The decision in May 2009 to raise U.S. auto fuel efficiency standards 40 percent by 2016 will reduce U.S. dependence on oil far more than converting the country's entire grain
harvest into ethanol could.
The combination of population growth, rising affluence, and the conversion of one third of the U.S. grain
harvest into ethanol to fuel cars is expanding the world demand for grain by a record 43 million tons per year, double the annual growth of a decade ago.
Not exact matches
Corn is increasingly being used to convert
into ethanol in the U.S. and in high demand in China where it it used to feed
into the meat industry, and it has yet to be seen how this year's significant loss in
harvest will impact grain use across the globe.
After crunching the numbers, Vogel and his colleagues found that
ethanol produced from switchgrass yields 540 % of the energy used to grow,
harvest, and process it
into ethanol.
But making that dream a reality could harm local environments and would require developing new technology to
harvest, process and convert such plant material
into biofuels such as
ethanol.
Almost any organic matter — from the leftover corn stalks after
harvest to garbage to grass to sawdust — has cellulose that can be fermented
into ethanol.
But even if the entire U.S. grain
harvest were turned
into ethanol, it would only satisfy 18 percent of current gasoline demand.
In fact, over the entire life cycle of growing and
harvesting crops, turning them
into fuel, transporting and using them in vehicles,
ethanol and biodiesel emit as much CO2 as petroleum — and require infinitely more acreage.
Suddenly investments in U.S. corn - based
ethanol distilleries became hugely profitable, unleashing an investment frenzy that will convert one fourth of the 2009 U.S. grain
harvest into fuel for cars.
Led by Abolghasem Shabazi, the work centers around
harvesting cattails from hog - waste lagoons, drying them and processing them
into ethanol.
But instead of leaving it there, you
harvest the corn and convert it
into ethanol, an energy intensive process, and use the remaining carbon in the
ethanol as a replacement for gasoline carbon.