Sentences with phrase «heterotrophic infauna»

Modeling of Bulk and Biofilm Heterotrophic Plate Count (HPC) in Pilot Distribution Systems Using Corrosion Inhibitors.

Evaluation of the Impacts of Corrosion Inhibitors on Bulk and Biofilm Heterotrophic Bacteria.

Benthic biofilms are composed of a community of photoautotrophic organisms, predominantly diatoms and cyanobacteria, together with heterotrophic microbes, bound together by an extracellular polymeric substance (EPS).

Specific areas of interest include, but are not limited to: biological, thermochemical, or thermocatalytic routes for the conversion of lignocellulosic biomass to advanced biofuels beyond cellulosic ethanol; microbial fuel cells for direct production of electricity from renewable carbon sources; hydrogen production from autotrophic or heterotrophic microorganisms; hydrocarbons and lipids from phototrophic or heterotrophic microorganisms.

It is, however, consistent with a previous global calculation f the heterotrophic soil flux 23, given the general heterotrophic contri - bution to RS (ref.

Hicks Pries CE, van Logtestijn RSP, Schuur EAG, Natali SM, Cornelissen JHC, Aerts R, Dorrepaal E (2015b) Decadal warming causes a consistent and persistent shift from heterotrophic to autotrophic respiration in contrasting permafrost ecosystems.

At least four key findings from these projects relating to arctic heterotrophic food web, pelagic - benthic coupling and biodiversity have emerged: (1) Contrary to a long - standing paradigm of dormant ecosystems during the long arctic winter, major food web components showed relatively high level of winter activity, well before the spring release of ice algae and subsequent phytoplankton bloom.

At low trophic levels, bacterioplankton and heterotrophic alveolates remained productive despite the lack of primary production (e.g. Forest et al. 2011; Sala et al. 2008; Terrado et al. 2009).

Vegetation carbon -LRB--RRB- was predicted to increase by an average of 270 Pg C from preindustrial levels across the models by 2100, but saturating NPP and increasing heterotrophic respiration led to a reduction in NEP after 2050.

The role of marsh - dominated heterotrophic continental margins in transport of CO2 between the atmosphere, the land - sea interface and the ocean.

In the end, we may wind - up feeding corn sugars to heterotrophic algae or duckweed, and multiply the yield of carbohydrates, oils and proteins several more times.

The inverse, diurnal production of CO2, occurred downstream from Misteriosa Bank, whose corals apparently contributed to a water mass having a twofold increase of POC and a sixfold larger population of heterotrophic nanoplankters.

Some may say that there is no such solution, but why is it that we refuse to look at how nature of millions of years has flourished, by autotrophic life creating organic matter, by using photosynthesis to split water into hydrogen and oxygen, while heterotrophic life takes this organic matter to release the energy it needs and return the oxygen and hydrogen back to water.

Elevated CO2 levels also affect fish and other aquatic organisms, in part because of the decrease in pH, but also because CO2 is what heterotrophic organisms try to exhale.

For example; heterotrophic bacteria can compete with carbon fixing autotrophic bacteria for nitrogen which can result in a substantial reduction of carbon export to the deep since the heterotrophic bacteria send CO2 back to the atmosphere via respiration.

Wallace S. Broecker: Preface 1: Jean - Pierre Gattuso and Lina Hansson: Ocean Acidification: Background and History 2: Richard E. Zeebe and Andy Ridgwell: Past Changes of Ocean Carbonate Chemistry 3: James C. Orr: Recent and Future Changes in Ocean Carbonate Chemistry 4: Andrew H. Knoll and Woodward W. Fischer: Skeletons and Ocean Chemistry: The Long View 5: Markus G. Weinbauer, Xavier Mari, and Jean - Pierre Gattuso: Effect of Ocean Acidification on the Diversity and Activity of Heterotrophic Marine Microorganisms 6: Ulf Riebesell and Philippe D. Tortell: Effects of Ocean Acidification on Pelagic Organisms and Ecosystems 7: Andreas J. Andersson, Fred T. Mackenzie, and Jean - Pierre Gattuso: Effects of Ocean Acidification on Benthic Processes, Organisms, and Ecosystems 8: Hans - Otto Pörtner, Magda Gutowska, Atsushi Ishimatsu, Magnus Lucassen, Frank Melzner, and Brad Seibel: Effects of Ocean Acidification on Nektonic Organisms 9: Stephen Widdicombe, John I. Spicer, and Vassilis Kitidis: Effects of Ocean Acidification on Sediment Fauna 10: James P. Barry, Stephen Widdicombe, and Jason M. Hall - Spencer: Effects of Ocean Acidification on Marine Biodiversity and Ecosystem Function 11: Frances Hopkins, Philip Nightingale, and Peter Liss: Effects of Ocean Acidification on the Marine Source of Atmospherically - Active Trace Gases 12: Marion Gehlen, Nicolas Gruber, Reidun Gangstø, Laurent Bopp, and Andreas Oschlies: Biogeochemical Consequences of Ocean Acidification and Feedback to the Earth System 13: Carol Turley and Kelvin Boot: The Ocean Acidification Challenges Facing Science and Society 14: Fortunat Joos, Thomas L. Frölicher, Marco Steinacher, and Gian - Kasper Plattner: Impact of Climate Change Mitigation on Ocean Acidification Projections 15: Jean - Pierre Gattuso, Jelle Bijma, Marion Gehlen, Ulf Riebesell, and Carol Turley: Ocean Acidification: Knowns, Unknowns, and Perspectives Index

The sexually - reproducing, heterotrophic metazoan ancestor had the capacity to sense, respond to, and exploit the surrounding environment while maintaining multicellular homeostasis.

If so, the closest living relatives are the choanoflagellates, which are heterotrophic, single - called eukaryotes having the same structure as some sponge cells.

Soil respiration under climate warming: differential response of heterotrophic and autotrophic respiration, Global Change Biology, 20: 3229 - 3237.

Cultivation - Independent and Cultivation - Dependent Analysis of Microbes in the Shallow - Sea Hydrothermal System Off Kueishantao Island, Taiwan: Unmasking Heterotrophic Bacterial Diversity and Functional Capacity — Kai Tang — Frontiers in Microbiology

How will the heterotrophic component of this flux respond?

The theory holds that the eukaryote mitochodrion evolved from a small, autotrophic bacterium that was engulfed by a larger primitive, heterotrophic, eukaryotic cell.

If data are available, use physiological studies of dominant corals to assess likely resistance and tolerance based on zooxanthellae type, photo - protective pigments, or tissue condition (lipid levels), and / or heterotrophic capacity.

The aerobic bacterium thrived within the cell cytoplasm that provided abundant molecular food for its heterotrophic existence.

Prochlorococcus is an autotrophic bacterium that photosynthesizes its own food; Pelagibacter, is a heterotrophic bacterium that consumes food molecules made by others.

The heterotrophic prokaryote used cellular respiration to intake oxygen and convert organic molecules to energy.

During the discovery of New Zealand's methane seeps, an unexpectedly dense habitat of heterotrophic infauna, dominated by ampharetid polychaetes, was found to co-occur with incredibly high methane emission.

In addition to unique heterotrophic relationships, novel symbiotic relationships are often discovered during exploration of deep - sea habitats.

Biodiversity studies of marine microbial eukaryotes have revealed a large diversity of taxonomic lineages, especially within the smaller size classes of heterotrophic cells.

Detection of gene repertoires related to ecological functions (phagocytosis, organic matter degradation, membrane transporters, meiosis) in different lineages of heterotrophic microeukaryotes.

The interdisciplinary nature of the SINGEK network makes it a perfect fit and allows me to experiment with data - mining of marine heterotrophic protists in many great institutions.

The objective of this ESR is first to obtain an overview of the biodiversity of heterotrophic microeukaryotes using the phylogenetic affiliation of single cells from marine assemblages.

The heterotrophic theory ignores the issue, and the chemoautotrophic theory relies on extremely complicated enzymes that were unlikely to have already evolved.

While the cell was exposed to sunlight, an initial dose of «food» was added to the chamber to stimulate growth of the heterotrophic bacteria.

However, much of this work is still in its nascent stages,» said Binghamton University Electrical and Computer Science Assistant Professor Seokheun Choi, who is one of the co-authors of «Self - sustaining, solar - driven bioelectricity generation in micro-sized microbial fuel cell using co-culture of heterotrophic and photosynthetic bacteria,» along with PhD candidate Lin Liu.

Through cellular respiration, the heterotrophic bacteria produced carbon dioxide waste, which was used by the phototrophic bacteria to kickstart the symbiotic cycle.

Phototrophic bacteria uses sunlight, carbon dioxide, and water to make its own energy, while heterotrophic bacteria must «feed» on provided organic matter or phototrophic bacteria to survive — think of cows grazing in a grassy field.

Some autotrophic bacteria are used by EcoVerde (including Theobacilus) to remove hydrogen sulfide and methane; heterotrophic bacteria remove VOCs (volatile organic compounds).

In a cell chamber about one - fifth the size of a teaspoon — 90 microliters — researchers placed a mixed culture of phototrophic and heterotrophic bacteria.

Downcore changes in carbon and sulfur cycling show discrete geochemical intervals with chemoautotrophic δ13C signatures locally attenuated by heterotrophic metabolism.

Heterotrophic bacteria require oxygen, and the new results suggest that there were enough of them around to mop up most of the oxygen produced by photosynthetic organisms.

The oceans of around 1 billion years ago, the researchers argue, were topped by a thin oxygenated layer populated with photosynthetic organisms and heterotrophic bacteria.

Modern heterotrophic bacteria, he says, break organic matter down into molecules that are rich in carbon - 13.

The best explanation, says Hayes, is that these hydrocarbons were formed by «heterotrophic» bacteria, which fed by rotting down the organic material from dead photosynthetic cells.

Myco - heterotrophic plants germinate and grow through a symbiotic relationship with mycorrhizal fungi.

Orchidaceous plants fall into the myco - heterotrophic plant group.

«By further customizing this system, we expect that the artificial cultivation of various fungal heterotrophic plants will become simplified and highly efficient.

In addition, plants also release oxygen to the atmosphere, which is subsequently used for respiration by heterotrophic organisms, forming a cycle.