These snail shells, which are made of calcium carbonate, could fill in gaps in
historical rainfall records and help scientists understand the evolution of monsoons on the Indian subcontinent, he explained.
These snail shells, which are made of calcium carbonate, could fill in gaps in
historical rainfall records and help scientists understand the evolution of monsoons on the Indian subcontinent, he explained.
With Denniston and Gonzales, Villarini examined
historical rainfall records from a weather station near the cave.
Not exact matches
The ratio of strontium to calcium in a given layer of coral reef — as well as the amount of a heavier isotope of oxygen in the carbonate itself — reflect the temperature in this
historical record, but the isotopic information also reveals
rainfall.
(By contrast, the
historical record indicates that the traditional El Niño, which occurs in the eastern Pacific, has little effect on
rainfall levels in the subcontinent.)
Studies of
historical records in India suggest that reduced monsoon
rainfall in central India has occurred when the sea surface temperatures in specific regions of the Pacific Ocean were warmer than normal.
They applied it to the area around the Walnut Gulch Experimental Watershed in Arizona, a place with excellent long - term
historical rainfall data
recorded on a per - minute basis.
Drought always causes higher temperatures, but curiously they also reported that given the lack of
rainfall the high temperatures were not as high as expected writing, «The scatter plot shows that 2012 was the driest summer in the
historical record, though the temperature anomaly of +2 °C was exceeded by two prior summers — 1934 and 1936.
The warming
records that article talks about are one offs, and beat by a slim temporary margin, whereas things like the California droughts are
historical and mostly in a desert area already, which was charged up by heavy
rainfall this spring, which led to so many ladder fuels to burn when it inevitably dries out by mid summer to late fall.
Ghosh and his colleagues report in their paper that by using data from fresh and archived shells, they can independently verify
historical human
rainfall records.
Among the other
rainfall records set this month: least year - to - date precipitation (6.53 inches;
historical average 16.03 inches; previous
record 9.36 inches in 1917); driest consecutive 8, 9 and 10 months on
record (7.25 inches 8.35 inches, and 9.17 inches respectively); and driest 12 months ending in July (15.16 inches, previous
record 16.46 inches in 1925).
•
Record - breaking
rainfall in the Ohio valley in the spring and summer, combined with melting snowpack, resulted in
historical flooding along the Mississippi River and its tributaries.