mtDNA sequences from the 166 individuals were aligned with published sequences from 17 additional individuals, resolving 52 unique
haplotypes from a consensus length of 410 bp.
Haplotypes in clade A included all individuals sampled in southern California, plus
some haplotypes from northern California.
«Assembly - based structural variation and
haplotypes from targeted sub-Megabase DNA molecules»
Their content is optimized for genetic mapping in the Collaborative Cross and Diveristy Outbred populations; for discriminating
haplotypes from common laboratory strains and substrains; and for evaluating the ancestry of wild - caught mice.
By identifying
haplotypes from single - molecule reads, the authors were able to construct phylogenetic trees of the leukemic cells in a single patient, something that could only be done on the 454 platform.
This requires the development of powerful bioinformatic approaches that allow prediction of
haplotypes from numerous variants, and the classification of haplotypes into functionally related categories, in order to identify those specific sequence variants, or combinations of variants, associated with the disease phenotype.
Not exact matches
By linking the Y chromosome lineages with genealogical information derived
from written records, the researchers say it's now possible to define Y
haplotypes for certain founder stallions.
Apart
from a few private Northern European
haplotypes, all modern horse breeds included in the study clustered into a roughly 700 - year - old haplogroup, transmitted to Europe by the import of Oriental stallions, they report.
The D1
haplotype likely developed after early humans moved into the area
from elsewhere in Asia.
The new money should spur collaborations between scientists
from Canada and other countries; the
haplotype map project, for example, also involves significant contributions
from the United States and the United Kingdom.
Professor Sherwin, of the UNSW School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, said the advantageous mutation then spread rapidly through the population, with the proportion of birds carrying
Haplotype H increasing
from 17 per cent to 47 per cent during the five years of the study.
Right now, researchers must
haplotype by analyzing genetic material
from large families, or in their absence track gene frequencies in lots of individuals, a statistical process that is «prone to error,» says geneticist Andrew Collins of Southampton University in the United Kingdom.
In 2010, Lo showed that with both parents»
haplotypes known, it would be possible to predict the child's genome
from the DNA in an expectant mom's blood.
The alleles in question were found on two different
haplotypes — a set of alleles inherited by an individual
from a single parent — in unrelated individuals.
HXH appeared homozygous for the dog - like
haplotype at all but one of these 18 loci, and thus was often indistinguishable
from most modern dogs.
We also performed the first example of cross validation using complementary CC resources to verify the effect of sperm curvilinear velocity
from the PWK / PhJ
haplotype on chromosome 2 in an independent population across multiple generations.
Mendez et al. identify a Y chromosome
haplotype that has not been characterized before and, with more work, they determine that it is nearly identical to a small group of Y chromosomes
from Cameroon.
Inferring demographic history
from a spectrum of shared
haplotype lengths.
Variations in this marker allowed them to determine which two of the parents» four genes were passed on to children suffering
from ADHD, a technique known as
haplotype - based
haplotype relative risk analysis.
We also looked at gene expression in B - cell lymphomas, comparing samples
from individuals with risk or non-risk
haplotypes.
Inferring demographic history
from a spectrum of shared
haplotype lengths Harris, K. and R. Nielsen.
«Seven out of eight ES cell lines derived
from (parthenogenetic) embryos after MRT (spindle transfer) showed no or very low persistence of the mtDNA
haplotype that was carried over with the nuclear DNA.
Hirano, Egli and colleagues have shown that in unusual cases, stem cell clones derived
from MR eggs can show substantial drift towards the donors mtDNA
haplotype after low level mtDNA carryover during the MR procedure.
Omics techniques employed in our group range
from whole genome sequencing and epigenomic techniques, to single cell / single strand DNA sequencing (Strand - seq; see Figure 1), the latter of which enables
haplotype - resolved studies of genetic variation and genome instability.
The deCODE team, working with doctors and researchers at Iceland's National University Hospital and the Icelandic Heart Association, identified the PDE4D gene and significant
haplotypes by analyzing detailed genotypic data
from some 1800 participants in its stroke program, both patients and unaffected relatives,
from across Iceland.
On further culture or after subcloning this ES cell line at various times (passages), this particular mtDNA
haplotype showed essentially random drift, with cells carrying anything
from 0 to 100 %.
The Y - chromosome
haplotype reconstructed for CGG10023 was distinct
from those Y - chromosome
haplotypes present in the modern horses, supporting previous hypotheses that domestication was associated with a significant loss of Y - chromosomal diversity (12, 26).
We have identified a Y - chromosomal lineage that is unusually frequent in northeastern China and Mongolia, in which a
haplotype cluster defined by 15 Y short tandem repeats was carried by approximately 3.3 % of the males sampled
from East Asia.
A machine - learning methodology (decision - tree induction) allows to induce generalized pharmacogenomic translation models
from known
haplotype — tables that are able to infer the metabolizer status of individuals
from their genotype profiles.
We developed a new approach to sequence generation for targeted base updates and used data
from new genome mapping technologies and single
haplotype resources to identify and resolve larger assembly issues.
Beta - Globin
Haplotypes and Alpha - Thalassemia 3.7 kb Deletion in Sickle Cell Disease Patients
From the Occidental Brazilian Amazon
We describe βS and βC
haplotypes and α - thalassemia 3.7 kb genotypes
from SCD patients Fundacao Hospitalar de Hematologia e Hemoterapia do Amazonas, Manaus, AM.
199/3: 15 Imputation of rare variants
from the new
Haplotype Reference Consortium identifies associations missed by 1000 Genomes.
The genes were identified through population - and genome - wide linkage scans and association analyses of at - risk
haplotypes utilizing genetic and clinical data
from the 17,000 participants in deCODE's obesity program in Iceland.
9,961 individuals
from the UK Household Longitudinal Study were genotyped using the Illumina HumanCoreExome array and variants imputed to the 1000 Genomes Project and UK10K
haplotypes.
Haplotype dimorphism in a SNP collection
from Drosophila melanogaster K. Teeter, M. Naeemuddin, R. Gasperini, E. Zimmerman, K.P. White, R. Hoskins and G. Gibson J. Expt.
We define these cases as distinct
from instances of selection on standing introgressed variation (SI), in which an introgressed
haplotype initially segregated neutrally and subsequently underwent positive selection.
DBA / 1 and DBA / 2 differ at a large number of loci (including the MHC H2
haplotype) which is most likely results
from residual heterozygosity in the strain when the substrains were separated.
As a consequence, the possibility has been raised that admixture did occur, but the early Europeans of modern anatomy were not too different genetically
from Neandertals, or else that most Neandertal
haplotypes were lost through a process of lineage sorting, i.e. by genetic drift [5].
Haplotypes are particular DNA sequences that are inherited entirely
from a dog's mom (maternal) or dad (paternal).
No genes that produce abnormal proteins were found, but instead the elevated risk appears to come
from groups of tightly - linked DNA sequences called «
haplotypes» that regulate the expression of protein - coding genes.
Part of the large A1a haplogroup, this
haplotype is found in village dogs
from across the globe (outside of Asia).
In this project, we proposed to characterize
haplotypes, in over 1200 dogs
from 50 pure AKC breeds using DNA sequencing.
Paternal
haplotypes were determined
from the 44 male dogs in the group based upon a panel of six Y - STR markers, including 650.79.2, 990.35.4, MS34A, MS34B, MS41A, and MS41B [21, 22].
The populations that were tested evolved
from one major and three minor paternal
haplotypes and three major and two minor maternal
haplotypes.
Therefore, the maternal
haplotypes seen in English bulldogs support the general belief that English bulldogs evolved
from Mastiff - type dogs crossed with brachycephalic breeds such as the Pug [1].
Doing a genetic test and subsequently eliminating an individual
from the breeding population may not be the best strategy, as by targeting a particular allele at one genetic locus for removal
from the gene pool of a particular breed, breeders may in fact increase allele frequency of genetic variants on alternative
haplotypes at the same, or a different locus, that are recessively deleterious.
The odds ratio of dogs with a risk
haplotype being aggressive to humans compared with those having a protective
haplotype varied
from 4.4 to 9.0.
The same
haplotypes were recovered
from both sequencing methods indicating no sequencing method bias.
The northern islands had nine closely related
haplotypes while the southern islands had five
haplotypes that were more distant
from each other (Fig. 2).