But evidence is mounting that the moon may
have liquid water beneath its surface, a potential habitat for life.
Not exact matches
Jupiter's largest moon, Ganymede,
has solidified its membership in the growing cadre of solar system locales where
liquid water flows
beneath the surface.
In the 1990s the Galileo space probe collected convincing evidence that Jupiter's large moon Europa
has a global ocean of
liquid water beneath its frozen surface.
Enceladus, Europa, Ganymede, Titan, Triton, Pluto, Eris... they may all
have, or
have had, large oceans of
liquid water trapped
beneath a frozen crust.
Schimdt
has found evidence that warm ocean currents and convective forces
beneath Europa's frozen shell can cause large blocks of ice to overturn and melt, bringing vast pockets of
water, sometimes holding as much
liquid as all of the Great Lakes combined, to within several kilometers of the moon's icy surface.
The prime target of NASA's orbiter is Jupiter's moon Europa, which is thought to
have an ocean of
liquid water beneath its icy shell.
A microbe found on Earth
has been shown to survive happily in conditions known to exist on Enceladus, which
has a
liquid water ocean
beneath its icy crust.
The research shows that volcanic eruptions
beneath a glacial ice sheet
would have created substantial amounts of
liquid water on Mars's surface around 210 million years ago.
Heat from a volcano erupting
beneath an immense glacier
would have created large lakes of
liquid water on Mars in the relatively recent past.
Mission scientists
have determined that this stuff is coming from a huge ocean of
liquid water beneath the satellite's shell — and that this ocean may be capable of supporting life as we know it.
Chuck Booth wrote: «The existence of lakes
beneath Antarctic ice is nothing new — this
has been known for decades... What is new, and newsworthy, is that the extensive system of
liquid water under the ice may provide a better understanding of ice sheet dynamics»
Analysis of data also shows that Ceres
has a
water - ice mantle surrounding a rocky core, and that there may still be at least pockets of
liquid water beneath the surface, raising the prospect of potential habitability for microorganisms, as seemingly unlikely as that may sound for a world so far from the Sun.
Among the potential technological tools of the mission is a super-heated drill that
would land on the moon's frozen surface and burrow through approximately 15 miles of frozen
water, reaching the massive store of
liquid water beneath.
Water ice and perhaps liquid water occur beneath the frozen surfaces of three of Jupiter's moons, although currently none have free surface wa
Water ice and perhaps
liquid water occur beneath the frozen surfaces of three of Jupiter's moons, although currently none have free surface wa
water occur
beneath the frozen surfaces of three of Jupiter's moons, although currently none
have free surface
waters.
Europa
has long been a high priority for exploration because it holds a salty
liquid water ocean
beneath its icy crust.
KAMUELA, Hawaii — With data collected from the mighty W. M. Keck Observatory, California Institute of Technology (Caltech) astronomer Mike Brown — known as the Pluto killer for discovering a Kuiper - belt object that led to the demotion of Pluto from planetary status — and Kevin Hand from the Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL)
have found the strongest evidence yet that salty
water from the vast
liquid ocean
beneath Europa's frozen exterior actually makes its way to the surface.
However, there is evidence that some may
have layers of
liquid water beneath their icy crusts.
Many scientists believe Europa could be a good place to look for extraterrestrial life because it
has an ocean of
liquid water beneath its icy surface.
«We found that tidal heating can be a tipping point that may
have preserved oceans of
liquid water beneath the surface of large TNOs like Pluto and Eris to the present day,» said Wade Henning of NASA Goddard and the University of Maryland, College Park, a co-author of the study.
The Cassini mission revealed that Enceladus
has a hotspot at its south pole and propels geysers of ice crystals from its surface, indicating to scientists that
liquid water likely exists
beneath its surface.
So on condensation, under the still rising hotter lighter air carrying on doing its thing and perhaps adding new layers, there
would be the accompanying volume and temperature decrease of that first previously rising lighter volume now heavier
liquid water and added to by the adjacent volumes of heavier colder air flowing
beneath the still rising lighter hotter and into the space now available on condensation of its neighbour, which all now being heavier will increase the pressure at the surface as they all sink together displacing the lighter.