Sentences with phrase «high latitudes where»

The net effects of clouds on the nighttime minimum temperature is small except in the winter high latitudes where the greenhouse warming effect of clouds exceeds their solar cooling effect.

In high latitudes where winter temps might be as low as -40, houses have to be constructed on a foundation that goes below the «frost line».

The basic physics of greenhouse gases are simply not one of those things that are not well - enough understood and if you don't understand how greenhouse gases work you can't possibly move on to any reasonable debate about other phenomena which can and do (IMO) largely negate the effects of increasing greenhouse gases and leave us in a situation where the modest increase in carbon dioxide has vast beneficial effect by warming the planet at high latitudes where warming is welcome, not warming it at low latitudes where it is already warm enough, increasing the growth rate of green plants, and decreasing the water needs of green plants at the same time.

I wasn't aware how much error there was in cloud cover with far fewer clouds predicted by the physics models than the clouds actually observed, except in the very high latitudes where they predict far more than actually observed.

At high latitudes where temperatures are frequently cooler, there's strong selection for organisms like caterpillars to be able to accomplish more metabolism at relatively low temperatures.»

We assumed only that due to the biological and physical effects the ratio fabsorbed (t) / (total CO2 content of then air) is more or less constant, hence a simple response pulse response exp -LRB-- t / lifetime) is applied to the anthropic time series of coal, gas, oil and cement which have different delta13C As the isotopic signature of (CO2 natural)(t) is slowly decreasing because plants living days or centuries ago are now rotting and degassing and as molecules entered in the ocean decades ago are now in the upwellings after a slow migration along the equal density surface from the high latitudes where those surface are surfacing at depth zero, there are common sense constraints or bounds on the possible evolution of the delta13C of the natural out - gassed CO2 molecules.

As part of the planet's reciprocal relationship between ocean circulation and climate, this conveyor belt transports warm surface water to high latitudes where the water warms the air, then cools, sinks, and returns towards the equator as a deep flow.»

All of the warming is it at high latitudes where it was caused the biosphere to expand.

Notice the relationship between the solar cycle and ENSO with ozone dynamics in the upper troposphere in the mid to high latitudes where ozone accumulates.

Uncertainties are largest in the tropics and Southern Hemisphere high latitudes where radiosonde coverage is poorest.

The surface waters of the tropical Atlantic are then transported, via the Gulf Stream, towards the high latitudes where they warm the atmosphere before plunging into the abysses in the convection zones situated in the seas of Norway, Greenland and Labrador.

Not to mention that there is no fertile soil at higher latitudes where the climate will be temperate enough to grow cereal grains.

4) By interpreting the analyss of Bob Tisdale, the global sea surface temperatures used by Endersbee in his calculations have been controlled by warming of the sea surface waters outside the tropical sea surface i.e. mainly by the warming of the sea surface waters of higher latitudes where the sea surface CO2 sinks are.

The science indicates warming due to a doubling of atmospheric CO2 will result in less of than 1C of warming with most of the warming occurring at higher latitudes where it will be result in an expansion of the biosphere.

It means that the global sea surface temperatures used by Endersbee in his calculations have been controlled by warming of the sea surface waters outside the tropical sea surface i.e. mainly the warming of the sea surface waters of higher latitudes where the sea surface CO2 sinks are.

Not exact matches

However, over the millennia, more and more people moved to high latitudes, where up to half the year, solar - UV exposure isn't enough to fuel vitamin D production in skin.

As temperatures around the world rise, species are being pushed to higher latitudes and altitudes to find places where they can live.

In circunstances where these factors combine — planting trees as carbon offsets above the lcal tree line at high latitudes, modeling indicates that the radiative forcing impact can outwigh the benefits of carbon sequestration = cf

At these high latitudes in the winter, where a significant wamring has been reported, the warm bias results in an overstatement of the warming.

I was thinking instead perhaps more easily controlled polar - orbit satellites might be used, which would rotate with some fixed ratio to their orbital period, casting greater shadows at higher latitudes... or some other arrangment... for a targetted offset polar amplification of AGW especially and in particular perhaps avoiding the reduction in precipitation that can be caused by SW - radiation - based «GE» (although aerosols that actually absorb some SW in the troposphere while shielding the surface would have the worst effect in that way, I'd think)... strategic distribution of solar shading has been suggested with precipitation effects in mind, such as here... sorry, I don't have the link (I'm sure I saved it, just as Steve Fish would suggest — but where?).

The troposphere is not everywhere at all times locally vertically coupled by convection; in particular, at night and at high latitudes, especially in winter, and where there is warm air advection aloft, some layer of air can become stable to localized convection.

I have analysed several climate model results and find that under a GW regime we would expect to see more record - breaking events at mid - to high latitudes and actually fewer new records than one would expect for the sub-tropics and where there is large - scale subsidence.

The two main places I can think of where this may be of consequence would be where the Japanese Current gets into higher latitudes and similarly where the Gulf Stream does.

And likewise it is responsible for high precipitation where the air rises at the junction with the Ferrel Cells at latitudes 60 degrees.

(1) p228 Recently observed moderate climatic changes have induced forest productivity gains globally (reviewed in Boisvenue and Running, 2006) and possibly enhanced carbon sequestration, especially in tropical forests (Baker et al., 2004; Lewis et al., 2004a, 2004b; Malhi and Phillips, 2004; Phillips et al., 2004), where these are not reduced by water limitations (e.g., Boisvenue and Running, 2006) or offset by deforestation or novel fire regimes (Nepstad et al., 1999, 2004; Alencar et al., 2006) or by hotter and drier summers at mid - and high latitudes (Angert et al., 2005)

I have seen less data on North America and Europe, where in many regions, changes in the short term are likely to be beneficial, particularly at higher latitudes.

Charged particles from space easily move along geomagnetic field lines and intercept the upper atmosphere at high latitudes (that is, toward the poles) because that is where the field lines originate.

Decreases also occur at high latitudes, where snow cover diminishes (Section 10.3.3).

Warming is mostly in the winter in higher latitudes over land where it extends growing season.

Would it not then be a mistake to assume a global average incoming watt per sq - m solar radiation and global average outgoing L - W radiation and global average Greenhouse effect for Co-2 and apply those global numbers to the tropics, when a higher percentage of both LW and SW radiation is in tropical latitudes where that increase in CO-2 has less effect?

However, the pattern of actual change should be similar enough to the equilibrium pattern, except in regions such as the North Atlantic and high southern latitudes where the ocean's thermal inertia is large.

Water columns are much more strongly stratified in the tropics than in higher latitudes, so it takes a lot less energy to move parcels from deep oceanic layers to the surface in high latitudes — and, not surprisingly, this is where most communication occurs between deep and surface waters.

«They found that the increase in surface temperature is very small in the Circumpolar Ocean of the Southern Hemisphere in contrast to high latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere where the increase is relatively large.»

Global warming can force species to move to higher latitudes and higher altitudes where temperatures are better for their chances of survival.

I suspect it's not 1C over all the globe but just over relatively dry parts of the globe (higher latitudes over continents) where conduction (and hence surface temperature) has to increase make up for the higher impedence through the radiative path because there's no latent path (and hence no rise in temperature) to make up the difference.

This showed that recovery took longest in the high northern latitudes and in the tropics, regions where the climate system is already vulnerable, but that it was taking longer across regions worldwide.

Troposphere - The lowest part of the atmosphere, from the surface to about 10 kilometers (~ 6 miles) in altitude at mid-latitudes (ranging from 9 kilometers (~ 5.6 miles) at high latitudes to 16 kilometers (~ 10 miles in the tropics on average), where clouds and weather phenomena occur.

Clouds exist at all latitudes, especially in the tropics over the ocean, where the sun rays are most direct and intense; ice and snow only exist at higher latitudes, where the incoming solar radiation is less intense.

The second is because the global average temperature change is less than the change at high latitudes, where most glaciers are found (Section 9.3.2).

The link to low and mid latitude surface temperature is via the shifts in atmospheric mass from high to low latitudes where sea surface temperature rises with surface pressure.

It seems clear enough from evidence of the geologic past that before the earth started ringing like a bell every 120K years from glacial to interglacial with the former dominating the other 10:1 in persistence, the Eocene optimum 50 million years ago the earth was ice - free, green from pole to pole, it was about 11F warmer overall, with the most dramatic warming in the highest latitudes (right where you'd want it if you could ask for it), and atmspheric CO2 was several times what it is today, which makes sense in light of much warmer global ocean not able to hold as much CO2.

The largest reservoirs of carbon on land are in the forests of the tropics and the soils of northern high latitudes, which are paradoxically, the least studied of terrestrial ecosystems, with the bulk of research effort made where most ecologists live, in the mid-latitudes.

Heated air rises above the tropics and flows toward the higher latitudes, where it cools, sinks, and flows back toward the tropics in an easterly (east to west) surface pattern known as the trade winds.

At high latitudes the upwelling brings air rich in the heavy molecular constituents N2 and O2 to high altitudes and the circulation carries this molecular - rich air to midlatitudes, especially in the summer hemisphere, where the mean meridional circulation is already equatorward.

The increased equatorward wind at middle latitudes tends to push the ionosphere higher up along magnetic field lines, where the loss rate is lower.

The primary effect of the two tropical Hadley cells (one for each hemisphere) is for the rising hot air at the equator to suck surface air from the higher latitudes (north and south) along the surface towards the equator, pump it vertically at the equator, and at a suitable height push it polewards, one pole per cell, up where the jet planes fly.

A forcing operating via Svensmark's cosmic ray hypothesis principally operates in mid to high latitudes and where CCN are in short supply.

Willie Soon the astrophysicist from Harvard has done some research where he finds a solar signature in climate patterns over the last century or two (nothing original there) but further, he finds a correlation between temporal patterns of solar input at the Arctic and high latitudes in the Northern Hemisphere, and tropical Atlantic ocean heat and SST patterns a decade or so later.

High latitudes is where a very great deal of infilling takes place.

For iron fertilization forcing, we choose temperature − dust relationships from the high southern latitudes, as the Southern Ocean is the main region where this process is relevant.