The implications of neighborhood effects for knowledge advancement and public
health interventions remain unclear.
Not exact matches
Such small successes do not disguise the fact that obesity
remains a huge public
health problem that seems immune to every
intervention.
The research suggests that minority - serving hospitals
remain an important and vital component of the
health care system and may benefit greatly from
interventions such as raising Medicaid reimbursement rates.
This could be done by improving prevention efforts and creating new
interventions, and by improving early detection and management of the disease to help more people
remain in good
health so that they can continue to work,» says Professor Atun.
But the risk to public
health remains, and
interventions are still needed, such as ongoing monitoring that tracks Zika and other infectious diseases in pregnancy, says Denise Jamieson, an obstetrician gynecologist at Emory University School of Medicine in Atlanta.
While direct investments in
interventions that matter for child nutrition appear to be critical, the need for a more systematic and rigorous analysis of what specific
health - related
interventions would yield the greatest return
remains to be conducted, say the authors.
«The challenge
remains to translate existing and future knowledge into
interventions to improve social relationships for the benefit of physical and mental
health,» wrote Dunkel Schetter, of the University of California, Los Angeles.
In their paper published in Frontiers in Immunology, British researchers noted that, «There is considerable evidence for the effectiveness of mind - body
interventions in improving mental and physical
health, but the molecular mechanisms of these benefits
remain poorly understood.»
Although short - term randomized clinical trials have shown a beneficial effect of high protein intake, 3,4,20,21 the long - term
health consequences of protein intake
remain controversial.8,9,22 - 25 In a randomized clinical trial with a 2 - year
intervention, 4 calorie - restricted diets with different macronutrient compositions did not show a difference in the effects on weight loss or on improvement of lipid profiles and insulin levels.26 When protein is substituted for other macronutrients, the dietary source of protein appears to be a critical determinant of the outcome.
One evaluation conducted in Queensland, Australia, reported moderate reductions in depressive symptoms for mothers in the
intervention group at the six - week follow - up.89 A subsequent follow - up, however, suggested that these benefits were not long lasting, as the depression effects had diminished by one year.90 Similarly, Healthy Families San Diego identified reductions in depression symptoms among program mothers during the first two years, but these effects, too, had diminished by year three.91 In Healthy Families New York, mothers at one site (that was supervised by a clinical psychologist) had lower rates of depression at one year (23 percent treatment vs. 38 percent controls).92 The Infant
Health and Development program also demonstrated decreases in depressive symptoms after one year of home visiting, as well as at the conclusion of the program at three years.93 Among Early Head Start families, maternal depressive symptoms
remained stable for the program group during the study and immediately after it ended, but decreased just before their children entered kindergarten.94 No program effects were found for maternal depression in the Nurse - Family Partnership, Hawaii Healthy Start, Healthy Families Alaska, or Early Start programs.
There have been calls for
intervention and counseling programs to help families that have been affected by parental alienation, 4 and there
remains a great need to further understand how alienation affects the psychological
health of the parents themselves.
Psychological distress
remains high among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples, with limited mental
health support services in rural and regional areas and a lack of culturally relevant early
intervention programs both contributing to higher rates of depression, anxiety and suicide.
Although mindfulness - enhancing
interventions reduce pathological mental and physical
health symptoms across a wide variety of conditions and diseases, the mechanisms underlying these effects
remain unknown.
Despite achievements, the concern that Indigenous people have been over-researched without corresponding improvements in their
health remains.40 Most commonly, the solution has concentrated on calls to shift from an overemphasis on descriptive research to more
intervention research.
Early
intervention to increase maternal adjustment and decrease emotional distress should
remain a priority in facilitating the most optimal maternal and child
health outcomes.