Sentences with phrase «highest gene activity»
Her work proved — also for the first time — that the point of highest gene activity coincided with the point of greatest lipolysis.
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In this special section of Science, expert contributors retrace the long and tortuous path leading to the mapping and identification of the BRCA1 gene; discuss the ways in which BRCA mutation status has been integrated into the clinical management of patients in high - risk families; and highlight the role of the BRCA proteins in preserving the structural and numerical integrity of chromosomes throughout the cell cycle, a function that may explain their tumor suppressor activity.
Much higher levels of gene activity were triggered in these experiments than scientists have achieved before, says Michael Hemann, a cancer biologist at MIT.
The high overall activity of resistance genes did not cause any negative effects for the development of the wheat or its yield.
In mammals, lizards, turtles, and alligators, in contrast, activity of the WNT gene is highest on the sides of the embryonic face.
Publishing their findings in the open - access journal Nature Communications, the researchers discovered DNA sequences for «control dials» that consistently produce very high levels of gene activity.
But as you said, as an individual eats a high - fat diet or is exposed to other types of environmental exposures, the ability of the liver to adapt involves turning on and turning off certain liver genes to control the liver's activity, and that's mediated through these epigenetic mechanisms that modify the activity of established liver genes.
The gene for MAO - A has several variants, some of which are associated with relatively higher and lower levels of enzyme activity.
More activity of the neuroligin - 3 gene in high - grade gliomas was linked to shorter survival among patients with these tumors.
Warning: Smoking permanently damages genes Heavy smoking may trigger long - lasting changes in gene activity, possibly explaining the persistently higher risk of lung cancer and disease in those who kick the habit, according to a new study.
The gene's activity is higher in hybrid males carrying at least one copy of the promiscuous species» version than in males with two copies the monogamous version.
One extension of MRI called functional MRI can spot which brain areas are most active, but until now there hasn't been a high - resolution method for detecting enzyme activity — essentially a measure of what genes are turned on inside a cell.
Still, Dudley feels that evolutionary genetic analysis can help identify the most relevant genes and pathological mechanisms at play in schizophrenia and possibly other mental illnesses that preferentially affect humans — that is, neurodevelopmental disorders related to higher cognition and GABA activity, including autism and attention - deficit / hyperactivity disorder.
With gene activity - modulating parts integrating into the genome with such high efficiency, the researchers were able to randomly generate many different strains of yeast, each with its own unique set of modifications.
Geschwind and his colleagues found high activity in risk genes during two processes critical to early brain development.
The researchers found that gene expression patterns in the hippocampus accurately predicted whether the mice were in a state of high or low locomotor activity.
They assessed gene activity at time points known to correspond with key phases of disease: the «induction phase,» the time before the peak level of photoreceptor cell death; the «execution phase,» when the highest rates of photoreceptor cell death occur; and the «chronic phase,» during which photoreceptor cell death continues at somewhat reduced levels.
The research team led by Han used high - throughput techniques to alter the activity of dozens of genes in flies» hearts simultaneously in order to validate genes that cause heart disease.
After analyzing the data, he and his collaborators in Berlin are convinced that the activity of Shp2 and its target genes can predict the outcome of breast cancer: The less active Shp2 is, the higher the chance for the affected women to stay relapse - free after having undergone a successful breast cancer therapy.
«We found significantly higher levels of metabolic gene activity in fish exposed to higher temperatures for two generations, indicating that shifts in energy production are central to maintaining performance at higher temperatures.»
Once the bacterial cell signaling protein cagA reaches the host cytosol, it is capable of altering subsequent generations of progenitor cells, leading to the development of cancer through changes in mitotic activity, apoptosis, cellular assembly, and signaling.26 Although it should be noted that while the presence of the cagA protein doubles the risk of gastric cancer, cagA - negative strands also increase the risk of distal gastric cancer.27 Additional H pylori virulence factors include babA2, which encodes bacterial adhesion with gastric epithelial cells, and vacuolating cytotoxin A, which is encoded by the gene vacA.28, 29 H pylori strains carrying some combination of the babA2, cagA, and vacA genes were associated with the highest risk of developing intestinal metaplasia.
The treatment, which involves using an AAV vector to deliver high activity variant of the Factor IX gene, is currently undergoing Phase I / IIa clinical trials.
Some concerns had been raised that by infusing patients with such a high activity gene, the treatment would overcorrect for haemophilia and give rise to thrombosis.
Eight HARs showed differences in their enhancer activity when the human mutations were present.4 These differences modify how genes were expressed in the developing limb (HAR2, 2xHAR114), eye (HAR25), and central nervous system (2xHAR142, 2xHAR238, 2xHAR164, 2xHAR170, ANC516 / HARE5).4, 10 Because relatively few time points have been examined, it is likely that an even higher percentage of the tested HARs are active enhancers at some point during embryonic development or in adult tissues, possibly with human - chimp differences.
The resource provides services including: processing of the samples (cells or tissues) to make high quality chromatin for ChIP, ChIP with a set of validated antibodies for histone marks (Promoter marks: H3K4me3 and H3K27me3, Enhancer marks: H3K4me1 and H3K27ac, Gene body marks for transcription activity: H3K36me3 and H3K79me2, and Heterochromatin mark: H3K9me3), ChIP with investigator preferred custom antibodies, and library preparation from ChIP DNA and multi-plexing for high - throughput DNA sequencing.
More specifically, lower temperatures increase the activity of a gene that converts white fat to brown fat, which contributes to a higher resting metabolic rate and speeds up weight loss.
«When we looked specifically at the level of lifetime learning, we found that carriers of the APOE4 gene who had higher education and continued to learn through middle age had fewer amyloid deposition on imaging when compared to those who did not continue with intellectual activity in middle age,» she said.
It's also high in tomatidine, which has been shown to boost muscle mass in mice by reducing the activity of a gene called ATF4, known for inhibiting muscle protein synthesis.
Chlorella has very high levels of nucleic acids (DNA and RNA), which help regulate gene activity, cellular function, detoxification, and is very effective in slowing down the aging process through supporting cellular repair.
Like the rest of its cruciferous family, the Brussels sprout contains high levels of sulforaphane, a phytochemical with high antioxidant activity that has been shown to regulate genes that control proliferation of cancer cells.
The adult offspring of high compared to low maternal care mothers show epigenetic changes in promoters, exons, and gene ends associated with higher transcriptional activity across many genes within the locus examined.
Adults who had been categorized as behaviorally inhibited at the age of 2 years exhibited a higher amygdala activation in response to unknown vs familiar faces16 compared with adults who were uninhibited as children, consistent with the notion that novel or ambiguous environmental stimuli of potential biological relevance activate the amygdala.17 Turning to genes that can influence the neurobiological bases of the processing of emotions, 2 common alleles, the short (S) and the long (L), in a variable repeat sequence of the serotonin transporter (5 - HTT) promoter polymorphism (5 - HTTLPR) on human chromosome 17q11 have been differently associated with greater amygdala activity in response to angry or fearful faces18 in healthy adults.
We note that it was previously shown that genes with high CpG densities in their promoters tend to be involved in housekeeping activities in the cell [83].