Sentences with phrase «higher albedo effect»

Which is the higher albedo effect I wonder.

Actually more the opposite (if their analysis were correct) since the clouds under consideration have a higher greenhouse effect associated with them, not a higher albedo effect.

Not exact matches

Regardless of how hot the Sahara may feel when you stand in it, the difference in radiative effect between it and rainforest is in its higher albedo, reflecting more direct sunlight, the darker forests absorb more heat.

But they do at least have certain basic physical principles in their cloud representations — clouds over ice have less albedo effect than clouds over water, you don't get high clouds in regions of subsidence, stable boundary layers lead to marine stratus, etc..

Pretty much all existing GCMs take into account changes in cloud albedo effects (though these are still characterized by a fairly high level of uncertainty).

For instance, the effect of soot making snow and sea ice darker has a higher efficacy than an equivalent change in CO2 with the same forcing, mainly because there is a more important ice - albedo feedback in the soot case.

The famous «255 K» value for no greenhouse effect on Earth is an example of this, although in reality if we got that cold you would expect a snowball - like Earth and a much higher albedo from the increased brightness of the surface... and thus the «no - greenhouse temperature» would be even colder than 255 K.

Regardless of how hot the Sahara may feel when you stand in it, the difference in radiative effect between it and rainforest is in its higher albedo, reflecting more direct sunlight, the darker forests absorb more heat.

Moreover, CDR techniques can affect temperatures via SRM mechanisms too: afforestation — at least in higher latitudes — reduces albedo, producing offsetting warming, while OIF releases dimethyl sulphides which could have a significant impact on temperatures by reflecting incoming sunlight (analogous to, if more short - lived, than the effect of sulphates in the stratosphere).

However, I am not a «warmista» by any means — we do not know how to properly quantify the albedo of aerosols, including clouds, with their consequent negative feedback effects in any of the climate sensitivity models as yet — and all models in the ensemble used by the «warmistas» are indicating the sensitivities (to atmospheric CO2 increase) are too high, by factors ranging from 2 to 4: which could indicate that climate sensitivity to a doubling of current CO2 concentrations will be of the order of 1 degree C or less outside the equatorial regions (none or very little in the equatorial regions)- i.e. an outcome which will likely be beneficial to all of us.

(7) A requirement that building retrofits conducted pursuant to a REEP program utilize, especially in all air - conditioned buildings, roofing materials with high solar energy reflectance, unless inappropriate due to green roof management, solar energy production, or for other reasons identified by the Administrator, in order to reduce energy consumption within the building, increase the albedo of the building's roof, and decrease the heat island effect in the area of the building, without reduction of otherwise applicable ceiling insulation standards.

This being the case, a period of higher sunspot activity would likely lead to reduced lower tropospheric cloud cover (due to reduced albedo effect) and generally higher temperatures.

The cryosphere derives its importance to the climate system from a variety of effects, including its high reflectivity (albedo) for solar radiation, its low thermal conductivity, its large thermal inertia, its potential for affecting ocean circulation (through exchange of freshwater and heat) and atmospheric circulation (through topographic changes), its large potential for affecting sea level (through growth and melt of land ice), and its potential for affecting greenhouse gases (through changes in permafrost)(Chapter 4).

This being the case, a period of higher sunspot activity would likely lead to reduced lower tropospheric cloud cover (due to reduced albedo effect) and temperatures.

CERES apparently can distinguish between high and low level clouds based on their published images, but the overall albedo figure won't show a cosmic effect as strongly.

But much stronger albedo effects (a measure of how much sunlight is simply reflected back out into space) might be generated by the high winds of the glacial era, giving 10 °C temperature changes rather than the 1 °C excursion of the Little Ice Age.

So these hitherto unknown, or perhaps hypothetical, fields of waving barley in northern Canada and Siberia would also have a higher albedo than boreal forests whether or not they have snow cover, which would be a cooling effect.

Ice albedo feedback change is mainly limited to high latitude NH * land * during deglaciation, and its effects — though strong — are limited compared to those of a radiative forcing over the global ocean.

Despite the head - start in temps, lower albedo and amplifying effects of much higher humidity, jungle highs fall short of desert high temps.

In this article I present prima facie evidence that the ongoing natural increase in spring insolation occurring at high northern latitudes, coupled with the positive feedback effect of the resultant snow and ice loss reducing the region's mean albedo over summer, comprises just such a causative agency.

In the case of the 100 kyr ice age cycles, that forcing is high northern latitude summer insolation driven by predictable changes in Earth's orbital and rotational parameters — aka, Milankovitch theory — which has the intial effect of melting glaciers, thereby reducing albedo at those latitudes.

It has long been observed that temperatures in cities are higher than in the surrounding countryside, caused, in part, by human structures that reduce albedo and evapo - transpiration, as well as by the effects of waste heat emissions, McCarthy et al 2010.

The spatial patterns of RFs for non-LLGHGs (ozone, aerosol direct and cloud albedo effects, and land use changes) have considerable uncertainties, in contrast to the relatively high confidence in that of the LLGHGs.

Apart from albedo the extra 45 W / m2 over high latitude (ice / snow free) landmass in summer would have a considerable effect in warming the climate.

Atmospheric aerosol science is pretty thin, including their role in low - level (warming) and high - level (cooling) cloud development, PM agglomeration, PM and VOC oxidation, condensation and precipitation effecting albedo.

However, the effect of waves depends on the wind, and the net result fro measured results for clear days very closely approximates the reflection of P polarized light from smooth water at high sun angles: the «classic» water albedo of 0.06 is a good approximation between 90 degrees and 25 degrees solar angles.

And I think you hit the nail on the head with: «5) Once we scientifically - oriented Skeptics accept the reality of the Atmospheric «greenhouse effect» we are, IMHO, better positioned to question the much larger issues which are: a) HOW MUCH does CO2 contribute to that effect, b) HOW MUCH does human burning of fossil fuels and land use changes that reduce albedo affect warming, and, perhaps most important, c) Does the resultant enhanced CO2 level and higher mean temperature actually have a net benefit for humankind?»

Carter et al. [1] do not appear to be aware that temperature buffering effects due to high evaporative rates in the tropics and tropical islands, loss of ice albedo in the poles, and other factors, result in that global temperature increases rise rapidly with higher latitude [4],

Increases in forest cover generally cause cooling in the tropics where the ET effect dominates (Claussen et al. 2001) and warming in mid - and high - latitudes where the albedo effect is strong (Betts 2000).