At the same time, higher domestic gas prices drove
higher coal use in the power sector and higher international coal prices boosted exports and revenues for coal companies.
And most importantly, as a country with
high coal use and relatively low energy efficiency, Australia has much more room to manoeuvre than other countries that do not rely so much on coal or where energy productivity is already much higher.
Not exact matches
Higher use of oil and gas in transport, heating and industry would lead EON and RWE to export its surplus energy from
coal, gas, and nuclear to other European markets that are lagging behind.
«We can in fact help other parts of the world reduce their greenhouse gas emissions dramatically by providing them with lower - carbon fuels in other parts of the world where they are
using very
high - carbon fuels like
coal.»
Plus, more EPA mandates have driven the cost of mining and
using coal much
higher.
LONGWALL
COAL MINING A longwall miner used to extract coal in underground coal mining allows for a higher extraction rate of
COAL MINING A longwall miner
used to extract
coal in underground coal mining allows for a higher extraction rate of
coal in underground
coal mining allows for a higher extraction rate of
coal mining allows for a
higher extraction rate of
coalcoal
Preheat a gas gill to
high or, if
using charcoal, the
coals should be glowing.
If you're cooking over
coals,
use your tongs to build a ramp of embers climbing up to one side of the grill to create
high - low control.
The region with the
highest growth rate in
coal use in the IEA outlook period is in Southeast Asia, where Indonesia, Viet Nam, Malaysia and Philippines among others plan to underpin their power generation with new
coal power plants.
Combination of economic trends and policies Still, for now an array of Obama administration actions and economic trends are conspiring to cut emissions, according to EIA: Americans are
using less oil because of
high gasoline prices; carmakers are complying with federal fuel economy standards; electricity companies are becoming more efficient; state renewable energy rules are ushering wind and solar energy onto the power grids; gas prices are competitive with
coal; and federal air quality regulations are closing the dirtiest power plants.
In mountaintop mining, companies
use explosives and heavy machinery to clear away surface rocks and extract shallow deposits of
high - quality
coal.
The cost of one project can run at the $ 1 billion level or
higher, causing critics to say that full
use of CCS on most of the world's
coal plants would bankrupt the energy industry and possibly spur earthquakes (ClimateWire, June 19).
«There are also other important measures to reduce methane emissions from
coal mining, municipal waste treatment and gas distribution, for example, as well as black carbon emission reductions through elimination of
high - emitting vehicles,
use of cleaner biomass cooking and heating stoves, replacement of kerosene wick lamps with LED lamps and other measures,» adds Zbigniew Klimont of the International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis, Austria, who also took part in the study.
The world could cut greenhouse emissions by fracking for gas and replacing
coal - fired power stations, but
using gas to produce power could then lock us into a
high - carbon future.
States that
use coal power, such as Wyoming, West Virginia and Kentucky, have the
highest carbon dioxide emissions.
The analysis by Yang and Jackson finds that if the gas produced by the new plants is
used to generate electricity, the total lifecycle greenhouse gas emissions would be 36 percent to 82 percent
higher than pulverized
coal - fired power.
Across the country, the transport, mining and importing of
coal with an ash content
higher than 40 per cent and sulphur content
higher than 3 per cent is banned, effectively ending the
use of the poorest - quality
coal.
The world could cut greenhouse emissions by fracking for gas and replacing
coal - fired power stations, but
use of gas could then lock us into a
high - carbon future.
First identified by William Jevons in 1865 — when he noticed more efficient engines increased rather than reduced
coal use, as engines were put into more widespread
use — the rebound effect for
higher yields could see food prices drop, encouraging greater consumption, more food waste and even more conversion of habitats to farmland.
If the price on carbon is
high enough to penalize
coal consumption, the theory is it creates economic incentives to retrofit
coal plants or
use gas or wind power to generate electricity.
Instead, the company will
use high - sulfur
coal — mined mostly in Pennsylvania, Ohio, and West Virginia — and will then pull the sulfur out as part of the CCS process.
Among Freeman's specific recommendations are a «20 percent federal tax credit to electricity and natural gas utilities that gives
highest priority to the efficient
use of the energy they supply,» and ban on new
coal or nuclear plants and retirement of the existing plants within the next 30 years, government - funded demonstration plants for Big Solar and hydrogen, increasing federal fuel economy standards one mile - per - gallon a year over the next 24 years, tax credits for plug - in hybrids or flex - fuel vehicles, and an excess - profits tax on oil to fund the tax credits.
Yes, fossil fuels (oil,
coal, NG etc) still supply a very
high percentage of all the energy we
use.
Blue jeans
used to get their blue from indigo, a flowering plant (and you can still find
high - end, indigo - dyed selvedge denim), but that natural process is pricy, and now 90 percent of denim produced in China
uses cheap, synthetic dyes made from
coal tar, sulfur, and other toxic chemicals.
And Gundy melts over a foil - wrapped brick of gold from Ontario's Stirling Creamery: a
high - fat, European - style butter churned in batches
using two
coal - burning, steam - powered pasteurizers.
We find (i) measurements at all scales show that official inventories consistently underestimate actual CH4 [methane] emissions, with the natural gas and oil sectors as important contributors; (ii) many independent experiments suggest that a small number of «super-emitters» could be responsible for a large fraction of leakage; (iii) recent regional atmospheric studies with very
high emissions rates are unlikely to be representative of typical natural gas system leakage rates; and (iv) assessments
using 100 - year impact indicators show system - wide leakage is unlikely to be large enough to negate climate benefits of
coal - to - natural gas substitution.
Note that, paradoxically, low - resource cases will have
higher annual CO2 emissions in the near term, sinply due to the
use of
coal as a substitute for oil and gas.
China is the world's largest SO2 emitter, mostly due to the burning of
high - sulfur
coal in its many
coal - fired power plants, which lack the technology
used in many other countries to remove sulfur from smoke stack emissions.
Here's a solution: All the sovereign States with gas, oil, and
coal reserves, can
use their sovereign power to simply clamp down on production, driving FF prices
higher, and achieve the Nirvana New Energy Future as rapidly as is physically possible.
The progression is to
use up the
high - grade
coal first and then go to the lower - grades, which require lots of processing to eliminate particulates: Their low - grade makes them not as cheap as they appear, therefore they are not necessarily «low - cost».
Since the countries with low cost power are burning
coal while the countries with
high cost power are
using less CO2 intensive energy supplies, the net result is a gobal increase in CO2.
Currently, U.S. exports to Asia are somewhat constrained because there is little port capacity for big
coal ships on the U.S. West Coast, and because metallurgical
coal, the
high - heat content rock that is
used for steelmaking, is mined exclusively on the U.S. East Coast.
I believe there are many paths that we can / should follow to responsibly address AGW (I listed 7 areas, such as fast mitigation, natural gas
use (LNG),
high efficiency
coal plants, Renewables, etc).
As defined in Title 26 of the US Code (The Internal Revenue Code of 1986), refined
coal means a fuel which is a liquid, gaseous or solid fuel produced from
coal (including lignite) or
high carbon fly ash, including such fuel
used as a feedstock; and is sold with the reasonable expectation that it will be
used to produce steam, resulting in a qualified emission reduction.
As such, I believe there are many paths that we can / should follow to responsibly address AGW (I listed 7 areas, such as fast mitigation, natural gas
use (LNG),
high efficiency
coal plants, Renewables, etc).
Higher density sources of fuel such as
coal and natural gas utilized in centrally - produced power stations actually improve the environmental footprint of the poorest nations while at the same time lifting people from the scourge of poverty... Developing countries in Asia already burn more than twice the
coal that North America does, and that discrepancy will continue to expand... So, downward adjustments to North American
coal use will have virtually no effect on global CO2 emissions (or the climate), no matter how sensitive one thinks the climate system might be to the extra CO2 we are putting back into the atmosphere.
(It misses important subtleties in saying plug - ins won't help emissions in China or India today or in 2020 because of their
high use of
coal.
Due to the
high cost of capturing, transporting, and sequestering carbon dioxide, EPA expects that any new
coal fired power plants built in the foreseeable future will defray the costs of CCS by selling its carbon dioxide to oil companies, which can
use the gas to help extract oil by displacing liquid fuels deep underground, in a process known as CO2 enhanced oil recovery (or CO2 - EOR).
As an economy reduces its emissions it will start with the cheapest abatement measures (energy savings) and then move to the more expensive measures by replacing energy -
using equipment and switching from
high - emission sources such as
coal to low emission sources such as natural gas and nuclear power.
Anthracite: The
highest rank of
coal;
used primarily for residential and commercial space heating.
Not allowing facts to get in the way of its agenda, the Obama EPA just released its new power plant regulations, which will effectively end the
use of
coal in new power plants and force consumers to pay
higher electricity rates, predicated on
coal's contribution to climate change.
In emerging ASEAN, additional capacity of
coal - fired generation is likely to be built
using both
high efficiency and low efficiency of
coal - fired power plants depending on countries» environmental regulations and economic conditions.
The energy system reference cases
used for future greenhouse gas (GHG) emission pathways in climate change research are a case in point: baseline emission scenarios commonly project levels of
coal combustion many times
higher than current reserve estimates by the year 2100.
If TCR / ECS are lower than assumed by IPCC experts, and if we
use resource limits on oil, gas and
coal (rather than
using the hyper cornucopian figures
used in RCP8.5), then the market, emerging technology driven by
higher fossil fuel prices will reduce emissions to have concentration peak at ~ 630 ppm (that's a rough estimate).
The advantages of
using pelletized paper fuel include: a new
use for discarded paper; reduction in the consumption of non-renewable fossil fuels; paper provides a
higher level of heat generation; and because paper contains little Sulfur, its co-firing with
coal reduces Sulfur emissions.
Lignite, brown
coal used mainly at electricity generating plants, has the lowest carboncontent and heating value and is
high in ash and moisture.
As a general rule, in the SRES scenarios an increasing affluence causes energy
use per capita to rise and leads to the substitution of solid fuels, such as
coal and fuelwood, with energy forms of
higher quality.
China is now generating electricity
using coal fuel at record
high levels and in addition is engaging in efforts with other countries such as Pakistan to build large numbers of
coal plants in that country.
Combined with an ammonia - based storage system, the solar thermal concentrator will not only create carbon emission - free base load power, its technology could also be
used to one day solve the widening oil crisis and supplant
high - earning
coal exports, Prof Lovegrove said in Melbourne this week.»
The idea that many other world countries that desire
high energy growth
using coal fuel regardless of the greenhouse gas emission levels are going to abandon their enormous existing
use and future growth of
coal fuel because of California's ridiculous climate alarmist driven schemes is totally absurd.