The gains are large when compared to other possible policy interventions, such as the effects of attending a school with
higher average achievement levels or enrolling in a charter school.
When we create groups based on demographic characteristics, we find that some groups have
higher average achievement levels than others.
Not exact matches
Women who started birth at home were on
average older, of a lower socioeconomic status and
higher educational
achievement, and less likely to be African - American or Hispanic than women having full gestation, vertex, singleton hospital births in the United States in 2000.
On
average, children who were breastfed for ≥ 8 months 1) scored between 0.35 and 0.59 SD units
higher on standardized tests of ability or
achievement and teacher ratings of school performance than children who were not breastfed, and 2) were considerably less likely than nonbreastfed children to leave school without qualifications (relative risk = 0.38; 95 % CI: 0.25, 0.59).
When compared to control group counterparts in randomized trials, infants and toddlers who participated in
high - quality home visiting programs were shown to have more favorable scores for cognitive development and behavior,
higher IQs and language scores,
higher grade point
averages and math and reading
achievement test scores at age 9, and
higher graduation rates from
high school.
By measuring
average point scores rather than a single cutoff point, the new measure will also ensure that the
achievement of all students is recognised equally, including both low attainers and
high fliers.
An important aspect of our recruitment objective is that we target students with grade point
averages between 3.0 and 3.6 out of 4.0 — that is, students who are often overlooked by many
high -
achievement programs.
The
average job switcher moving from one district to another moved to a district whose
average achievement was 0.07 standard deviations
higher on the TAAS than the district the teacher left.
Students were protecting themselves from extra work by ostracizing
high achievers, «constraining the fast minority,» and holding down the
achievements of those who were above
average, «so that the school's demands will be at a level easily maintained by the majority.»
Students who reported almost never being bullied had
average achievement more than 30 score points
higher than those who reported being bullied almost weekly.
This issue's research section offers a first - of - its - kind study examining the impact of instructor quality on student
achievement in the
higher education sector — finding that students taught by above -
average instructors receive
higher grades and test scores, are more likely to succeed in subsequent courses, and earn more college credits.
This
average combines the negative, but statistically insignificant, effects of exits of
high - performing teachers with the very large improvements in student
achievement resulting from the departures of low - performing teachers.
The
average achievement of the peers in G&T students» classrooms were between 0.25 and 0.33 of a standard deviation
higher in each core academic subject.
This comports with the interpretation that
average peer
achievement influences everyone's test scores, since Asians score
higher than whites in math overall (the Asian - white score gap is positive and relatively large in math, 0.62 of a standard deviation in the 4th, 5th, and 6th grades).
For example, a student who begins the year at the 50th percentile on the state reading and math test and is assigned to a teacher in the top quartile in terms of overall TES scores will perform on
average, by the end of the school year, three percentile points
higher in reading and two points
higher in math than a peer who began the year at the same
achievement level but was assigned to a bottom - quartile teacher.
A 2013 quasi-experimental analysis found that, «on
average, extended learning time (ELT) tutorials at Match Charter Public
High School raised student
achievement on the 10th grade English language arts examination between.15 and.25 standard deviations per year.»
If
high - income parents are more likely to make a request, and such requests are for better teachers on
average, then the availability of requests could exacerbate the
achievement gap between students from low - and
high - income families, even if all families equally value academic
achievement.
In a
high school, the norms act to hold down the
achievements of those who are above
average, so that the school's demands will be at a level easily maintained by the majority.
A 2010 study by Richard Freeman and colleagues shows that countries that perform best on TIMSS (Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study) not only have a
higher average score, but also have 1) less variation in performance and 2) smaller
achievement gaps between different demographic groups.
That means putting money into initiatives that will bring
achievement for all students: historically low performers, who must be able to compete in a world that demands
higher skills;
average students, who need to care more about their studies if they are going to succeed; and top students, who will drive the country's future innovations.
More specifically, if the
average quality of teachers in a school is already
high, being assigned to one of the better teachers will have only a limited effect on student
achievement.
A translation of the results in a way that reveals the effects of peer
achievement provides a different perspective: being surrounded by peers who score 1 point
higher on
average raises a student's own score by 0.3 to 0.5 points, depending on the grade.
In a school where 80 percent of the children are eligible for free or reduced - price lunch, the parents of the
average child would have a 48 percent chance of selecting the teacher with a
high - satisfaction and
average achievement rating over the teacher with
average ratings on both satisfaction and
achievement.
The proportion of principals in their first year leading a school is roughly 40 percent
higher in schools in the bottom quartile of
average prior
achievement than in schools in the top quartile; the proportion of principals that have been at their current school at least six years is roughly 50 percent
higher in schools with higherachieving students.
In particular, we use existing research about how much a
high level of
achievement boosts the earnings of an individual worker, combined with our new measures of the
average achievement levels of workers in each state, to gauge the contribution of differences in
achievement to differences in income levels across states.
As a group, Hispanics perform well below
average on national
achievement tests, and their
high school dropout rate is nearly four times that of their non-Hispanic white peers.
Although
high achievement, represented through grade point
average or class rank, was desirable, any performance short of failure was sufficient.
For a better sense of the magnitude of these estimates, consider a student who begins the year at the 50th percentile and is assigned to a top - quartile teacher as measured by the Overall Classroom Practices score; by the end of the school year, that student, on
average, will score about three percentile points
higher in reading and about two points
higher in math than a peer who began the year at the same
achievement level but was assigned to a bottom - quartile teacher.
He finds that replacing the least effective 5 to 8 percent of all teachers with
average teachers would bring the U.S. to a level of student
achievement equivalent to that of Canada, and replacing the least effective 7 to 12 percent of teachers with those of
average effectiveness would «move the United States to the level of the
highest - performing countries in the world, such as Finland.»
Furthermore, the research found that students who studied advanced maths qualifications earned 30 per cent more on
average and maintained
higher career
achievements.
The results showed that all students benefited from tracking, including those who started out with low,
average, and
high achievement.
They demonstrate that attending an oversubscribed charter middle or
high school has a clear positive effect on students» math and reading
achievement, but also find that this «on -
average» result obscures dramatic variation.
This belief is shared by the School Travel Forum, which reports that schools take an
average of 2.7 residential trips a year, resulting in
higher academic
achievement.
Rigorous studies consistently show that the impact of a more - effective teacher is substantial A
high - performing teacher, one at the 84th percentile of all teachers, when compared with just an
average teacher, produces students whose level of
achievement is at least 0.2 standard deviations
higher by the end of the school year.
Thus, an increase in the level of
achievement in
high school of a standard deviation yields an
average increase of between $ 110,000 and $ 230,000 in lifetime earnings.
If we then turn to the labor market, a student with
achievement (as measured by test performance in
high school) that is one standard deviation above
average can later in life expect to take in 10 to 15 percent
higher earnings per year.
Achievement in science was found to be not as
high, but is still above the international
average.
However, growth data from 2013 suggests that in the upper grades, on
average, students maintain their
high early
achievement rather than moving further ahead.
On
average, charter schools show
higher achievement than traditional public schools, especially with traditionally underserved student groups and in urban environments.
For students continuing from a KIPP middle school, KIPP
high schools» impacts on student
achievement are not statistically significant, on
average.
It has been shown in numerous national studies and surveys that, on
average, ELLs under achieve in comparison to their English - speaking peers in academic domains and that the
achievement gap tends to increase the
higher the grade level (e.g., Fry, 2007; Rumberger, 2007; McNeil et al., 2008).
Charter middle and
high schools produce test - score
achievement gains that are, on
average, similar to those of traditional public schools.
Exceeded statewide
averages for timely completion of associate's degrees — the first significant milestone to
higher education
achievement;
That
achievement level is adjusted once based on the extent to which the
average achievement in that state, as measured by the National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP), is
higher or lower than the national
average.
Achievement gaps between students of color and white students are
higher than the national
average, as are the gaps between the college enrollment rates of students of color and white students.
Curricular Coherence and the Common Core State Standards for Mathematics Educational Researcher, November 2012 Exploring the relationship of the CCSS in Mathematics (CCSSM) to student
achievement, these researchers found a
high degree of similarity between CCSSM and standards of the
highest - achieving nations on the 1995 Third International Mathematics and Science Study and that states with standards more like CCSSM have
higher 2009 National Assessment of Educational Progress scores on
average.
• «The amount of homework for
high school seniors has decreased... and grades have risen as
average student
achievement has been declining.»
For New York State, an
average achievement state, this would be the equivalent of an eight percent
higher GDP going into the future — enough to pay fully for K - 12 schools and to have considerable left over.
The third problem, Ho explains, raises concerns about
achievement gaps — for example,
average differences between test scores of white or
higher - income students and minority or poor students.
«Although it is too early to draw sweeping conclusions, the initial indications are that the
average student attending a charter school has
higher achievement than he or she otherwise would,» Miss Hoxby said.