Sentences with phrase «hemispheric surface»

global / hemispheric surface temperatures that cover all or significant portions of the last mil -

I took the hemispheric surface temperature data that were adjusted for ENSO and volcanoes and further adjusted them with the datasets that were intended to illustrate the secondary effects of ENSO.

Our examination does suggest that a slight modification to the original Mann et al. reconstruction is justfiable for the first half of the 15th century (∼ +0.05 — 0.10 º), which leaves entirely unaltered the primary conclusion of Mann et al. (as well as many other reconstructions) that both the 20th century upward trend and high late - 20th century hemispheric surface temperatures are anomalous over at least the last 600 years.

The image is projected onto a hemispheric surface and expands rapidly to fill the fly's visual field, simulating the approach of a predator.

Not exact matches

As we can see from the images, the wireless charger features portable hemispheric design, and its Qi wireless charging standard allows you to simply put your Google Nexus 4 on the flat surface for charging, while the angled surface provides you easy visibility of your Nexus 4.

The compilation of a hemispheric or global land surface data time series from irregularly distributed (in time and space) historical thermometer observations can never be «correct» in an absolute sense.

Proxy - based reconstructions of hemispheric and global surface temperature variations over the past two millennia Michael E. Mann, Zhihua Zhang, Malcolm K. Hughes, Raymond S. Bradley, Sonya K. Miller, Scott Rutherford, and Fenbiao Ni PNAS September 9, 2008 vol.

While the hemispheric asymmetries are slightly larger for aerosols, the overall surface pattern is quite similar to that for greenhouse gases (albeit with a different sign).

Here we show that the hemispheric differences in temperature trends in the middle of the twentieth century stem largely from a rapid drop in Northern Hemisphere sea surface temperatures of about 0.3 6C between about 1968 and 1972.

Using the empirical relationships between Greenland and the Northern Hemisphere surface air temperature data, we calculate that if Greenland was to become in phase with the hemispheric pattern, as it did after 1923, an additional 1.08 — 1.68 C warming would occur.

It is not enough to look at global or hemispheric means of surface temperature and note that the models are not that far from producing internal variability of the right magnitude — perhaps most existing models only do this once in a blue moon, but I can imagine increasing the variance at low frequencies by a factor of two, say, so that the required magnitude is achieved more frequently.

We further estimate that, in most northern hemispheric regions, these changes in the likelihood of extreme summer mean WBGT are roughly an order of magnitude larger than the corresponding changes in the likelihood of extreme hot summers as simply measured by surface air temperature.

Michael E. Mann, Zhihua Zhang, Malcolm K. Hughes, Raymond S. Bradley, Sonya K. Miller, Scott Rutherford, and Fenbiao Ni (2006) Proxy - based reconstructions of hemispheric and global surface temperature variations over the past two millennia PNAS 105 (36), 13252 - 13257.

Mann even showed the same hockey stick pattern * without * the tree ring proxies that some people had objected to: «Proxy - based reconstructions of hemispheric and global surface temperature variations over the past two millennia»

The standard deviation of the monthly MSU 2R anomalies has a much more zonally symmetric structure (Fig. 4 and Fig. 5) so that relative to the surface there is a much larger contribution from the northern oceans and a generally smaller contribution over land and near the equator to the hemispheric and global means.

Mann, M. E., Z. Zhang, M. K. Hughes, R. S. Bradley, S. K. Miller, S. Rutherford, and F. Ni, 2008: Proxy - based reconstructions of hemispheric and global surface temperature variations over the past two millennia.

Dating back into the late nineteenth century, the data coverage has been dense enough to reveal the existence of gradual changes in hemispheric - and global - mean surface temperature.

On the relationship between global, hemispheric and latitudinal averaged air surface temperature (GISS time series) and solar activity, Souza Echer et al, 10/2008; read more here.

Mann even showed the same hockey stick pattern * without * the tree ring proxies that many people had objected to: «Proxy - based reconstructions of hemispheric and global surface temperature variations over the past two millennia»

«The hemispheric - mean decline in winter ice extent is due in large part to increasing sea - surface temperatures in the Barents Sea and adjoining waters, which are consistent with increased concentrations of greenhouse gases.»

Global or hemispheric warming may also strongly impact Southwest drought indirectly through influences on global sea surface temperatures (SSTs) and ocean / atmosphere dynamics.

Comparison of empirical evidence with proxy - based reconstructions demonstrates that natural factors appear to explain relatively well the major surface temperature changes of the past millennium through the 19th century (including hemispheric means and some spatial patterns).

Correlation structures in surface temperature Another extension is to examine the lagged and cross-correlation structure of observed and simulated hemispheric mean temperature as in Wigley et al., (1998a).

Yamaha's sound projector line of products have been taking aim at surfaces from the front of the room to simulate traditional surround sound for some time now, but the Atmos channels lump in a «hemispheric» dimension for a whole new level of immersion.