On the heels of the shale gas rush that's swept the U.S. for the past decade, another wave of fossil fuel - based projects is coming — a plastic and petrochemical manufacturing rush that environmentalists warn could make smog worse in communities already breathing air pollution from fracking, sicken workers, and expand the plastic trash
gyres in the world's oceans.
Gyres in the Northern and Southern Hemispheres are similar except that they rotate in opposite directions because the Coriolis effect acts in opposite directions in the two hemispheres.
This media - friendly statistic emerged in a 2016 report on the «circular economy,» a concept embraced by 5
Gyres in which plastic products are better designed to never become waste, but to be perpetually used or recycled.
Stronger easterlies in the Pacific spin up
the gyres in both hemispheres and Ekman pumping in those regions intensifies, bringing warmer surface waters to depth.
Roemmich et al (2007) suggest that mid-latitude
gyres in all of the oceans are influenced by decadal variability in the Southern and Northern Annular Modes (SAM and NAM respectively) as wind driven currents in baroclinic oceans (Sverdrup, 1947).
In the northern hemisphere the land masses prevent this and the ocean circulation is broken into smaller
gyres in the Atlantic and Pacific basins.
What if the climate shifts to cooler conditions in the next climate shift due in a decade driven by UV / ozone chemistry, polar surface pressure and sub-polar
gyres in amplifying a dimming sun.
The demonstration vessel seen below is our «Proof of Concept» boat that has shown we can harvest plastic and other waste from the 5 garbage
Gyres in the Atlantic, Indian and Pacific Oceans and (via third parties) recycle that waste into clean diesel fuel for shipping and new plastic products.
Aboard with 5
Gyres in the South Pacific: The Trawling Begins On The Way To The (Possibly) Great South Pacific Garbage Patch 5 Gyres Founders Explain How Plastic Pollution in Oceans Really Works (Video)
More from TreeHugger's voyage with 5 Gyres Aboard with 5
Gyres in the South Pacific: The Trawling Begins Tsunami Ruins, And Music With Impossible Nature Surroundings At Robinson Crusoe Island On The Way To The (Possibly) Great South Pacific Garbage Patch 5 Gyres Founders Explain How Plastic Pollution in Oceans Really Works (Video) TreeHugger Joins 5 Gyres To Sail The South Pacific In Search Of Plastic Pollution
Their work, published this month in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, did find millions of pieces of plastic debris floating in five large subtropical
gyres in the world's oceans.
A feasibility study published in 2014 estimated that such a boom could clean up half the plastic in
the gyres in only 10 years — but at cost of about # 300 million.
To figure out how much refuse is floating in those garbage patches, four ships of the Malaspina expedition, a global research project studying the oceans, fished for plastic across all five major ocean
gyres in 2010 and 2011.
An island of floating plastic garbage twice the size of Texas is trapped within the current
gyre in the middle of the North Pacific Ocean.
The last timeframe in the Sub-polar Gyre was not published in Curry & Mauritzen's paper because they had very little data from the western Sub-polar
Gyre in that period — the volume budget would therefore be biased towards the salty eastern atlantic, where the warm, salty subtropical waters reside.
The definite answer on whether this is the case or if the garbage patch in the South Pacific is smaller than previous ones will come when we reach the center of
the gyre in a couple of days.
We can observe
the gyre in the Beaufort Sea, offshore of the Canadian and Alaskan coasts as well as the ice flux leaving the Arctic Ocean through the Fram Straight, between Greenland and the Svalbard archipelago.
Rather, while the ocean may be doing something to the surface energy budget in parts of the subpolar
gyre in coupled models, its effect on the AMO is small compared to the stochastic atmospheric forcing.
Check out all of Chris Jordan's amazing photos from his journey to the Pacific
gyre in Planet Green's slideshow:
Not exact matches
In 2010 she hitchhiked across the Pacific Ocean on freighter ships to the United States, where she worked with the 5 Gyres Institute in California on the first ever comprehensive study of plastic in the world's ocean
In 2010 she hitchhiked across the Pacific Ocean on freighter ships to the United States, where she worked with the 5
Gyres Institute
in California on the first ever comprehensive study of plastic in the world's ocean
in California on the first ever comprehensive study of plastic
in the world's ocean
in the world's oceans.
The pattern the water circulation forms
in that region is called the Indian Ocean
Gyre, one of five of the major ocean
gyres of the world that scientists have identified so far.
«We're excited to partner with Hitch Health, an organization focused on creating and delivering health solutions that remove barriers for patients
in underserved communities,
in a collaboration that marries our unique API solution with their innovative technology to make it easier for people to get to and from their healthcare appointments,» said
Gyre Renwick, VP of Lyft Business.
She sees faint
gyres of dust
in the hot upper air.
Rainbow Light is partnering with NGO 5
Gyres to combat plastics pollution
in the ocean.
What we witnessing is turning and turning
in a widening
gyre, where the falcon can not hear the falconer.
Last month researchers from the 5
Gyres Institute
in Santa Monica, California, and the Algalita Marine Research Foundation
in Long Beach, California, sailed into Piriápolis, Uruguay.
«We realised that our buoys are
in fact a kind of marine debris,» says Nikolai Maximenko of the University of Hawaii
in Honolulu, who collaborated with 5
Gyres researchers to identify which areas of the ocean should have especially high levels of plastic pollution.
Rochman wants to see whether fish caught
in highly polluted areas of the
gyres have more plastic
in their guts and higher levels of POPs than those taken from less polluted waters.
They had just completed the third leg of the first expedition ever to study plastic pollution
in the South Atlantic subtropical
gyre.
More surprising is that despite the lure of the
gyres, the buoys — and, therefore, probably plastic
in general — really get around.
Seattle - based oceanographer Curtis Ebbesmeyer, who has been tracking huge
gyres of trash
in the ocean for two decades and runs the Beachcombers» Alert website, thinks the majority of tsunami debris will reach U.S. shores as early as October 2012.
SeaWiFS data show that photosynthesizing organisms have declined
in certain ocean
gyres (large - scale surface current patterns), said Jim Yoder, a scientist at the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution,
in a NASA article commemorating the end of SeaWiFS's mission.
The report adds that every square mile of ocean is home to nearly 50,000 pieces of litter, much of which tends to harm or kill wildlife that either ingests the plastic or gets trapped
in discarded netting, which is just as common
in the Northern
Gyre as discarded soda bottles.
Such accumulation zones are created when large amounts of floating plastic debris are caught by ocean currents and concentrate
in the centre of
gyre systems.
In previously ice - rich areas such as the Beaufort
Gyre off the Alaskan coast or the region south of Spitsbergen, the sea ice is considerably thinner now than it normally is during the spring.
CSIC researcher Carlos Duarte, coordinator of the Malaspina Expedition, states: «Our results show that the high concentration of plastic is not a unique feature of the Nort Pacific, but occurs
in each of the subtropical
gyres.»
«
In the central North Pacific
Gyre, pieces of plastic outweigh surface zooplankton by a factor of 6 to 1,» according to a report based on Moore's research.
But near the southern coast, most turtles swam south - west, even though swimming south would have kept them
in the
gyre.
To find out how the turtles remain within the
gyre, Ken Lohmann of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and colleagues made hatchlings swim
in the presence of magnetic fields that simulated locations off Portugal, by which the
gyre passes.
Astronomers believed this
gyre was altering the jet stream's course, much
in the same way a large rock would change a nearby river's path.
In the northern Mozambique channel and the Raja Ampat archipelago in Indonesia, for instance, upwelling and ocean gyres bring cool water that has allowed fragile corals to escape bleachin
In the northern Mozambique channel and the Raja Ampat archipelago
in Indonesia, for instance, upwelling and ocean gyres bring cool water that has allowed fragile corals to escape bleachin
in Indonesia, for instance, upwelling and ocean
gyres bring cool water that has allowed fragile corals to escape bleaching.
Eriksen said a company spokesperson told 5
Gyres they will phase out microbeads
in products by 2017.
At threshold sedimentation rates of 1 millimeter per 1000 years, the low rates of microbial community metabolism
in the North Pacific
Gyre allow sediments to remain oxygenated tens of meters below the sea floor.
On a cruise
in the North Pacific
Gyre, Røy et al. (p. 922) discovered that oxygen occurred for tens of meters into the sediment.
However,
in a column of mud from the North Pacific
Gyre, an area 1000 kilometers north of Hawaii, the researchers detected oxygen stretching down to 28 meters because the microbial community was too sparse to consume it all.
Here we report that hatchling loggerheads, when exposed to magnetic fields replicating those found
in three widely separated oceanic regions, responded by swimming
in directions that would,
in each case, help keep turtles within the currents of the North Atlantic
gyre and facilitate movement along the migratory pathway.
Those living below 20 meters
in the sediments of the North Pacific
Gyre are consuming oxygen at a rate of 0.001 micromoles of oxygen per liter of sediment per year, the team reports online today
in Science.
The rest floats; much of it ends up
in gyres and the massive garbage patches that form there, with some plastic eventually washing up on a distant shore.
Southerly katabatic winds and coastal currents produced the circulation field and retentive
gyre shown
in (a).
High concentrations of microplastics have been found
in five oceanic
gyres (the North Atlantic, South Atlantic, South Indian, North Pacific and South Pacific
gyres).