Sentences with phrase «host immune system»

But this microscopic menagerie of organisms has the uncanny ability to rapidly adapt to vastly different environments and evade host immune systems.

Iwai Y, Ishida M, Tanaka Y, Okazaki T, Honjo T, Minato N. Involvement of PD - L1 on tumor cells in the escape from host immune system and tumor immunotherapy by PD - L1 blockade.

These viruses have developed many clever ways to avoid detection by the host immune system — essentially every step in the immune process can be altered or controlled by various genes found in one virus or another.

«The inactivated STAT1 form inhibits signal transduction by interferon, thus allowing SeV to escape the action of the host immune system,» he explained.

A research group at Hiroshima University demonstrated the mechanism by which the Sendai virus (SeV) escapes the host immune system.

By chemically removing the gut microbiome in zebrafish in the lab and then repopulating the gut with two to three bacterial species, University of Oregon biologist Karen Guillemin has shown that certain microbes are especially skilled at suppressing the host immune system and preventing inflammation — a discovery she thinks may have implications for human health.

The peptides not only killed bacteria directly, but also ramped up the host immune system to help clear infections more quickly.

Because they and others had previously identified a particular sugar in the cell wall of A. fumigatus called GAG, short for «galactosaminogalactan», as critical to the fungus» ability to outwit the host immune system, the researchers started by testing whether differences in GAG production contribute to differences in the virulence (i.e. the ability to cause disease) observed among Aspergillus species.

«Because the virus is more visible to the host immune system,» says Ren Sun, a virologist at UCLA, «it stimulates a very strong immune response.»

The U-M team used immune checkpoint blockade combined with gene therapy to block the cancer cells from hijacking the host immune system.

«Just sequencing the gut flora gives you an inventory of the bacteria, but does not tell you how they are perceived by the host immune system,» said co-author Dr. Kenneth Simpson, professor of small animal medicine at Cornell's College of Veterinary Medicine whose laboratory characterized the E. coli identified in the study.

The biofilm communities harbored genes related to disinfectant tolerance, which constituted 2.3 percent of the total annotated proteins — and a lower abundance of virulence determinants related to colonization and evasion of the host immune system.

«Brain cancer cells are very good at evading the host immune system, because they do not express specific targets that can be recognized by immune cells,» said Liau, professor and vice chair of neurosurgery.

Nonetheless, diverse groups of microbes have evolved to prosper in the GI tract, in the setting of intense interspecies competition, physical and chemical stressors, and the host immune system (Ley et al, 2006; Dethlefsen et al, 2007).

Among his most important accomplishments was the description of a key mechanism by which tumor cells can escape the host immune system.

Ethanol is given to induce breaks of the mucosal barrier that will allow TNBS to enter and chemically modify colonic proteins rendering them immunogenic to the host immune system.

UPEC causes more than three - quarters of UTIs in otherwise healthy women, and the bacteria produce «stealth» siderophores that evade the host immune system and are unique to them.

In mosquitoes recently transinfected with Wolbachia the antiviral effect is frequently associated with activation of the host immune system [29]--[35], while in natural co-evolved D. melanogaster — Wolbachia associations antiviral protection is strong but expression of immune genes remains unchanged [31], [36]--[38].

These findings support our hypothesis that the manner in which CMV and the host immune system interact is critical in determining the IRP and hence is predictive of mortality.

Our scientists also continue to investigate the mechanisms by which HIV integrates and replicates within human hosts, while evading the host immune system.

This disruptive approach to cancer therapy targets that which is common to all tumors, the host immune system.

RIPR may be similarly masked from the host immune system, but further work with this antigen is clearly required.

Dr. Gollnick's laboratory explores how tumor cells co-opt the host immune system to promote chronic inflammation that leads to increased vascularization, suppression of anti-tumor immunity and increased tumor cell proliferation and migration.

In patients with cancer, both cancer cells and the host immune system produce substances known as cytokines which trigger alterations in carbohydrate, protein and fat metabolism.

They die or are killed by the host immune system during their journey.