Sentences with phrase «high electron temperature»

Therefore, it would be favorable that the high electron temperature region for the seeds production exists close to the low temperature one for maintaining the negative ions.

Not exact matches

Due to the high temperatures and intense radiation present, these atoms initially existed in an «ionized» state: The negatively charged electrons had been stripped from positively charged protons, leaving behind positive hydrogen ions (essentially, just protons).

The researchers used an ultrastable, variable - temperature stage in an aberration - corrected scanning transmission electron microscope to subject an array of size - selected gold nanoparticles (or clusters) to temperatures as high as 500 °C while imaging them with atomic resolution.

«At the highest temperatures, the electron temperature is much higher than that of acoustic vibrational modes of the graphene lattice, so that less energy is needed to attain temperatures needed for visible light emission,» Myung - Ho Bae, a senior researcher at KRISS and co-lead author, observes.

In fact, Andrei says, the researchers saw the effect at higher temperatures and lower magnetic fields than are needed to see it in semiconductors, suggesting that the electrons in graphene interact especially strongly.

Unlike superconducting metal alloys, which must remain within a few degrees of absolute zero in order to display their resistance - free electron flow, high - Tc superconductors can operate at temperatures around 77 kelvins.

This type of material is of particular interest for the field of solid state physics: their electrons can not be described as separate from one another; they are strongly interconnected and it is precisely this that lends them extraordinary properties, from high - temperature superconductivity through to new kinds of phase transitions.

By being able to measure electron density with high accuracy in atmospheric pressure low - temperature plasma, it is no longer necessary to rely solely upon experience and trial and error.

«Unraveling the complex, intertwined electron phases in a superconductor: Scientists may have discovered a link between key components of the «electron density wave» state and the pseudogap phase in a high - temperature superconductor.»

Electrons zipping through a thin layer of strontium titanate interact and form pairs at higher temperatures than expected, researchers report in the May 14 Nature.

Superconductivity is based on the fact that in certain materials electrons can pair up which — at a higher temperature — would otherwise repel each other.

During a stage of high temperature right after the Universe's birth about 14 billion years ago, the hydrogen atom was ionized, i.e., split into a nucleon and electron.

The magnetic field, which may be generated by the planet's core, is connected to the winds because of high temperatures stripping electrons from atmospheric atoms of lithium, sodium and potassium, making them positively charged.

He believes their collective behaviour could give clues to the ways more complicated groups of electrons behave, perhaps even shedding light on high - temperature superconductivity.

In contrast, the relatively high - temperature superconductors are thought to work when electrons are paired at the average distance between them — and this is what was seen between the atoms in this fermionic condensate.

And that if you heat a magnet up enough, then you have no magnet at all: High temperatures randomly jumble all the bits of magnetic material (ultimately orientations of spinning electrons) that had aligned themselves along the north - to - south - pole axis.

Yi's work focuses on hightemperature superconductivity, a phenomenon in which electrons coherently pair up to travel without resistance in a material at a relatively high temperature.

Since the wave energy can not go inside the vertical magnetic fields, which also play a role in separating the high and low energy electrons, the low temperature electrons can be obtained downstream of the vertical magnetic fields.

Closer to home, I suppose I left out the sun, which of course, itself is mostly plasma, because [the] high - temperature center of the sun is 15 million degrees, and so that is plenty hot enough to separate the electrons and the protons and to make sure that they move around freely inside the center of the sun.

The theory says that at high temperatures resistivity happens when electrons in the current bounce off of vibrating atoms.

One of the greatest mysteries is seeking to understand how the electrons in high - temperature superconductors interact, sometimes trying to avoid each other and at other times pairing up - the crucial characteristic enabling them to carry current with no resistance.

As a result of the wave reflection, a standing wave yielding the high temperature electrons is generated upstream of the vertical magnetic fields.

At sufficiently high temperatures, there would be enough energy available to match up electrons and their antiparticles, or positrons, into what are known as electron - positron pairs.

Led by Associate Prof K. Takahashi and Prof A. Ando, the team demonstrated adjoining generations of high and low electron temperature plasmas, based on the presently discovered plasma wave physics.

The Sun continuously emits a supersonic stream of particles, at such high temperatures that the atoms are broken up into a plasma of ions and electrons.

The way electrons leak between the two copper oxides spontaneously creates a superconducting layer somewhere within the stack, able to operate at the relatively high temperature of 32 kelvin -LRB--241 °C)-- most superconductors work at even lower temperatures.

Experimental devices have produced ion temperatures as high as 45,000 electron volts and densities of approximately 1020 particles per cubic meter, sufficient for fusion reactors.

In the experiments, researchers used a technique called angle - resolved photoemission spectroscopy, or ARPES, to knock electrons out of a copper oxide material, one of a handful of materials that superconduct at relatively high temperatures — although they still have to be chilled to at least minus 135 degrees Celsius.

Scientists have found the first direct evidence that a mysterious phase of matter known as the «pseudogap» competes with high - temperature superconductivity, robbing it of electrons that otherwise might pair up to carry current through a material with 100 percent efficiency.

Working out how fermions interact in the relatively simple atom clouds could help clarify the key properties of high - temperature, frictionless electron flow, Sommer says.

In a 2014 paper in Nature, they concluded that atomic vibrations in the STO travel up into the iron selenide and give electrons the additional energy they need to pair up and carry electricity with zero loss at higher temperatures than they would on their own.

These are temperature dependent near - and far - field Raman spectroscopy with different lasers (for the investigation of electronic and vibrational properties), high resolution transmission electron spectroscopy (for the direct observation of carbyne inside the carbon nanotubes) and x-ray scattering (for the confirmation of bulk chain growth).

The vibrations are called phonons, and the electron - phonon coupling the researchers measured was 10 times stronger than theory had predicted — making it strong enough to potentially play a role in unconventional superconductivity, which allows materials to conduct electricity with no loss at unexpectedly high temperatures.

One example is the mysterious phenomenon of high - temperature superconductivity, in which electrons move around with no resistance inside a material.

«Electron orbitals may hold key to unifying concept of high - temperature superconductivity: First experimental evidence of «orbital - selective» electron pairing in an iron - based high - temperature superconductorElectron orbitals may hold key to unifying concept of high - temperature superconductivity: First experimental evidence of «orbital - selective» electron pairing in an iron - based high - temperature superconductorelectron pairing in an iron - based high - temperature superconductor.»

The high transition temperature (relative to atomic gases) is due to the magnons small mass (near an electron) and greater achievable density.

«Instead of searching for new single - electron antiferromagnetic insulators like copper oxide to make high - temperature superconductors, maybe we should be searching for new highly magnetic, metallic materials that have properties like iron but in an orbitally selective arrangement,» Davis said.

Their work unveiled a new state of matter — the Jahn - Teller metal — and showed that when the balance between molecular and extended lattice characteristics of the electrons at the Fermi level is optimized, the highest achievable temperature for the onset of superconductivity is attained.

First experimental evidence of «orbital - selective» electron pairing in an iron - based high - temperature superconductor.

Following a PhD in transmission electron microscopy at Cambridge, she spent three years at the National High Magnetic Field Laboratory at Los Alamos looking at the behaviour of the low temperature phases of strongly correlated electron systems.

«Strange electrons break the crystal symmetry of high - temperature superconductors.»

In high mass main sequence stars, the opacity is dominated by electron scattering, which is nearly constant with increasing temperature.

At these high temperatures, the electrons are detached from the nuclei of the atoms, in a state of matter called plasma.

The research, a 3 - way collaboration between Birmingham, Swansea and Genoa, used an ultrastable, variable - temperature stage in an aberration - corrected scanning transmission electron microscope to subject an array of size - selected Au nanoparticles (or clusters) to temperatures as high as 500 °C while imaging them with atomic resolution.

In a ferromagnetic material, such as iron or nickel, the randomness of the electron spins at high temperatures makes the material symmetric in all directions.

Unexplained Energy: The team measured the molecules» electron binding energy at low and high temperatures.

The company's strategy is to expand the business into the life sciences arena, where nanotechnology and biotechnology intersect This involves the combination of core technologies in areas such as low temperature, high magnetic field and ultra-high vacuum environments; Nuclear Magnetic Resonance; X-ray, electron, laser and optical based metrology; atomic force microscopy; optical imaging; advanced growth, deposition and etching.

Typically, large signal enhancements (hyperpolarization) require cryogenic temperatures (< 2 K) and bulky, specialized equipment for achieving first a high electron polarization.

A team of scientists has found evidence for a new type of electron pairing that may broaden the search for new high - temperature superconductors.

While most LCDs still use amorphous silicon (a-Si), many high - ppi LCDs use low - temperature polysilicon (LTPS), which has considerably higher electron mobility than a-Si, allowing the circuitry to be made much smaller.