Forests that historically had large areas with no snow on the ground for two to four months and
high moisture loss from soils and vegetation in spring and summer have seen the biggest increases in wildfire in early spring snowmelt years (for example, the northern Rockies and parts of the Sierra Nevada).
Not exact matches
These shifts may include rising sea levels, stronger tropical cyclones, the
loss of soil
moisture under
higher temperatures, more intense precipitation and flooding, more frequent droughts, the melting of glaciers and the changing seasonality of snowmelt.
Occlusive moisturisers can have side effects too, such as blocking water
loss when
moisture is too
high, thus allowing microorganisms to breed.
But also keep in mind that Lambeck et al (2002) have suggested that
loss of permanent ice over the Arctic Sea at the end of the last interglacial allowed for increased accumulation of snow and ice at
high latitudes because of the increased amount of
moisture available.
In heating climates, mold growth on interior surfaces occurs during the heating season because the interior surfaces of exterior walls are cool from heat
loss and because
moisture levels within the conditioned space are too
high.
Some regions may even shift from being a carbon sink to being an atmospheric carbon dioxide source, 50,51,52 though large uncertainties exist, such as whether projected disturbances to forests will be chronic or episodic.31 Midwest forests are more resilient to forest carbon
losses than most western forests because of relatively
high moisture availability, greater nitrogen deposition (which tends to act as a fertilizer), and lower wildfire risk.50, 51,53
Even in areas where precipitation does not decrease, these increases in surface evaporation and
loss of water from plants lead to more rapid drying of soils if the effects of
higher temperatures are not offset by other changes (such as reduced wind speed or increased humidity).5 As soil dries out, a larger proportion of the incoming heat from the sun goes into heating the soil and adjacent air rather than evaporating its
moisture, resulting in hotter summers under drier climatic conditions.6
It is well known that
high moisture levels result in
higher heat
losses, and the temperature conditions in building components influence the
moisture transport.
These
higher temperatures, and increased air movement over the surface, can increase
moisture loss from the soil.