Sentences with phrase «half of our neural tissue»

Within a few days, the multiplying cells self - aggregate into tiny balls of neural tissue.

Intriguingly, they showed that over the two - year period, degeneration of neural tissue in the basal forebrain predicted subsequent tissue degeneration in the temporal lobe, but not the other way around.

The free - floating cells multiplied and coalesced into itty - bitty balls of neural tissue.

The cerebral cortex is the outermost layer of neural tissue in the brain and is one of the most extensively studied brain structures in the field of neuroscience.

U.S. Army - funded researchers at Brandeis University have discovered a process for engineering next - generation soft materials with embedded chemical networks that mimic the behavior of neural tissue.

Several specimens of the species, Fuxianhuia protensa (left), contain dark areas within their eye stalks (see fossil, above right; gray areas in sketch, bottom right) that represent preserved clusters of neural tissue, including clumps along the optic nerve (labeled 1 through 3 in the sketch) and the brain (lowermost mass).

At some point between the first amphibians moving onto dry land and the evolution of mammals, the neocortex arose — extra layers of neural tissue on the surface of the brain.

But she had to improve the sensitivity of the technique so that it could detect the isotopic ratio in DNA from the roughly 6 - gram sliver of neural tissue in the hippocampus thought to produce new neurons, the dentate gyrus.

Until recently, the fossilisation of neural tissue was believed to be highly unlikely or near impossible.

This is because 40 percent of the nerve fibers in the brain connect to the eye and roughly half of our neural tissue is related to vision.

In that same paper from 1957 that R.S. Fixot published in the American Journal of Opthamology (summarized here), 50 % of our neural tissue is directly or indirectly related to vision, which assists in visual learning.

DHA is a fatty acid involved in modulating inflammation in the joints and skin; it also is a structural component of neural tissue.

Both conditions are characterized by increased proximity of the cranial cervical spine to the base of the skull [25]; however a defining characteristic of human basilar invagination is invagination of the odontoid process of the axis through or towards the foramen magnum, often with compression of the neural tissue by the dens [25].

Not exact matches

At that point, there is often still enough surviving spinal cord tissue to allow for a sort of neural workaround, a rerouting of signals to maintain the flow of sensory and motor signals below the wound.

Made of a polymer that has already been approved by the FDA for applications such as biodegradable sutures, InVivo's implant seems to undermine the biological ripple effect that leads to apoptosis, essentially by leading the body to believe that the damage is not that bad, which tones down the immune response and helps the healthier neural tissue survive and heal.

By plucking out delicate, live tissue during neurosurgery and then studying the resident cells, researchers have revealed a partial cast of neural characters that give rise to our thoughts, dreams and memories.

Focusing on the neural pathway from the brain's prefrontal cortex to the amygdala, they combined optogenetics — a technique that uses light to control the activity of neurons in living tissue — with behavioral testing, a methodology that allows researchers to study functional connections between different regions of the brain.

«It's useful in modeling concepts in neuroscience to have a system that will yield a diverse range of behaviors for small changes of a control parameter, as this may help offer some insights about how the same neural tissue displays different responses,» Alonso said, whose research was funded by a fellowship from the Leon Levy Foundation.

Neural crest cells migrate to different parts of an embryo and give rise to several tissues including the bone and

The combination of small size and relatively large surface area allows heat to dissipate quickly enough to protect the animals» neural tissue.

Scientists believe these neural stem cells secrete hormonal steroids or proteins that nurse ailing neurons, preventing them from dying, and stimulate the formation of blood vessels that nourish damaged tissue with nutrients and oxygen.

By comparing how fast the neural circuits in the retina perform image - processing operations with how many instructions per second it takes a computer to accomplish similar work, I believe it is possible to at least coarsely estimate the information - processing power of nervous tissue — and by extrapolation, that of the entire human nervous system.

The collaboration, led by Wen Shen and Mark Allen of the University of Pennsylvania, found that the extracellular matrix derived electrodes adapted to the mechanical properties of brain tissue and were capable of acquiring neural recordings from the brain cortex.

He reports that Advanced Cell Technology plans to clone genetically altered animals whose neural tissue would be immunologically compatible with that of humans.

However, not only do neural prosthetic devices suffer from immune - system rejection, but most are believed to eventually fail because of a mismatch between the soft brain tissue and the rigid devices.

They tested neural tissue from people who had died from Huntington's disease, a degenerative disorder of nerve cells in the base of the brain.

«We'll continue to investigate mechanisms by which neural tissue bridges to repair the spinal cord in zebrafish, taking advantage of the power of genome editing to examine other factors,» said Poss.

Days 21 - 23: A furrow of tissue that gives rise to the brain and spinal cord has now begun to fold together, forming the neural tube.

During certain types of brain surgery, neural tissue must be removed, either because it is tumorous or because it gives rise to epileptic seizures.

Saatchi, which is owned by France's Publicis Groupe, SA, chose LifeStraw over a field of competitors that included a reusable controller to improve the distribution of IV fluids, a collapsible wheel that can be folded down for easier storage when not in use on bicycles or wheelchairs, an energy - efficient laptop designed for children in developing countries, a 3 - D display that uses special optics and software to project a hologramlike image of patient anatomy for cancer treatment, an inkjet printing system for fabricating tissue scaffolds on which cells can be grown, a visual prosthesis for bypassing a diseased or damaged eye and sending signals directly to the brain, books with embedded sound tracks to help educate illiterate adults on health issues, a phone that provides telecommunications coverage to poor rural populations in developing countries, and a brain - computer interface designed to help paralyzed people communicate via neural signals.

Methods for making bits of brainlike tissue tap the innate tendency of human pluripotent stem cells to form neural tissue.

Adult stem cells: They have less flexibility and «stemness» to change into different cell types, but they can still produce new cells, specialized to become part of a particular organ or tissue, such as muscle cells or neural cells.

In 1992, for instance, the Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, an office of the U.S. Food and Drug Administration, sent a letter to all manufacturers of dietary supplements asking them to «investigate the source of your neural and glandular tissues or tissue extracts of bovine or ovine species to determine if they are being produced in known BSE countries.»

«Calcium signaling regulates many important cellular functions, like muscle contraction, neural communication, gene transcription and tissue growth,» said Fenfang Li, a postdoctoral research fellow in Zhong's laboratory and lead author of the study.

The team detected neural tissue, cartilage, and liver cells in the areas of the scaffold where corresponding hormones had been applied.

They found that the genomic regions showing the most extreme signatures were involved in the development of the neural crest, and expressed within tissues derived from the neural crest.

Even more encouraging, the engineered tissues still continued to produce human neural, cartilage, and liver cell proteins, the team reports online this week in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.

In their new paper, Zhang and colleagues used an AI - based convolutional neural network to review more than 200,000 eye scans conducted with optical coherence tomography, a noninvasive technology that bounces light off the retina to create two - and three - dimensional representations of tissue.

They also hope to use what they learn from simple models of different tissue types to ultimately build functional human tissues like lung and kidney and neural circuits using larger - scale techniques.

In addition, we were able to differentiate these cells into neurons — and that's a characteristic of all neural crest - derived tissue and its progenitors»

During the spring and summer of 2009, Annese and his collaborators tinkered with the equipment needed to dissect H. M.'s neural tissue into precise slices.

The team found that people have large numbers of neural stem cells and progenitors early in life — an average of 1618 young neurons per square millimeter of brain tissue at birth.

But Redmond says that only 43 of these fetuses were even of the correct age (between 7 and 12 weeks) to provide tissue for neural transplants.

Working with the brains of six normal children and seven autistic children ages 2 to 16, most of whom died of drowning, Courchesne has studied neurons under the microscope and even counted the number of neural cells in different tissue samples.

In the near future, the researchers hope to grow mini-brains from the stem cells to observe the long - term effects of Zika infection on neural tissue and to screen for potential therapeutics.

Eugene Redmond, director of Yale University's neural transplant programme, says that tissue from almost all miscarriages and ectopic pregnancies is unusable.

Several years ago, one of the students in Verma's lab noticed that BRCA1 is very active in the neuroectoderm, a sliver of embryonic tissue containing neural stem cells that divide and differentiate into the brain's vast assortment of cell types and structures.

Neural stem cell lines derived from human fetal brain tissue achieved the same feats, the researchers report in the October issue of Nature Neuroscience.

In mice and humans alike, the cerebral cortex — the outermost layer of brain tissue associated with high - level functions such as memory and decision - making — starts out as a spherical sheet of tissue made up of only neural stem cells.

The researchers also analyzed samples of human neural tissue from embryos that had been stored by a hospital pathologist..