Part of the answer lies in the cross-movement of theology and
historical consciousness in this century.
The full - fledged arrival of
historical consciousness in theology, best viewed in the often tortured, always honest, reflections of both Troeltsch and Lonergan, only heightened the need for new reflection in hermeneutics.
The principal advantage of accepting initially the assumptions of
the historical consciousness in religious or theological discourse is that one is not committed from the outset to possibly meaningless language regarding some realm of the supernatural.
But the common Christian believer may intuit the threat of
the historical consciousness in something like this crude way; the perceived threat can not be conjured away by unsupported exhortations for the believer to accept the modern world view.
The battle for
historical consciousness in theology has been waged for over 150 years.
Even so, the fight for
historical consciousness in mainline theologies seems basically secure.
Not exact matches
But Truth and Method moves steadily forward, past the preoccupation with the humanities, «horizons,» the «
historical and aesthetic
consciousness,» past conversation and language to its ultimate task, which is breaking down the «ontological prejudice» that modernity has housed
in a thousand institutions.
(As a
historical explanation it may be pointed out that the
consciousness industry
in Russia at the time of the October Revolution was extraordinarily backward; their productive capacity has grown enormously since then, but the productive relationships have been artificially preserved, often by force.
The black community
in America has confronted the reality of the
historical situation as immutable, impenetrable, but this experience has not produced passivity; it has, rather, found expression as forms of the involuntary and transformative nature of the religious
consciousness.
Most prefer not to reveal that they support a completely new
historical project, especially
in the late stages of an epoch defined by mass
consciousness and the priority of horizontal connectedness.
We can then highlight that element
in every human instance of dependent origination that introduces freedom and moral responsibility and the temporal asymmetry so important to the
historical consciousness.
Yet Bultmann still remains reluctant to interpret Jesus» present as based upon
historical encounter: «This judgement of his about his present comes from his own
consciousness of vocation; thus he creates it out of himself; and it is not, as was later the case
in his Church, based upon looking back upon an event decisive for him.
No doubt the total vision promised by an apocalyptic form of faith is not yet present upon our
historical horizon; for, immersed as we are
in a fully profane
consciousness, we would seem to have lost the very possibility of apocalyptic vision.
If human existence is reconceived
in a radical
historical consciousness, then the forms of love must be reconceived also.
We must ask whether the physical and
historical continuity that evolutionary theory posits,
in its picture of life and
consciousness arising from a soup of chemicals, rubs out the hierarchical distinction of levels.7
The idea of progress was one form
in which the new
historical sense came to birth; but the
historical consciousness can also be nihilistic, pessimistic, or realistic.
This means that through the internal creativity of the biblical perspective, joined with the modern
historical consciousness which it helped to create, a new possibility has been opened up for reconceiving the meaning of God's being
in relation to time and history.
But the fact, the great
historical fact, still to be set forth
in all its details and turned into cultural
consciousness, is that science owes its very birth to that dogma.
For myself, certain early formative influences
in the early «60s (biblical criticism, Bernard Lonergan's reflections on method and
historical consciousness, and the splendid ambience of student days
in Rome during the Second Vatican Council) solidified my own sharing
in the common conviction that there can be no return to a pre-ecumenical, prepluralistic, ahistorical theology.
At the level of assumption, the
historical consciousness is the awareness that every event or entity (including persons or religious traditions) possesses its own finite,
historical context and can be explained exhaustively
in terms of that context.
The
historical Dalit
consciousness in depicts even greater and deeper pathos than is found
in the Deuteronomic Creed.
It not only helps them to come to terms with their
historical consciousness, which is submerged
in pathos and protest, but also to comprehend a God who
in Jesus restores «humanness» to Dalits.
Using the Deuteronomic Creed as model, Dalit theology can construct the
historical Dalit
consciousness which has to do with their roots, identities and struggle for human dignity and «for the right to live as free people created
in the image of God.»
The maturing of a collective
consciousness accompanied by numerical expansion: these are two aspects inseparably linked
in the
historical unfolding of the Incarnation.
The second part of the book is theological rather than critical or
historical, and it advances the claim that it is precisely the most radical expressions of the profane
in the modern
consciousness (Dostoevsky, Nietzsche, Freud, Proust, Kafka and Sartre) that can be dialectically identified with the purest expressions of the sacred.
Ratzinger comments that the great synthesis found
in the traditional Christian interpretation, «would become problematic when
historical consciousness developed rules of interpretation that made Patristic exegesis appear non-
historical and so objectively indefensible».
As with the other world religions,
historical developments and the genius of the people who profess them are reflected
in the type and degree of
consciousness of solidarity
in Christianity.
The Bible is viewed not only as an
historical or canonical document, but as a description of the individual soul's journey of spiritual development and commentary on what happens when different states of
consciousness interact with one another
in the collective drama of human existence.
Indeed he can — because modern
consciousness has important roots
in the culture that preceded the Renaissance and the rise of modern science, as well as the rise of
historical consciousness.
Hans Georg Gadamer, «Problem of
Historical Consciousness,»
in Interpretive Social Science.
Accordingly, «effective
historical consciousness» becomes indispensable
in summoning explanation as primordial understanding extends itself into interpretation and by the fusion of horizons attempts to render near what is far.
In most New Thought denominations a distinction is made between the
historical person, Jesus of Nazareth, and the Christ
consciousness he is believed to embody.
Consequently, any «effective
historical consciousness» that might have emerged from their primordial condition of «belonging to» to make them aware of their distinctive vantage point and to open their horizon to the otherness of the story may have been suppressed by the perspective of their hierarchical position
in the Tiv polity.
«Effective
historical consciousness» operating
in and through philological and
historical investigation, augmented by the social sciences, will elucidate the horizon of the text and explicate the socio - cultural idiosyncracies of its repertoire.
Moreover, America is a deep site of this ending, for America is the furthest extension of modernity, and whereas the
historical limitations of European self -
consciousness precludes
in fact the realization of its own demand that God actually die, the complete actualization of the death of God occurs for the first time
in the American
consciousness (page 596).
Hegel's Phenomenology is often judged to be the most revolutionary of all philosophical works, and it is clearly revolutionary
in understanding
consciousness itself as a consistently and comprehensively evolving
consciousness, evolving from the pure immediacy of sense - certainty to absolute knowing, and this evolution is internal and
historical at once.
And as this
historical consciousness began to emerge, the question of meaning
in history arose along with it.
In either case a claim for experience is being made, whether at the historical or the redactional level: that religiousness can be a social neurosis which blocks the healing of others and oneself, and that its resistance to healing arises from the splitting - off and repression in oneself and in society of what is unacceptable to consciousness (hence the role of forgiveness in the story
In either case a claim for experience is being made, whether at the
historical or the redactional level: that religiousness can be a social neurosis which blocks the healing of others and oneself, and that its resistance to healing arises from the splitting - off and repression
in oneself and in society of what is unacceptable to consciousness (hence the role of forgiveness in the story
in oneself and
in society of what is unacceptable to consciousness (hence the role of forgiveness in the story
in society of what is unacceptable to
consciousness (hence the role of forgiveness
in the story
in the story).
His article, «Science Three, Religion Zero,» asserts with a confidence wondrously uninhibited by learning that religion has been done
in by the Copernican revolution, evolutionary theory, and
historical - critical
consciousness.
people and congregations are blown to and fro by the winds of secularization, but unlike the students they have little or no experience of
historical consciousness applied to faith, hence must live
in a changed world by means of antiquated pieties and timeworn concepts of authority, morality and the Bible.
What would be involved
in teaching seminary students — assuming that the seminary's goal is its graduates» success
in importing
historical consciousness to Christian congregations?
And for those theological students who first knew the faith only
in authoritarian, biblicistic or pietistic forms, study of it by way of
historical consciousness proves a liberating experience.
If
historical consciousness has
in fact brought about a liberating way of studying and living the faith, surely it should not he kept from the churches.
In my opinion, historical consciousness affects the interpretation of the Christian faith in a more far - reaching way than the Reformation affected Catholic Christianit
In my opinion,
historical consciousness affects the interpretation of the Christian faith
in a more far - reaching way than the Reformation affected Catholic Christianit
in a more far - reaching way than the Reformation affected Catholic Christianity.
It is remarkable how often he takes ideas developed by those who assumed that the civilizing of humanity and the emergence of the
historical consciousness are some kind of progress, agrees with them, and then shows how this has
in fact been a deepening of alienation.
The rationale for process theology evolved from philosophical critiques of Augustine's attempt to combine the living God of the Bible with the changeless being of neo-platonic metaphysics and reframed the doctrine of God
in relation to a contemporary view of nature and the new
historical consciousness.
Just as the prophetic reformulation of Israel's earlier traditions generates a form of
historical awareness, so our critique of the pretensions of
consciousness in the critical study of texts gives us
historical sense.
«47 And third, it is through this work of reinterpreting its own traditions that Israel as a community develops a
historical consciousness, thereby becoming a
historical reality, if it is true, as critical scholarship suggests, that Israel did not exist as a unified entity until the amphictyonic period after the settlement of Canaan, then we can say that «by elaborating this history as a living tradition, Israel projected itself into the past as a single people, to whom occurred, as to an indivisible totality, the deliverance from Egypt, the revelation on Sinai, the wandering
in the desert, the gift of the Promised Land.
To account for this priority of
historical testimony over self
consciousness, I would refer you to the description Kant gives of «aesthetic ideas»
in the Critique of Judgment.
Clearly, the understanding of these matters that underlies the demand for justice
in the specifically political sense is closely related to our distinctively modern
historical consciousness, by which I mean our
consciousness of ourselves as
historical subjects who bear full responsibility for creating ourselves and one another
in and through our creation of society and culture.