Sentences with phrase «heavier elements»

When Fermi bombarded uranium with neutrons, he reported that uranium was transmuted into heavier elements, which he investigated in detail.

All heavier elements like carbon, nitrogen, and oxygen were created much later in the hot nuclear furnaces of stars.

The fusion of iron into heavier elements actually uses energy rather than giving it off, so when iron begins to fuse, the star's outer layers lose their support and begin to fall inward [source: Nave].

This is very surprising and it tells us that ordinary galaxies were enriched with heavier elements far faster than expected,» explains Darach Watson, an astrophysicist with the Dark Cosmology Centre at the Niels Bohr Institute at the University of Copenhagen.

With still enough mass and pressure to fuse carbon and produce other heavier elements, it gradually becomes layered like an onion with the bulkiest tiers at its center.

All the heavier elements were created by fusion inside stars and then expelled back into space.

Sir Fred Hoyle, the late astrophysicist acclaimed for developing the theory of how stars forge hydrogen and helium into the heavier elements found throughout the universe, did not get the credit he deserved for a 1954 paper that outlined the idea, because he failed to spell out a key equation, a former colleague says.

Stars born after many generations have heavier elements in greater abundance than do older ones.

Made entirely of hydrogen and helium, these stars produced heavier elements in the process of consuming their fuel and ultimately died in explosions that spewed out the newly forged elements into interstellar space.

Long before descending into scientific infamy, Hoyle made what should have been a lasting contribution with a 1954 Astrophysical Journal paper laying out a process by which stars heavier than 10 suns would burn hydrogen and helium at their cores into heavier elements through a progressively hotter series of nuclear fusion reactions.

When massive stars explode as supernovae, they disperse the heavier elements they have built into space, where they become the building blocks of the next generation of stars.

New stars that form out of this debris will then contain heavier elements too, while stars born in globular clusters will not be similarly enriched.

Cosmic rays are charged particles, mainly atomic nuclei of hydrogen, helium and some other heavier elements, that constantly bombard Earth.

Supernova explosions blew these heavier elements into interstellar space, where they mixed with clouds of primordial hydrogen and helium and were recycled into subsequent generations of stars.

When the hydrogen runs out, the star's core collapses in on itself, contracting until it becomes hot enough to burn its own ashes — the core now fuses helium into the heavier elements carbon and oxygen.

Take a gigantic cloud of hydrogen laced with traces of heavier elements, let a star or two coalesce in the center and stir the remainder just enough for a protoplanetary disk to form.

Production of boron at the time of the big bang, around 15 billion years ago, would have been the first step in the creation of heavier elements.

These liberated heavier elements, which astronomers call «metals» (even oxygen is a metal in astronomer - speak), contaminated the hydrogen and helium drifting between the stars.

Stars fuse the hydrogen and helium present in the early universe into heavier elements such as iron.

Heavier elements — including nitrogen, oxygen, iron, carbon and more — were forged in the nuclear furnaces at the cores of those first stars, then spewed into interstellar space when the stars exploded.

Stars that contain a lot of heavier elements, like our sun, shed a lot of that mass over their lives.

Starting in 2007, they will search for even heavier elements, some of which are predicted to live for several hours.

A team of astronomers has found a gas cloud that existed when the universe was 13 % of its current age that appears to be made of the pristine gas produced in the big bang but with just a wisp of heavier elements: 1/3000 of the level in our solar system.

It had been thought that heavier elements are forged during supernova explosions, but computer simulations of the process didn't always produce the proportions of these elements seen in nature.

The earliest stars are thought to have been massive, short - lived balls of hydrogen and helium, whereas their offspring incorporated heavier elements formed in the first generation's explosive demise.

With masses a hundred times or more that of our sun, they burned hot and fast, forging hydrogen into heavier elements in their fusion furnaces then spewing them out into space when they exploded at the end of their lives.

The prevailing explanation for LIGO's bulky black holes is that they form from very massive stars that are also quite pristine, composed almost entirely of hydrogen and helium with scarcely any heavier elements at all.

Astronomers would particularly like to know when heavier elements like carbon and nitrogen first started appearing in large quantities.

In the meantime, the hunt for heavier elements, and the first entry of the eighth row, continues.

Planets had been thought of as latecomers to the cosmic party, created a long time after galaxies and stars and only when heavier elements, like carbon and silicon, had accumulated in the universe.

Cooling requires heavier elements that didn't exist then.

In this scenario, some of the stars in the bulge might be younger, with their chemical composition enriched in heavier elements expelled from the death of previous generations of stars, and they should show a different motion compared to the older stars.

Stars richer in elements heavier than hydrogen and helium have less disordered motions, but are orbiting around the galactic center faster than older stars that are deficient in heavier elements.

Thus many of the heavier elements found in typical later - born stars like the sun were actually forged by stars of an earlier generation.

The cloud consists of ionized gas, or plasma, and contains the elements hydrogen, helium, and oxygen, along with heavier elements that were generated during the blast itself.

For instance, the experiment has already yielded fresh data on cross-sections — the likelihood that speeding nuclei will hit each other and fuse into heavier elements — says Mordecai - Mark Mac Low, an astrophysicist at the American Museum of Natural History in New York.

Stars derive their energy from nuclear reactions in which the nuclei of light elements fuse to make heavier elements.

Although the new element has an extremely short half - life, researchers are spurred on by the prospect that heavier elements may be more stable.

As stars age, they fuse together heavier and heavier elements, forging helium from hydrogen, carbon from helium and so on up the periodic table to iron.

Carbon, oxygen, iron, and the like had to wait for stars — especially the massive ones — to form and create heavier elements via nuclear fusion.

Finding increasingly heavier elements could lead to the highly anticipated island of stability, a predicted group of massive but stable atoms.

The scarcity of heavier elements suggests that the cloud houses the remains of the universe's first stars, John O'Meara reported January 8 at a meeting of the American Astronomical Society.

This surprise, combined with the water abundance allowed to infer the presence of large amount of heavier elements in the atmosphere.

Then, the first stars appeared, and heavier elements (referred to as «metals,» meaning anything heavier than helium) were created by thermonuclear fusion reactions within stars.

The discovery in 1981 of silicon - silicon and silicon - carbon double bonds showed that nature had more tricks in store and inspired a long, arduous search for even more elaborate triple bonds among the heavier elements.

Sometimes, though, astronomers find a white dwarf that shows signs of heavier elements like silicon and iron in its light spectrum.

The production of heavier and heavier elements by subsequent generations of stars transformed the universe into a place where new and exotic objects could grow, including a rocky planet called Earth, and the life - forms that call it home.

This hot gas excited the cool, five - kilometer - per - second breeze of hydrogen molecules and heavier elements emanating from Mira, causing it to glow in the ultraviolet.

The hydrogen atoms fuse together into heavier and heavier elements and in the fusion process the star emits radiation in the form of light, that is, energy.

The star forges progressively heavier elements until iron is created.