Sentences with phrase «high latitudes during»

We know that tropical creatures inhabited high latitudes during various hothouse episodes, so the possibility exists that a large chunk of the 14 C deltaT was in temperate and higher latitudes, with the tropics only modestly warmer.

As can be seen, coverage at high latitudes during winter is poor mainly because the sun is not high enough over the horizon.

My comment: So, I would expect more muons to be detected at high latitudes during a SSW and, due to the cooling of the stratosphere (increasing density) over the equator less muons to be detected at the surface near the equator.

Temporal and spatial structure of multi-millennial temperature changes at high latitudes during the Last Interglacial.

MILANKOVITCH CYCLES overall favor N.H. cooling and an increase in snow cover over N.H high latitudes during the N.H summers due to the fact that perihelion occurs during the N.H. winter (highly favorable for increase summer snow cover), obliquity is 23.44 degrees which is at least neutral for an increase summer N.H. snow cover, while eccentricity of the earth's orbit is currently at 0.0167 which is still circular enough to favor reduced summertime solar insolation in the N.H. and thus promote more snow cover.

So in Greenland it got warmer both because of higher CO2, more sunlight at high latitudes during summer, AND because of increased poleward heat flow.

Higher latitudes during Southern Hemisphere winter receive no such augmentation, and the increased latitudinal temperature gradient results in stronger stratospheric west winds.

Not exact matches

To achieve these desirable qualities, greenhouse growers in northern latitudes must rely on supplemental lighting from high - pressure sodium lamps during winter months.

Using computer models and simulations, the team found an increase in the average intensity during the period and the storms most often moved into higher latitudes — to a more northward direction.

My question is, how do expect to be able to maintain a much higher temperature gradient during the LGM than we have today between tropics and high latitudes, since this would tend to increase heat flux.

al, (June, 2005): [During the Paleocene - Eocene thermal maximum (PETM), sea surface temperature (SST) rose by 5 Deg C in the tropics and as much as 9 Deg C at high latitudes, whereas bottom - waters temperatures increased 4 to 5 C.

During the last deglaciation, and likely also the three previous ones, the onset of warming at both high southern and northern latitudes preceded by several thousand years the first signals of significant sea level increase resulting from the melting of the northern ice sheets linked with the rapid warming at high northern latitudes (Petit et al., 1999; Shackleton, 2000; Pépin et al., 2001).

During glaciation, water was taken from the oceans to form the ice at high latitudes, thus global sea level drops by about 120 meters, exposing the continental shelves and forming land - bridges between land - masses for animals to migrate.

With higher precipitation, portions of this snow may not melt during the summer and so glacial ice can form at lower altitudes and more southerly latitudes, reducing the temperatures over land by increased albedo as noted above.

During glacials, large ice sheets developed in mid - to high - latitudes, including over Britain and North America.

Elsewhere in the oceans, the environmental changes during the PETM led to shifts in the distribution of plankton groups, with tropical species invading the high latitudes and high - latitude species dwindling in abundance.

Another seemingly useful clue is that, during a period of methane doldrums (no rise) from 1999 - 2002, the N / S gradient of methane relaxed a bit [Dlugokencky et al., 2003], suggesting that the doldrum was due to a decline in a methane source in the northern high latitudes.

Actually, there is some interesting work being done by Matt Huber of Purdue, following up on some earlier ideas of Emanuel's, suggesting that the role of TCs in transporting heat from equator towards the poles may be more significant than previously thought — it also allows for some interesting, though admittedly somewhat exotic, mechanisms for explaining the «cool tropics paradox» and «equable climate problem» of the early Paleogene and Cretaceous periods, i.e. the problem of how to make the higher latitudes warm without warming the tropics much, something that appears to have happened during some past warm epochs in Earth's history.

The warm air above nocturnal or polar inversions, or even stable air masses with small positive lapse rates, are warmer than otherwise because of heat capacity and radiant + convective heating during daytime and / or because of heating occurring at other latitudes / regions that is transported to higher latitudes / regions.

At polar latitudes, the sun never rises high above the horizon, even during mid-summer, thus the direct beam energy is not well characterized.

And for a little historical perspective: «It will without doubt have come to your Lordship's knowledge that a considerable change of climate, inexplicable at present to us, must have taken place in the Circumpolar Regions, by which the severity of the cold that has for centuries past enclosed the seas in the high northern latitudes in an impenetrable barrier of ice has been during the last two years, greatly abated.

Meridional circulation patterns were an important factor in the high latitudes of the North Atlantic during the early climatic fluctuation.

This means the inertia of earth has decreased due the massive snows that we have had during the past decade and more which moved water from the low latitude oceans to ice on high latitudes.

Semiletov's work during the 1990s showed, among other things, that the amount of methane being emitted from terrestrial sources decreased at higher latitudes.

Figure 2.24: Variation of winter storm frequency and intensity during the cold season (November - March) for high latitudes (60 - 90 ° N) and mid-latitudes (30 - 60 ° N) of the Northern Hemisphere over the period 1949 - 2010.

The Royal Society ``... a considerable change of climate, inexplicable at present to us, must have taken place in the Circumpolar Regions, by which the severity of the cold that has for centuries past enclosed the seas in the high northern latitudes in an impenetrable barrier of ice has been during the last two years, greatly abated....

Despite the accompanying colder winters, getting melting going during those long hot summers is how we got rid of the ice sheets at high northern latitudes.

Elaborating on the 1842 suggestion of the French mathematician Joseph A. Adhémar, Milutin Milankovitch proposed during World War I that the sunlight reaching the higher latitudes controlled the ice ages (he did his laborious calculations as a prisoner of war), and that slow changes in the earth's orbit were important.

Warming forced by CO2 (as opposed to natural internal variability) will have the following characteristics: — More warming at night than during the day — More warming in winter than in summer — More warming at high latitudes than at low latitudes.

TLM (08:20:22) Warming forced by CO2 (as opposed to natural internal variability) will have the following characteristics: — More warming at night than during the day — More warming in winter than in summer — More warming at high latitudes than at low latitudes.

During the winter months in middle and high latitudes, the lower parts of the troposphere over continents often serve as reservoirs of cold air as heat is radiated into space throughout the long nights.

As a result of this asymmetric distribution of solar heating, during the winter season the troposphere in the high latitudes becomes very cold.

In contrast, during the summer at high latitudes, the troposphere warms significantly as a result of the long hours of daylight; however, owing to the oblique angle of the sunlight near the poles, the temperatures there remain relatively cool compared with middle latitudes.

During the last three such warm (interglacial) periods, temperatures at high latitudes were as much as 5 degrees warmer than today's.

Another important potential explanation, however, is the paucity of studies devoted to the long winter season at high latitudes, during which poor light and hostile ice - infested waters render sampling extremely costly and difficult.

It is seen that the zero phase difference line approaches high latitudes in winter and moves to middle, even tropical latitudes during summer at both hemispheres.

During disturbed conditions, it is still relatively small (10 — 13 %) for predictions provided 1 h ahead and may reach 20 % and 30 % at middle - to - low and middle - to - high latitudes, respectively, for high ionospheric activity level and predictions provided 24 h ahead.

During the El Niño winters, temperatures throughout the tropics were above the mean of the past 20 years (i.e., the anomalies were positive), with alternating patches of warm and cold anomalies at higher latitudes.

It will without doubt have come to your Lordship's knowledge that a considerable change of climate inexplicable at present to us must have taken place in the Circumpolar Regions, by which the severity of the cold that has for centuries past inclosed (sic) the seas in the high northern latitudes in an impenetrable barrier of ice has been during the last two years greatly abated.

It is likely that large rapid decadal temperature changes occurred during the last glacial and its deglaciation (between about 100,000 and 10,000 years ago), particularly in high latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere.

Figure 2 - B suggests that since 1979 there has been a jump of at most 0.3 °C during the great El Niño of 1997 - 98; (see figure 15 - A showing that El Niño paces the global temperatures as the water of the warm pool is redistributed to the oceanic surface layer at higher latitudes).

Be CSI an omission or not, examination of those graphics suggests the size of the CSI effect AD1000 to AD2000 amounts to +2 Wm ^ -2 insolation (+0.002 Wm ^ -2 / year) over high northern latitudes during the merry months of April & May and -2 Wm ^ -2 insolation -LRB--0.002 Wm ^ -2 / year) over higher northern latitudes during the jolly months of July & August.

During glacial periods, the solar insolation at high latitudes is below some level that results in glaciation but equatorial insolation does not change significantly.

More current volume (heat content) or higher velocity (less heat loss during the transport process) across middle latitudes will result in global warming.

A new study in the Arctic north shows that water at the higher latitudes are undergoing as serious changes as other areas, but they're changing at an even faster rate.Physorg writes that researchers from nine European countries have turned a coal mine village off the coast of Ny - Aalesund, just shy of 750 miles from the North Pole, into a laboratory site during July in a major effort to understand how ocean acidification is altering the northern water.

Hence, atmospheric GEM concentrations inferred from Greenland firn air and global anthropogenic Hg emissions have exhibited consistently similar trends during the most recent decades (Fig. 2), suggesting that the atmospheric reservoir of mercury at mid - and high - northern latitudes has been driven mainly by anthropogenic emissions during the last decades.

Thus the CO2 being released during La Nina years was deposited at higher latitudes many years before.

During the mid-Cretaceous Period, 120 - 90 million years ago, fossil remains of plants and animals believed to inhabit warm environments, were found at much higher latitudes.

Much of the warming seen during DJF over high northern latitudes is strongly controlled by each model's simulation of ice and snow cover during the preindustrial period, and how they respond to a warming climate.

Our ability to place the recent temperature increase in a longer paleoclimate perspective is also hampered by an apparent change in the sensitivity of recent tree - growth to temperature at high northern latitudes where trends in TRW and MXD have been reported to increasingly diverge from the instrumental records during the second half of the twentieth century (Jacoby and D'Arrigo 1995; Briffa et al. 1998a, b; D'Arrigo et al. 2007).