The cause of Huntington's disease has been known since 1993, but the physical structure of
the healthy huntingtin protein proved difficult to discover until now.
The VCP inside mitochondria only interacted with mutant, but not
healthy huntingtin protein.
Not exact matches
When the
huntingtin gene is deleted at an age older than four months, these mice appeared to stay
healthy, despite having lost their
huntingtin genes in cells all over their bodies.
That means a
healthy parent whose
huntingtin gene encodes proteins with 35 repeats may produce a child with 36 repeats.
Next, Grima looked at cell death in cultured neurons with a
healthy or a mutant form of
Huntingtin, or with a mutant form of
Huntingtin that was treated with small amounts of an experimental drug called KPT - 350, one that prevents a nuclear export protein, Exportin - 1, from shuttling proteins and RNA out of the nucleus.
To further explore nuclear transport's role in Huntington's disease, Grima took lab - grown mouse neurons and used chemical switches to a) turn on both an additional
healthy copy of the RanGAP1 gene and a mutant version of
Huntingtin; b) just turn on the mutant
Huntingtin; or c) just turn on a
healthy version of
Huntingtin.
Neurons with the
healthy version of
Huntingtin had about 18 percent die off, and neurons with the mutant version of
Huntingtin had about 38 percent die off.
Researchers recently inactivated the
huntingtin gene in
healthy adult mice of different ages.
That's not what we expect when patients are given
huntingtin - lowering drugs, which might produce around 50 - 75 % reductions in the mutant and
healthy protein.