Overall, chelation therapy modestly reduced bad outcomes (
hospitalization for chest pain, stroke, heart attack, and need for a stent) compared to the placebo group.
Recovery and outcomes were assessed in several ways: MACE (major adverse cardiac events, ranging from
hospitalization for chest pain to death), ejection fraction, measured by magnetic resonance imaging, and perfusion or blood flow in the heart, measured by SPECT imaging.
The favorable effects on cholesterol did not translate into any reduction in the study's primary endpoint: the amount of time until cardiovascular death, heart attack, stroke, coronary artery bypass surgery or
hospitalization for chest pain due to unstable angina, a restriction in the flow of blood through the heart's arteries.
Smoke exposure increases respiratory and cardiovascular
hospitalizations, emergency department visits, and medication dispensations
for asthma, bronchitis,
chest pain, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (commonly known by its acronym, COPD), respiratory infections, and medical visits
for lung illnesses.38, 43,160 It has been associated with hundreds of thousands of deaths annually, in an assessment of the global health risks from landscape fire smoke.38, 43,44,141,45 Future climate change is projected to increase wildfire risks and associated emissions, with harmful impacts on health.18, 161,162,10,163,164,36