Sentences with phrase «higher aerosol concentrations»

Not exact matches

«Particles of any kind, even much smaller than the wavelength of visible light, will, as a rule, make the sky brighter but at the expense of its purity of color,» Bohren says, noting that the effect is more pronounced when there is a high concentration of large aerosols.

In specific, in the intratumoral groups the cisplatin concentration was high immediately after administration, while in the aerosol cisplatin groups the concentration was significantly lower.

indicate that there was high concentration of the cisplatin within the tumor with the intratumoral method of administration when compared with the two aerosol methods at the same time.

The future concentrations of LLGHGs and the anthropogenic emissions of sulphur dioxide (SO2), a chemical precursor of sulphate aerosol, are obtained from several scenarios considered representative of low, medium and high emission trajectories.

Second, if this is so (and it seems unreasonably large), why have we never observed this cooling effect in the regions with high concentrations of manmade aerosols.

In other words, there is some value that can be assigned to aerosol cooling that offsets high temperature sensitives to rising CO2 concentrations enough to mathematically spit out temperatures sortof kindof similar to those over the last decade.

«We show that the control of the droplet concentration (N), the environmental carrying - capacity (H0), and the cloud recovery parameter (τ) can be linked by a single nondimensional parameter (μ = √ N / (ατH0)-RRB-, suggesting that for deeper clouds the transition from open (oscillating) to closed (stable fixed point) cells will occur for higher droplet concentration (i.e., higher aerosol loading)...

However, I am not a «warmista» by any means — we do not know how to properly quantify the albedo of aerosols, including clouds, with their consequent negative feedback effects in any of the climate sensitivity models as yet — and all models in the ensemble used by the «warmistas» are indicating the sensitivities (to atmospheric CO2 increase) are too high, by factors ranging from 2 to 4: which could indicate that climate sensitivity to a doubling of current CO2 concentrations will be of the order of 1 degree C or less outside the equatorial regions (none or very little in the equatorial regions)- i.e. an outcome which will likely be beneficial to all of us.

2.10 All model simulations, whether they were forced with increased concentrations of greenhouse gases and aerosols or with increased concentrations of greenhouse gases alone, show the follow - ing features: greater surface warming of the land than of the sea in winter; a maximum surface warming in high northern latitudes in winter... All these changes are associated with identifiable physical mechanisms.

2) There are errors in the assumed forcings, such as: a) AR5 let stratospheric aerosol concentration go to zero after 2000 (a sure way to prod the models into higher predictions), but it actually increased for the next 10 years «probably due to a large number of small volcanic eruptions».

7.4.5.3 Synthesis Although there is some evidence that ionization from cosmic rays may enhance aerosol nucleation in the free troposphere, there is medium evidence and high agreement that the cosmic ray - ionization mechanism is too weak to influence global concentrations of CCN or their change over the last century or during a solar cycle in any climatically significant way.

While there is a reduction in the impact of aerosols, at a global level, for some tropical regions, a shift towards higher concentrations is also reported.

The new study, published in Nature Geoscience, identified a negative feedback loop in which higher temperatures lead to an increase in concentrations of natural aerosols that have a cooling [continue reading...]

The total CO2 equivalent (CO2 - eq) concentration of all long - lived GHGs is currently estimated to be about 455 ppm CO2 - eq, although the effect of aerosols, other air pollutants and land - use change reduces the net effect to levels ranging from 311 to 435 ppm CO2 - eq (high agreement, much evidence).

In turn, China is recording ever increasing aerosol concentrations (though with slightly higher AAOD / AEOD ratios), culminating in the last decade as apparent in the (modelled) GOCART AOD for 2005 - 07.

Cloud condensation nuclei: Aerosol particles that provide a platform for the condensation of water vapor, resulting in clouds with higher droplet concentrations and increased albedo.

High regional concentrations of scattering aerosols can completely offset the positive forcing due to increases in

Given bounds on volcanic / aerosols, solar, and GHG concentrations, some completely unknown cause is needed for the MWP to have been as warm as now... That is, at least by eyeball, the higher edges of M&W's MWP uncertainty ranges either require throwing out a lot of data or maybe bending conservation of energy.

The report which contains statements like this: «Although there is some evidence that ionization from cosmic rays may enhance aerosol nucleation in the free troposphere, there is medium evidence and high agreement that the cosmic ray - ionization mechanism is too weak to influence global concentrations of CCN or their change over the last century or during a solar cycle in any climatically significant way.

Although there is some evidence that ionization from cosmic rays may enhance aerosol nucleation in the free troposphere, there is medium evidence and high agreement that the cosmic ray ionization mechanism is too weak to influence global concentrations of CCN or their change over the last century or during a solar cyclein any climatically significant way.

Concentrations of sulfate aerosols were especially high during these years before regulations like the Clean Air Act limited sulfur dioxide emissions that produce sulfate aerosols.

The new study, published in Nature Geoscience, identified a negative feedback loop in which higher temperatures lead to an increase in concentrations of natural aerosols that have a cooling effect on the atmosphere.

You can see this below, where high sulfate aerosol concentrations, show in orange and red, only cover a small percentage of the globe.