are not so precise to make us able to make good analisyses and predictions, but not that GW is due to UHI
to warm or
to cool (I mean, we require both a bigger heat flow and more time); at the contrary, I see as a non-sense theory (made by some serrist, but don't know who) that oceans are storing up heat, and that suddenly they will release such heat as a positive feedback: or the water warms than no heat can be considered ad «stored» (we have no phase change inside oceans, so no latent heat) or oceans begin to release heat but in the same time they have to cool (because they are losing heat); so, I don't feel strange that in last years land temperatures for some series (NCDC and GISS) can be heating up while oceans are slightly cooling, but I feel strange that they are heating up so much to reverse global trend from slightly negative / stable to slightly positive; but, in the end, all this is not an evidence that lands» warming is led by UHI (but, this effect, I would not exclude it from having a small part in temperature trends for some regional area, but just small); both because, as writtend, it is normal to have waters warming slower than lands, and because lands» temperatures are often measured in a not so precise way (despite they continue to give us a global uncertainity in TT values which is barely the instrumental's one)-- but, to point out, HadCRU and MSU of last years (I mean always 2002 - 2006) follow much better waters» temperatures trend; — metropolis and larger cities temperature trends actually show an increase in UHI effect, but I think the sites are few, and the covered area is very small worldwide, so the global effect is very poor (but it still can be sensible for regional effects); but I would not run out a small warming trend for airport measurements due mainly to three things: increasing jet planes traffic, enlarging airports (then more buildings and more asphalt — if you follow motor sports, or simply live in a town / city, you will know how easy they get very warmer than air during day, and how much it can slow night - time cooling) and overall having airports nearer to cities (if not becoming an area inside the city after some decade of hurban growth, e.g. Milan - Linate); — I found no point about UHI in towns and villages; you will tell me they are not large cities; but, in comparison with 20-40-60 years ago when they were «countryside», many small towns and villages have become part of larger hurban areas (at least in Europe and Asia) so examining just larger cities would not be enough in my opinion to get a full view of UHI effect (still remembering that it has a small global effect: we can say many matters are due to UHI instead of GW, maybe even that a small part of measured GW is due to UHI, and that GW measurements are not so precise to make us able to make good analisyses and predictions, but not that GW is due to UHI
to cool (I mean, we require both a bigger heat flow and more time); at the contrary, I see as a non-sense theory (made by some serrist, but don't know who) that oceans are storing up heat, and that suddenly they will release such heat as a positive feedback: or the water warms than no heat can be considered ad «stored» (we have no phase
change inside oceans, so no latent heat) or oceans begin
to release heat but in the same time they have to cool (because they are losing heat); so, I don't feel strange that in last years land temperatures for some series (NCDC and GISS) can be heating up while oceans are slightly cooling, but I feel strange that they are heating up so much to reverse global trend from slightly negative / stable to slightly positive; but, in the end, all this is not an evidence that lands» warming is led by UHI (but, this effect, I would not exclude it from having a small part in temperature trends for some regional area, but just small); both because, as writtend, it is normal to have waters warming slower than lands, and because lands» temperatures are often measured in a not so precise way (despite they continue to give us a global uncertainity in TT values which is barely the instrumental's one)-- but, to point out, HadCRU and MSU of last years (I mean always 2002 - 2006) follow much better waters» temperatures trend; — metropolis and larger cities temperature trends actually show an increase in UHI effect, but I think the sites are few, and the covered area is very small worldwide, so the global effect is very poor (but it still can be sensible for regional effects); but I would not run out a small warming trend for airport measurements due mainly to three things: increasing jet planes traffic, enlarging airports (then more buildings and more asphalt — if you follow motor sports, or simply live in a town / city, you will know how easy they get very warmer than air during day, and how much it can slow night - time cooling) and overall having airports nearer to cities (if not becoming an area inside the city after some decade of hurban growth, e.g. Milan - Linate); — I found no point about UHI in towns and villages; you will tell me they are not large cities; but, in comparison with 20-40-60 years ago when they were «countryside», many small towns and villages have become part of larger hurban areas (at least in Europe and Asia) so examining just larger cities would not be enough in my opinion to get a full view of UHI effect (still remembering that it has a small global effect: we can say many matters are due to UHI instead of GW, maybe even that a small part of measured GW is due to UHI, and that GW measurements are not so precise to make us able to make good analisyses and predictions, but not that GW is due to UHI
to release heat but in the same time they have
to cool (because they are losing heat); so, I don't feel strange that in last years land temperatures for some series (NCDC and GISS) can be heating up while oceans are slightly cooling, but I feel strange that they are heating up so much to reverse global trend from slightly negative / stable to slightly positive; but, in the end, all this is not an evidence that lands» warming is led by UHI (but, this effect, I would not exclude it from having a small part in temperature trends for some regional area, but just small); both because, as writtend, it is normal to have waters warming slower than lands, and because lands» temperatures are often measured in a not so precise way (despite they continue to give us a global uncertainity in TT values which is barely the instrumental's one)-- but, to point out, HadCRU and MSU of last years (I mean always 2002 - 2006) follow much better waters» temperatures trend; — metropolis and larger cities temperature trends actually show an increase in UHI effect, but I think the sites are few, and the covered area is very small worldwide, so the global effect is very poor (but it still can be sensible for regional effects); but I would not run out a small warming trend for airport measurements due mainly to three things: increasing jet planes traffic, enlarging airports (then more buildings and more asphalt — if you follow motor sports, or simply live in a town / city, you will know how easy they get very warmer than air during day, and how much it can slow night - time cooling) and overall having airports nearer to cities (if not becoming an area inside the city after some decade of hurban growth, e.g. Milan - Linate); — I found no point about UHI in towns and villages; you will tell me they are not large cities; but, in comparison with 20-40-60 years ago when they were «countryside», many small towns and villages have become part of larger hurban areas (at least in Europe and Asia) so examining just larger cities would not be enough in my opinion to get a full view of UHI effect (still remembering that it has a small global effect: we can say many matters are due to UHI instead of GW, maybe even that a small part of measured GW is due to UHI, and that GW measurements are not so precise to make us able to make good analisyses and predictions, but not that GW is due to UHI
to cool (because they are losing heat); so, I don't feel strange that in last
years land temperatures for some series (NCDC and GISS) can be heating up while oceans are slightly cooling, but I feel strange that they are heating up so much
to reverse global trend from slightly negative / stable to slightly positive; but, in the end, all this is not an evidence that lands» warming is led by UHI (but, this effect, I would not exclude it from having a small part in temperature trends for some regional area, but just small); both because, as writtend, it is normal to have waters warming slower than lands, and because lands» temperatures are often measured in a not so precise way (despite they continue to give us a global uncertainity in TT values which is barely the instrumental's one)-- but, to point out, HadCRU and MSU of last years (I mean always 2002 - 2006) follow much better waters» temperatures trend; — metropolis and larger cities temperature trends actually show an increase in UHI effect, but I think the sites are few, and the covered area is very small worldwide, so the global effect is very poor (but it still can be sensible for regional effects); but I would not run out a small warming trend for airport measurements due mainly to three things: increasing jet planes traffic, enlarging airports (then more buildings and more asphalt — if you follow motor sports, or simply live in a town / city, you will know how easy they get very warmer than air during day, and how much it can slow night - time cooling) and overall having airports nearer to cities (if not becoming an area inside the city after some decade of hurban growth, e.g. Milan - Linate); — I found no point about UHI in towns and villages; you will tell me they are not large cities; but, in comparison with 20-40-60 years ago when they were «countryside», many small towns and villages have become part of larger hurban areas (at least in Europe and Asia) so examining just larger cities would not be enough in my opinion to get a full view of UHI effect (still remembering that it has a small global effect: we can say many matters are due to UHI instead of GW, maybe even that a small part of measured GW is due to UHI, and that GW measurements are not so precise to make us able to make good analisyses and predictions, but not that GW is due to UHI
to reverse global trend
from slightly negative / stable
to slightly positive; but, in the end, all this is not an evidence that lands» warming is led by UHI (but, this effect, I would not exclude it from having a small part in temperature trends for some regional area, but just small); both because, as writtend, it is normal to have waters warming slower than lands, and because lands» temperatures are often measured in a not so precise way (despite they continue to give us a global uncertainity in TT values which is barely the instrumental's one)-- but, to point out, HadCRU and MSU of last years (I mean always 2002 - 2006) follow much better waters» temperatures trend; — metropolis and larger cities temperature trends actually show an increase in UHI effect, but I think the sites are few, and the covered area is very small worldwide, so the global effect is very poor (but it still can be sensible for regional effects); but I would not run out a small warming trend for airport measurements due mainly to three things: increasing jet planes traffic, enlarging airports (then more buildings and more asphalt — if you follow motor sports, or simply live in a town / city, you will know how easy they get very warmer than air during day, and how much it can slow night - time cooling) and overall having airports nearer to cities (if not becoming an area inside the city after some decade of hurban growth, e.g. Milan - Linate); — I found no point about UHI in towns and villages; you will tell me they are not large cities; but, in comparison with 20-40-60 years ago when they were «countryside», many small towns and villages have become part of larger hurban areas (at least in Europe and Asia) so examining just larger cities would not be enough in my opinion to get a full view of UHI effect (still remembering that it has a small global effect: we can say many matters are due to UHI instead of GW, maybe even that a small part of measured GW is due to UHI, and that GW measurements are not so precise to make us able to make good analisyses and predictions, but not that GW is due to UHI
to slightly positive; but, in the end, all this is not an evidence that lands» warming is led by UHI (but, this effect, I would not exclude it
from having a small part in temperature trends for some regional area, but just small); both because, as writtend, it is normal
to have waters warming slower than lands, and because lands» temperatures are often measured in a not so precise way (despite they continue to give us a global uncertainity in TT values which is barely the instrumental's one)-- but, to point out, HadCRU and MSU of last years (I mean always 2002 - 2006) follow much better waters» temperatures trend; — metropolis and larger cities temperature trends actually show an increase in UHI effect, but I think the sites are few, and the covered area is very small worldwide, so the global effect is very poor (but it still can be sensible for regional effects); but I would not run out a small warming trend for airport measurements due mainly to three things: increasing jet planes traffic, enlarging airports (then more buildings and more asphalt — if you follow motor sports, or simply live in a town / city, you will know how easy they get very warmer than air during day, and how much it can slow night - time cooling) and overall having airports nearer to cities (if not becoming an area inside the city after some decade of hurban growth, e.g. Milan - Linate); — I found no point about UHI in towns and villages; you will tell me they are not large cities; but, in comparison with 20-40-60 years ago when they were «countryside», many small towns and villages have become part of larger hurban areas (at least in Europe and Asia) so examining just larger cities would not be enough in my opinion to get a full view of UHI effect (still remembering that it has a small global effect: we can say many matters are due to UHI instead of GW, maybe even that a small part of measured GW is due to UHI, and that GW measurements are not so precise to make us able to make good analisyses and predictions, but not that GW is due to UHI
to have waters warming slower than lands, and because lands» temperatures are often measured in a not so precise way (despite they continue
to give us a global uncertainity in TT values which is barely the instrumental's one)-- but, to point out, HadCRU and MSU of last years (I mean always 2002 - 2006) follow much better waters» temperatures trend; — metropolis and larger cities temperature trends actually show an increase in UHI effect, but I think the sites are few, and the covered area is very small worldwide, so the global effect is very poor (but it still can be sensible for regional effects); but I would not run out a small warming trend for airport measurements due mainly to three things: increasing jet planes traffic, enlarging airports (then more buildings and more asphalt — if you follow motor sports, or simply live in a town / city, you will know how easy they get very warmer than air during day, and how much it can slow night - time cooling) and overall having airports nearer to cities (if not becoming an area inside the city after some decade of hurban growth, e.g. Milan - Linate); — I found no point about UHI in towns and villages; you will tell me they are not large cities; but, in comparison with 20-40-60 years ago when they were «countryside», many small towns and villages have become part of larger hurban areas (at least in Europe and Asia) so examining just larger cities would not be enough in my opinion to get a full view of UHI effect (still remembering that it has a small global effect: we can say many matters are due to UHI instead of GW, maybe even that a small part of measured GW is due to UHI, and that GW measurements are not so precise to make us able to make good analisyses and predictions, but not that GW is due to UHI
to give us a global uncertainity in TT values which is barely the instrumental's one)-- but,
to point out, HadCRU and MSU of last years (I mean always 2002 - 2006) follow much better waters» temperatures trend; — metropolis and larger cities temperature trends actually show an increase in UHI effect, but I think the sites are few, and the covered area is very small worldwide, so the global effect is very poor (but it still can be sensible for regional effects); but I would not run out a small warming trend for airport measurements due mainly to three things: increasing jet planes traffic, enlarging airports (then more buildings and more asphalt — if you follow motor sports, or simply live in a town / city, you will know how easy they get very warmer than air during day, and how much it can slow night - time cooling) and overall having airports nearer to cities (if not becoming an area inside the city after some decade of hurban growth, e.g. Milan - Linate); — I found no point about UHI in towns and villages; you will tell me they are not large cities; but, in comparison with 20-40-60 years ago when they were «countryside», many small towns and villages have become part of larger hurban areas (at least in Europe and Asia) so examining just larger cities would not be enough in my opinion to get a full view of UHI effect (still remembering that it has a small global effect: we can say many matters are due to UHI instead of GW, maybe even that a small part of measured GW is due to UHI, and that GW measurements are not so precise to make us able to make good analisyses and predictions, but not that GW is due to UHI
to point out, HadCRU and MSU of last
years (I mean always 2002 - 2006) follow much better waters» temperatures trend; — metropolis and larger cities temperature trends actually show an increase in UHI effect, but I think the sites are few, and the covered area is very small worldwide, so the global effect is very poor (but it still can be sensible for regional effects); but I would not run out a small warming trend for airport measurements due mainly
to three things: increasing jet planes traffic, enlarging airports (then more buildings and more asphalt — if you follow motor sports, or simply live in a town / city, you will know how easy they get very warmer than air during day, and how much it can slow night - time cooling) and overall having airports nearer to cities (if not becoming an area inside the city after some decade of hurban growth, e.g. Milan - Linate); — I found no point about UHI in towns and villages; you will tell me they are not large cities; but, in comparison with 20-40-60 years ago when they were «countryside», many small towns and villages have become part of larger hurban areas (at least in Europe and Asia) so examining just larger cities would not be enough in my opinion to get a full view of UHI effect (still remembering that it has a small global effect: we can say many matters are due to UHI instead of GW, maybe even that a small part of measured GW is due to UHI, and that GW measurements are not so precise to make us able to make good analisyses and predictions, but not that GW is due to UHI
to three things: increasing jet planes traffic, enlarging airports (then more buildings and more asphalt — if you follow motor sports, or simply live in a town / city, you will know how easy they get very warmer than air during day, and how much it can slow night - time cooling) and overall having airports nearer
to cities (if not becoming an area inside the city after some decade of hurban growth, e.g. Milan - Linate); — I found no point about UHI in towns and villages; you will tell me they are not large cities; but, in comparison with 20-40-60 years ago when they were «countryside», many small towns and villages have become part of larger hurban areas (at least in Europe and Asia) so examining just larger cities would not be enough in my opinion to get a full view of UHI effect (still remembering that it has a small global effect: we can say many matters are due to UHI instead of GW, maybe even that a small part of measured GW is due to UHI, and that GW measurements are not so precise to make us able to make good analisyses and predictions, but not that GW is due to UHI
to cities (if not becoming an area inside the city after some decade of hurban
growth, e.g. Milan - Linate); — I found no point about UHI in towns and villages; you will tell me they are not large cities; but, in comparison with 20-40-60
years ago when they were «countryside», many small towns and villages have become part of larger hurban areas (at least in Europe and Asia) so examining just larger cities would not be enough in my opinion
to get a full view of UHI effect (still remembering that it has a small global effect: we can say many matters are due to UHI instead of GW, maybe even that a small part of measured GW is due to UHI, and that GW measurements are not so precise to make us able to make good analisyses and predictions, but not that GW is due to UHI
to get a full view of UHI effect (still remembering that it has a small global effect: we can say many matters are due
to UHI instead of GW, maybe even that a small part of measured GW is due to UHI, and that GW measurements are not so precise to make us able to make good analisyses and predictions, but not that GW is due to UHI
to UHI instead of GW, maybe even that a small part of measured GW is due
to UHI, and that GW measurements are not so precise to make us able to make good analisyses and predictions, but not that GW is due to UHI
to UHI, and that GW measurements are not so precise
to make us able to make good analisyses and predictions, but not that GW is due to UHI
to make us able
to make good analisyses and predictions, but not that GW is due to UHI
to make good analisyses and predictions, but not that GW is due
to UHI
to UHI).
(11/15/07) «Ban the Bulb: Worldwide Shift
from Incandescents to Compact Fluorescents Could Close 270 Coal - Fired Power Plants» (5/9/07) «Massive Diversion of U.S. Grain to Fuel Cars is Raising World Food Prices» (3/21/07) «Distillery Demand for Grain to Fuel Cars Vastly Understated: World May Be Facing Highest Grain Prices in History» (1/4/07) «Santa Claus is Chinese OR Why China is Rising and the United States is Declining» (12/14/06) «Exploding U.S. Grain Demand for Automotive Fuel Threatens World Food Security and Political Stability» (11/3/06) «The Earth is Shrinking: Advancing Deserts and Rising Seas Squeezing Civilization» (11/15/06) «U.S. Population Reaches 300 Million, Heading for 400 Million: No Cause for Celebration» (10/4/06) «Supermarkets and Service Stations Now Competing for Grain» (7/13/06) «Let's Raise Gas Taxes and Lower Income Taxes» (5/12/06) «Wind Energy Demand Booming: Cost Dropping Below Conventional Sources Marks Key Milestone in U.S. Shift to Renewable Energy» (3/22/06) «Learning From China: Why the Western Economic Model Will not Work for the World» (3/9/05) «China Replacing the United States and World's Leading Consumer» (2/16/05)» Foreign Policy Damaging U.S. Economy» (10/27/04) «A Short Path to Oil Independence» (10/13/04) «World Food Security Deteriorating: Food Crunch In 2005 Now Likely» (05/05/04) «World Food Prices Rising: Decades of Environmental Neglect Shrinking Harvests in Key Countries» (04/28/04) «Saudis Have U.S. Over a Barrel: Shifting Terms of Trade Between Grain and Oil» (4/14/04) «Europe Leading World Into Age of Wind Energy» (4/8/04) «China's Shrinking Grain Harvest: How Its Growing Grain Imports Will Affect World Food Prices» (3/10/04) «U.S. Leading World Away From Cigarettes» (2/18/04) «Troubling New Flows of Environmental Refugees» (1/28/04) «Wakeup Call on the Food Front» (12/16/03) «Coal: U.S. Promotes While Canada and Europe Move Beyond» (12/3/03) «World Facing Fourth Consecutive Grain Harvest Shortfall» (9/17/03) «Record Temperatures Shrinking World Grain Harvest» (8/27/03) «China Losing War with Advancing Deserts» (8/4/03) «Wind Power Set to Become World's Leading Energy Source» (6/25/03) «World Creating Food Bubble Economy Based on Unsustainable Use of Water» (3/13/03) «Global Temperature Near Record for 2002: Takes Toll in Deadly Heat Waves, Withered Harvests, & Melting Ice» (12/11/02) «Rising Temperatures & Falling Water Tables Raising Food Prices» (8/21/02) «Water Deficits Growing in Many Countries» (8/6/02) «World Turning to Bicycle for Mobility and Exercise» (7/17/02) «New York: Garbage Capital of the World» (4/17/02) «Earth's Ice Melting Faster Than Projected» (3/12/02) «World's Rangelands Deteriorating Under Mounting Pressure» (2/5/02) «World Wind Generating Capacity Jumps 31 Percent in 2001» (1/8/02) «This Year May be Second Warmest on Record» (12/18/01) «World Grain Harvest Falling Short by 54 Million Tons: Water Shortages Contributing to Shortfall» (11/21/01) «Rising Sea Level Forcing Evacuation of Island Country» (11/15/01) «Worsening Water Shortages Threaten China's Food Security» (10/4/01) «Wind Power: The Missing Link in the Bush Energy Plan» (5/31/01) «Dust Bowl Threatening China's Future» (5/23/01) «Paving the Planet: Cars and Crops Competing for Land» (2/14/01) «Obesity Epidemic Threatens Health in Exercise - Deprived Societies» (12/19/00) «HIV Epidemic Restructuring Africa's Population» (10/31/00) «Fish Farming May Overtake Cattle Ranching As a Food Source» (10/3/00) «OPEC Has World Over a Barrel Again» (9/8/00) «Climate Change Has World Skating on Thin Ice» (8/29/00) «The Rise and Fall of the Global Climate Coalition» (7/25/00) «HIV Epidemic Undermining sub-Saharan Africa» (7/18/00) «Population Growth and Hydrological Poverty» (6/21/00) «U.S. Farmers Double Cropping Corn And Wind Energy» (6/7/00) «World Kicking the Cigarette Habit» (5/10/00) «Falling Water Tables in China» (5/2/00) Top of
from Incandescents
to Compact Fluorescents Could Close 270 Coal - Fired Power Plants» (5/9/07) «Massive Diversion of U.S. Grain
to Fuel Cars is Raising World Food Prices» (3/21/07) «Distillery Demand for Grain
to Fuel Cars Vastly Understated: World May Be Facing Highest Grain Prices in History» (1/4/07) «Santa Claus is Chinese OR Why China is Rising and the United States is Declining» (12/14/06) «Exploding U.S. Grain Demand for Automotive Fuel Threatens World Food Security and Political Stability» (11/3/06) «The Earth is Shrinking: Advancing Deserts and Rising Seas Squeezing Civilization» (11/15/06) «U.S. Population Reaches 300 Million, Heading for 400 Million: No Cause for Celebration» (10/4/06) «Supermarkets and Service Stations Now Competing for Grain» (7/13/06) «Let's Raise Gas Taxes and Lower Income Taxes» (5/12/06) «Wind Energy Demand Booming: Cost Dropping Below Conventional Sources Marks Key Milestone in U.S. Shift
to Renewable Energy» (3/22/06) «Learning
From China: Why the Western Economic Model Will not Work for the World» (3/9/05) «China Replacing the United States and World's Leading Consumer» (2/16/05)» Foreign Policy Damaging U.S. Economy» (10/27/04) «A Short Path to Oil Independence» (10/13/04) «World Food Security Deteriorating: Food Crunch In 2005 Now Likely» (05/05/04) «World Food Prices Rising: Decades of Environmental Neglect Shrinking Harvests in Key Countries» (04/28/04) «Saudis Have U.S. Over a Barrel: Shifting Terms of Trade Between Grain and Oil» (4/14/04) «Europe Leading World Into Age of Wind Energy» (4/8/04) «China's Shrinking Grain Harvest: How Its Growing Grain Imports Will Affect World Food Prices» (3/10/04) «U.S. Leading World Away From Cigarettes» (2/18/04) «Troubling New Flows of Environmental Refugees» (1/28/04) «Wakeup Call on the Food Front» (12/16/03) «Coal: U.S. Promotes While Canada and Europe Move Beyond» (12/3/03) «World Facing Fourth Consecutive Grain Harvest Shortfall» (9/17/03) «Record Temperatures Shrinking World Grain Harvest» (8/27/03) «China Losing War with Advancing Deserts» (8/4/03) «Wind Power Set to Become World's Leading Energy Source» (6/25/03) «World Creating Food Bubble Economy Based on Unsustainable Use of Water» (3/13/03) «Global Temperature Near Record for 2002: Takes Toll in Deadly Heat Waves, Withered Harvests, & Melting Ice» (12/11/02) «Rising Temperatures & Falling Water Tables Raising Food Prices» (8/21/02) «Water Deficits Growing in Many Countries» (8/6/02) «World Turning to Bicycle for Mobility and Exercise» (7/17/02) «New York: Garbage Capital of the World» (4/17/02) «Earth's Ice Melting Faster Than Projected» (3/12/02) «World's Rangelands Deteriorating Under Mounting Pressure» (2/5/02) «World Wind Generating Capacity Jumps 31 Percent in 2001» (1/8/02) «This Year May be Second Warmest on Record» (12/18/01) «World Grain Harvest Falling Short by 54 Million Tons: Water Shortages Contributing to Shortfall» (11/21/01) «Rising Sea Level Forcing Evacuation of Island Country» (11/15/01) «Worsening Water Shortages Threaten China's Food Security» (10/4/01) «Wind Power: The Missing Link in the Bush Energy Plan» (5/31/01) «Dust Bowl Threatening China's Future» (5/23/01) «Paving the Planet: Cars and Crops Competing for Land» (2/14/01) «Obesity Epidemic Threatens Health in Exercise - Deprived Societies» (12/19/00) «HIV Epidemic Restructuring Africa's Population» (10/31/00) «Fish Farming May Overtake Cattle Ranching As a Food Source» (10/3/00) «OPEC Has World Over a Barrel Again» (9/8/00) «Climate Change Has World Skating on Thin Ice» (8/29/00) «The Rise and Fall of the Global Climate Coalition» (7/25/00) «HIV Epidemic Undermining sub-Saharan Africa» (7/18/00) «Population Growth and Hydrological Poverty» (6/21/00) «U.S. Farmers Double Cropping Corn And Wind Energy» (6/7/00) «World Kicking the Cigarette Habit» (5/10/00) «Falling Water Tables in China» (5/2/00) Top of
From China: Why the Western Economic Model Will not Work for the World» (3/9/05) «China Replacing the United States and World's Leading Consumer» (2/16/05)» Foreign Policy Damaging U.S. Economy» (10/27/04) «A Short Path
to Oil Independence» (10/13/04) «World Food Security Deteriorating: Food Crunch In 2005 Now Likely» (05/05/04) «World Food Prices Rising: Decades of Environmental Neglect Shrinking Harvests in Key Countries» (04/28/04) «Saudis Have U.S. Over a Barrel: Shifting Terms of Trade Between Grain and Oil» (4/14/04) «Europe Leading World Into Age of Wind Energy» (4/8/04) «China's Shrinking Grain Harvest: How Its Growing Grain Imports Will Affect World Food Prices» (3/10/04) «U.S. Leading World Away
From Cigarettes» (2/18/04) «Troubling New Flows of Environmental Refugees» (1/28/04) «Wakeup Call on the Food Front» (12/16/03) «Coal: U.S. Promotes While Canada and Europe Move Beyond» (12/3/03) «World Facing Fourth Consecutive Grain Harvest Shortfall» (9/17/03) «Record Temperatures Shrinking World Grain Harvest» (8/27/03) «China Losing War with Advancing Deserts» (8/4/03) «Wind Power Set to Become World's Leading Energy Source» (6/25/03) «World Creating Food Bubble Economy Based on Unsustainable Use of Water» (3/13/03) «Global Temperature Near Record for 2002: Takes Toll in Deadly Heat Waves, Withered Harvests, & Melting Ice» (12/11/02) «Rising Temperatures & Falling Water Tables Raising Food Prices» (8/21/02) «Water Deficits Growing in Many Countries» (8/6/02) «World Turning to Bicycle for Mobility and Exercise» (7/17/02) «New York: Garbage Capital of the World» (4/17/02) «Earth's Ice Melting Faster Than Projected» (3/12/02) «World's Rangelands Deteriorating Under Mounting Pressure» (2/5/02) «World Wind Generating Capacity Jumps 31 Percent in 2001» (1/8/02) «This Year May be Second Warmest on Record» (12/18/01) «World Grain Harvest Falling Short by 54 Million Tons: Water Shortages Contributing to Shortfall» (11/21/01) «Rising Sea Level Forcing Evacuation of Island Country» (11/15/01) «Worsening Water Shortages Threaten China's Food Security» (10/4/01) «Wind Power: The Missing Link in the Bush Energy Plan» (5/31/01) «Dust Bowl Threatening China's Future» (5/23/01) «Paving the Planet: Cars and Crops Competing for Land» (2/14/01) «Obesity Epidemic Threatens Health in Exercise - Deprived Societies» (12/19/00) «HIV Epidemic Restructuring Africa's Population» (10/31/00) «Fish Farming May Overtake Cattle Ranching As a Food Source» (10/3/00) «OPEC Has World Over a Barrel Again» (9/8/00) «Climate Change Has World Skating on Thin Ice» (8/29/00) «The Rise and Fall of the Global Climate Coalition» (7/25/00) «HIV Epidemic Undermining sub-Saharan Africa» (7/18/00) «Population Growth and Hydrological Poverty» (6/21/00) «U.S. Farmers Double Cropping Corn And Wind Energy» (6/7/00) «World Kicking the Cigarette Habit» (5/10/00) «Falling Water Tables in China» (5/2/00) Top of
From Cigarettes» (2/18/04) «Troubling New Flows of Environmental Refugees» (1/28/04) «Wakeup Call on the Food Front» (12/16/03) «Coal: U.S. Promotes While Canada and Europe Move Beyond» (12/3/03) «World Facing Fourth Consecutive Grain Harvest Shortfall» (9/17/03) «Record Temperatures Shrinking World Grain Harvest» (8/27/03) «China Losing War with Advancing Deserts» (8/4/03) «Wind Power Set
to Become World's Leading Energy Source» (6/25/03) «World Creating Food Bubble Economy Based on Unsustainable Use of Water» (3/13/03) «Global Temperature Near Record for 2002: Takes Toll in Deadly Heat Waves, Withered Harvests, & Melting Ice» (12/11/02) «Rising Temperatures & Falling Water Tables Raising Food Prices» (8/21/02) «Water Deficits Growing in Many Countries» (8/6/02) «World Turning
to Bicycle for Mobility and Exercise» (7/17/02) «New York: Garbage Capital of the World» (4/17/02) «Earth's Ice Melting Faster Than Projected» (3/12/02) «World's Rangelands Deteriorating Under Mounting Pressure» (2/5/02) «World Wind Generating Capacity Jumps 31 Percent in 2001» (1/8/02) «This
Year May be Second Warmest on Record» (12/18/01) «World Grain Harvest Falling Short by 54 Million Tons: Water Shortages Contributing
to Shortfall» (11/21/01) «Rising Sea Level Forcing Evacuation of Island Country» (11/15/01) «Worsening Water Shortages Threaten China's Food Security» (10/4/01) «Wind Power: The Missing Link in the Bush Energy Plan» (5/31/01) «Dust Bowl Threatening China's Future» (5/23/01) «Paving the Planet: Cars and Crops Competing for Land» (2/14/01) «Obesity Epidemic Threatens Health in Exercise - Deprived Societies» (12/19/00) «HIV Epidemic Restructuring Africa's Population» (10/31/00) «Fish Farming May Overtake Cattle Ranching As a Food Source» (10/3/00) «OPEC Has World Over a Barrel Again» (9/8/00) «Climate
Change Has World Skating on Thin Ice» (8/29/00) «The Rise and Fall of the Global Climate Coalition» (7/25/00) «HIV Epidemic Undermining sub-Saharan Africa» (7/18/00) «Population
Growth and Hydrological Poverty» (6/21/00) «U.S. Farmers Double Cropping Corn And Wind Energy» (6/7/00) «World Kicking the Cigarette Habit» (5/10/00) «Falling Water Tables in China» (5/2/00) Top of page
Samples
from living trees taken in a single
year are not suitable for assessing time - dependent
changes in the rate of
growth of trees (individual trees can be growing faster than they used
to but modern sample bias can obscure the differences).
Declining solar insolation as part of a normal eleven -
year cycle, and a cyclical
change from an El Nino
to a La Nina dominate our measure of anthropogenic effects because rapid
growth in short - lived sulfur emissions partially offsets rising greenhouse gas concentrations.
Note that the contribution
from population
growth has been relatively steady, while the contribution
from the relative
change in GDP per capita has been much more variable
from year to year (even negative for some
years).
The models heavily relied upon by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate
Change (IPCC) had not projected this multidecadal stasis in «global warming»; nor (until trained ex post facto) the fall in TS
from 1940 - 1975; nor 50
years» cooling in Antarctica (Doran et al., 2002) and the Arctic (Soon, 2005); nor the absence of ocean warming since 2003 (Lyman et al., 2006; Gouretski & Koltermann, 2007); nor the onset, duration, or intensity of the Madden - Julian intraseasonal oscillation, the Quasi-Biennial Oscillation in the tropical stratosphere, El Nino / La Nina oscillations, the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation, or the Pacific Decadal Oscillation that has recently transited
from its warming
to its cooling phase (oceanic oscillations which, on their own, may account for all of the observed warmings and coolings over the past half - century: Tsoniset al., 2007); nor the magnitude nor duration of multi-century events such as the Mediaeval Warm Period or the Little Ice Age; nor the cessation since 2000 of the previously - observed
growth in atmospheric methane concentration (IPCC, 2007); nor the active 2004 hurricane season; nor the inactive subsequent seasons; nor the UK flooding of 2007 (the Met Office had forecast a summer of prolonged droughts only six weeks previously); nor the solar Grand Maximum of the past 70
years, during which the Sun was more active, for longer, than at almost any similar period in the past 11,400
years (Hathaway, 2004; Solankiet al., 2005); nor the consequent surface «global warming» on Mars, Jupiter, Neptune's largest moon, and even distant Pluto; nor the eerily - continuing 2006 solar minimum; nor the consequent, precipitate decline of ~ 0.8 °C in TS
from January 2007
to May 2008 that has canceled out almost all of the observed warming of the 20th century.