In order to be warmed sufficiently
have liquid water at the surface, an Earth - type rocky planet would have to be located very close to such a cool and dim red dwarf star like CD - 51 5974.
For an Earth - type planet around HD 189733 A to
have liquid water at its surface, it would need a stable orbit centered around 0.5 AU — between the orbital distances of Mercury and Venus in the Solar System (with an orbital period around 150 days assuming a stellar mass around 82 percent of Sol's.
«The separation between the planet and its star is just right for
having liquid water at its surface,» says astronomer and team spokesperson Stephane Udry of the Observatory of Geneva in Versoix, Switzerland.
«These discoveries demonstrate life developed on Earth at a time when Mars and Earth
had liquid water at their surfaces,» said Dodd.
Not exact matches
Science claims «Goldiclocks Zones», where the universe just happens to
have a rule that evolution of life can only happen
at specific temperature ranges where
liquid water is possible.
For example, what of his contention that, given the unbeneficial properties of
water, God should
have created a thirst - quenching
liquid with different properties or not created humans in such a way that
water is needed
at all?
When thoroughly chilled, being careful not to shake, open up the two cans of straight coconut milk and (depending on whether you
have opened the can with the cream or
liquid layer
at the top) either tip off the coconut
water into a glass and scoop out the coconut cream that is left into a bowl, or scoop the coconut cream off the top to a bowl and pour the leftover coconut
water into a glass (save the coconut
water to drink or put in a smoothie).
After prep proceed to cook Aroborio rice in the usual way until it becomes the creamy Risotto we know and love: Sauté shallot in butter for just a few seconds / Add 2 C of rice and cook together for 1 minute / Add wine and cook until it nearly disappears, another minute or so / Season lightly now with salt & pepper, and adjust when risotto is nearly finished / Add about half of the lemon zest and juice / Stir in simmering
liquid 1/2 C
at a time until it just covers the rice / Allow rice to simmer, uncovered, with occasional stirring until broth
has «disappeared» into the rice, then add more
liquid until rice is barely covered again and stir / Proceed in this manner until rice is tender and creamy, about half an hour / Heat up additional broth or
water if a little more is needed / When rice is tender or nearly so, adjust seasoning, add seafood, if any, and the rest of the lemon / Cook just a few more minutes until seafood is done / I like risotto «juicy» so I stop cooking while there's still plenty of
liquid present / Optional: stir in 2 T of butter / Garnish with fresh herbs like cilantro, dill or parsley, a slice of lemon.
I
would definitely
at more
liquid (stock,
water) to this soup next time I make it as it was a little too thick for my taste.
I'm only just now about to try this recipe, but my guess is that you could thicken it with a little corn starch (or, corn starch + cold
water shaken up etc.) in a sauce pan to make a glaze / sauce for the starch or veggie of your choice, but I'm not sure how much to use per
liquid — probably the general rule of «a little
at a time» if that isn't something you
'd find frustrating.
I think I
had my heat turned up too high for the first 2 hrs as most of my
liquid was gone
at that point and I
had to add in some extra
water to keep the bottom from burning.
For the amount of
water, 1.5 — 2 L of
water would be sufficient... but different amounts of
water might end up getting boiled away or steamed away, so then you could add a couple of cups of boiling
water, one
at a time to make up for the loss in
liquid.
Feel free to substitute some rye or whole wheat flour for some of the white flour; you may
have to adjust the
water a little because all flours absorb
liquids at a different rate.
Increasing the amount of cashews might work here - I
'd guess
at somewhere around 3/4 cup, plus a little extra
liquid - non dairy milk or
water.
Well I really altered this recipe to fit my ingredients and was looking for a way to cook the turnip greens Used 4 boneless chicken thighs that were browned in olive oil, butter, pressed fresh garlic, salt, pepper, basil and fresh parsley and then added 2 cup
water to brought to boil then removed chicken and cut into pieces Measure
liquid left and add enough to make 3 1/2 cup
liquid Add turnip greens and chicken plus salt and brought back to boil then simmered for 20 minutes I
had used the turnips for another meal so I added tricolor carrots, organic coconut sugar, organic unpasteurized unfiltered Apple cider vinegar, and salt let cooked for 10 minutes
at med low (slow boil) Then I reduced the heat and added the apples for the last 10 minutes It was absolutely delicious and very flavorful.
Directions: Cut in half and seed squash, place flesh side down on parchment covered roasting pan with a 1/2 — 1 C
water / Roast
at 350º until fork tender — usually 30 to 40 minutes / When cool, scoop cooked squash from skin and spoon straight into the soup pot / While squash is roasting, sauté onion in olive oil for 5 minutes, add garlic and cook for 2 more minutes / Add apples, apple juice, turmeric, curry and / or chili paste, stir together and cook briefly, a minute or so / Add cooked squash and 2 quarts of the stock or
water / Stir to mix / Simmer slowly with lid on for 30 minutes, stirring occasionally / Taste and adjust seasoning and cooking time as needed / / Remaining
liquid is added after soup
has been blended.
Cook the rice over high heat for 10 minutes, or until the
water is almost absorbed, then move to a cooler part of the grill and cook
at a gentle simmer over low heat for another 10 minutes, or until the rice
has absorbed all of the
liquid.
Using your hands, massage cucumbers, gently
at first and more firmly as you go, until all
liquid has been expelled, draining
water from bowl as you go.
«The beauty of
having dry mustard in your kitchen cabinet is that you can make it up
at a moment's notice,» said Sheela Kadam, who recommends combining equal parts of Colman's dry mustard and a
liquid such as
water, wine, vinegar, beer, milk, or cream, then letting the mixture stand for ten minutes, for the full flavor to develop, before using it.
At the time of birth you may
have heard people say that their «
water broke», it simply means that this said
liquid is being drained.
• filled them up with LOTS of
liquid... juice boxes,
water, popsicles, etc. so that they were OFTEN feeling the urge to use the potty • set a timer so they were sitting on the potty
at least every hour (every time they
would successfully use the potty I
would reset the timer)
It's recycling
at it's best I don't know if they
would work for everything that you use
liquid water colors for, but I often use it as a substitute in my preschool class.
When the researchers shined a laser on
water, pairs of photons that emerged from the
liquid at the same time tended to
have complementary energies.
They also
have to be
at the right distance from this small cool star to allow
water to be in
liquid form.
The Outer Core Made of molten iron, nickel, and other ingredients yet to be determined, the churning
liquid outer core may
have the viscosity of
water, streaming
at possibly one to several miles per week with the turbulence of a gargantuan, slow - moving washing machine.
The chemical evidence for hydrated minerals
at Gale Crater and elsewhere means
water is definitely the top contender — although one team member likes to joke that, for all we know, the
liquid could
have been beer.
But when it comes to a climate that's suitable for
liquid water, M dwarf planets
have plenty of hurdles, says James Kasting, a geophysicist
at Penn State.
Physicists
have suspected that such anomalous properties stem from a dual personality;
water, they propose, really
has two
liquid phases
at low temperatures: a high - density
liquid (HDL) and a low - density
liquid (LDL).
If AFPs bound as easily to
liquid water as they do to ice, this lifesaving action could turn killer, as animals
would quickly dehydrate, says Matthew Blakeley
at the Laue - Langevin Institute in Grenoble, France.
Now, a group of researchers
has observed another strange property of
water: a strikingly dense form that may confirm a theory that
water has two
liquid phases
at low temperatures, in addition to the
liquid phase that comes out of your kitchen tap.
A planet's habitable zone is based on its distance from the sun and temperatures
at which it is possible for the planet to
have liquid water.
A team of University of Texas
at Arlington chemists and engineers
have proven that concentrated light, heat and high pressures can drive the one - step conversion of carbon dioxide and
water directly into useable
liquid hydrocarbon fuels.
THINKING OUTSIDE THE GOLDILOCKS ZONE The hunt for extraterrestrial life
has long focused on planets
at a just - right distance from alien stars, where
liquid water can exist on a planet's surface.
Measurements of the shape of this feature tell scientists that Charon's
water ice layer may
have been
at least partially
liquid in its early history, and
has since refrozen.
NASA's twin Mars Exploration Rovers
have discovered evidence that
liquid water once flowed,
at least fitfully, on the Red Planet's surface (ScienceNOW, 13 December 2006).
Findings published today in the journal Astrobiology reveal the habitable lifetime of planet Earth - based on our distance from the sun and temperatures
at which it is possible for the planet to
have liquid water.
Specifically,
liquid CO2 is heavier than the
water above it
at 8,850 feet (2,700 meters) or more under the surface, meaning any leaks
would never bubble back into the atmosphere.
At the same time, distal portion of the surface could
have retained
liquid water.
Braden explains this
would result in a phase transition, a change similar to how
water changes from
liquid to gas
at its boiling point — only for the entire universe.
The dim star TRAPPIST - 1 hosts seven rocky worlds,
at least three of which may
have liquid water and atmospheres.
But this past August, when scientists reported observing
water from a hydrothermal vent acting like a
liquid and a gas simultaneously
at 867 °F, nature
had thrown them for a loop.
The twin Mars Exploration rovers
have encountered minerals
at two widely separated locations that could
have formed only in the presence of
liquid water.
Here is a look
at where humankind's many Mars landers
have touched down, and where the planet betrays a history of all - important
liquid water.
The hot little planet may
have liquid water anyway, Charbonneau said: its density is consistent with a
water - heavy makeup, plus a crushing atmosphere whose pressure
would allow
water to remain
liquid at high temperatures.
Since life originated on the earth in a span much shorter than the present age of the earth, we
have additional evidence that the origin of life
has a high probability,
at least on planets with an abundant supply of hydrogen - rich gases,
liquid water and sources of energy.
Ever since the first exoplanet was discovered in 1996, astronomers
have been scanning the heavens for another Earth: a rocky planet orbiting its star
at just the right distance for it to harbor
liquid water and thus, potentially, life.
It's as if the quarks and gluons (or
liquid water molecules)
have to stop
at that temperature and pay a toll before they can gain the energy needed to escape as QGP (or steam).
Bandi and his colleagues worked from a mathematical model developed by Brown University professor, Shreyas Mandre, which predicts how a
liquid like
water interacts with a surfactant — a
liquid like soap or detergent, which
have lower surface tension, introduced
at its surface.
Climate models suggest that our planet should
have been frozen over
at the time, yet there is geological evidence for
liquid water aplenty — a disparity that planetary scientists
have dubbed the faint young sun paradox.
Venus may
have had a shallow
liquid -
water ocean and habitable surface temperatures for up to 2 billion years of its early history, according to computer modeling of the planet's ancient climate by scientists
at NASA's Goddard Institute for Space Studies (GISS) in New York.