Sentences with phrase «hotter ocean surface»

Feverishly hot ocean surface waters potentially reaching more than 104 degrees Fahrenheit (40 degrees Celsius) may have helped cause the greatest mass extinction in Earth's history, researchers say.

Not exact matches

While Venus might have once had oceans and a more temperate climate (SN Online: 8/26/16), today it is home to a crushing carbon dioxide atmosphere and surface temperatures exceeding 460 ° C — hot enough to melt lead.

The plume's more southern location, Toomey said, adds fuel to his group's findings, at three different sites along the globe encircling mid-ocean ridge (where 85 percent of Earth's volcanic activity occurs), that Earth's internal convection doesn't always adhere to modeling efforts and raises new questions about how ocean plates at Earth's surface — the lithosphere — interact with the hotter, more fluid asthenosphere that sits atop the mantle.

Most researchers accept what's called the magma ocean theory — that soon after its formation the moon was so hot that it was covered with a deep ocean of molten rock that cooled to form the surface we see today.

Co-author of the study Dr Wim Degruyter, from Cardiff University's School of Earth and Ocean Sciences, said: «Our current understanding tells us that hot magma can be injected from Earth's lower crust into colder surroundings near the surface.

The waters probed during this study, known as the California Current, are a hot spot of ocean acidification because of coastal upwelling, which brings naturally acidic waters to the surface, where they are made even more acidic by greenhouse gas pollution.

The major influences on ocean chemistry today are hydrothermal flow (hot water that has circulated through the crust) and surface weathering (the river transport of material eroded from land into the ocean).

The El Nino weather pattern is a warming of ocean surface temperatures in the eastern and central Pacific and usually brings hot, dry, and often drought conditions to Australia.

Deep below the ocean's surface are hydrothermal vent fields, or submarine hot springs that can reach temperatures of up to 400 °C.

And planetary geologists had seen signs in the moon's surface lavas that indicate that its 100 known volcanic hot spots are fed by a deep magma «ocean.»

Washington, DC — Plumes of hot magma from the volcanic hotspot that formed Réunion Island in the Indian Ocean rise from an unusually primitive source deep beneath the Earth's surface, according to new...

As the Earth continued to cool from Years 0.1 to 0.3 billion, a torrential rain fell that turned to steam upon hitting the still hot surface, then superheated water, and finally collected into hot or warm seas and oceans above and around cooling crustal rock leaving sediments.

Hotter air on the Earth's surface leads to higher ocean temperatures, which causes ocean expansion and sea level rise;

The most plausible source of this hydrogen is hydrothermal reactions between hot rocks and water in the ocean beneath the moon's icy surface.

«2015 is likely to be the hottest year on record with ocean surface temperatures at the highest level since measurements began.

Near subduction zones, plates collide, forcing ocean crust down toward Earth's hot interior, where this crustal material melts, forming magma that rises buoyantly back to the surface and erupts to create volcanoes and seamounts.

Writing in Earth's Future, an American Geophysical Union journal, the researchers concluded that both hurricane peaks coincided with periods when surface waters of the Atlantic Ocean were hotter than normal.

Washington, DC — Plumes of hot magma from the volcanic hotspot that formed Réunion Island in the Indian Ocean rise from an unusually primitive source deep beneath the Earth's surface, according to new work in Nature from Carnegie's Bradley Peters, Richard Carlson, and Mary Horan along with James Day of the Scripps Institution of Oceanography.

As you will know, heat passes from a hotter to a cooler body; and on the average, the surface layers of the oceans are cooler than the air above them (as anyone who has tried swimming in the North Sea on a sunny day in August will testify).

For example: 1) plants giving off net CO2 in hot conditions (r / t aborbing)-- see: http://www.climateark.org/articles/reader.asp?linkid=46488 2) plants dying out due to heat & drought & wild fires enhanced by GW (reducing or cutting short their uptake of CO2 & releasing CO2 in the process) 3) ocean methane clathrates melting, giving off methane 4) permafrost melting & giving off methane & CO2 5) ice & snow melting, uncovering dark surfaces that absorb more heat 6) the warming slowing the thermohaline ocean conveyor & its up - churning of nutrients — reducing marine plant life & that carbon sink.

Plumes of hot magma from the volcanic hotspot that formed Réunion Island in the Indian Ocean rise from an unusually primitive source deep beneath the Earth's surface, according to new work in Nature from Carnegie's Bradley...

World ocean surface temperature spikes were the primary driver of the new global surface temperature record with NOAA's measure showing a majority of months as hottest ever recorded for the world ocean.

CH, what percentage of heat is added to the atmosphere by burning compared to that added from hot sunlit surfaces, or the latent heat from all the oceans, or radiated heat from the ground?

Overall ocean surface warmth, however, was extraordinary throughout September, pushing well above the global average and ranging, in GFS models, from 0.7 C to 1.2 C above the already hotter than normal 1979 to 2000 average.

Indeed, last week we learned from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration that the first eight months of 2015 were the hottest such stretch yet recorded for the globe's surface land and oceans, based on temperature records going back to 1880.

The tropical ocean surfaces are not warming as fast, which is also why the hot spot lags.

We all know that the Sun can make a black asphalt road surface far hotter than the surface of the ocean.

Global warming took surface temperatures in 2017 to near - record levels, while the upper oceans reached their hottest known level.

19 January, 2018 — Global warming took surface temperatures in 2017 to near - record levels, while the upper oceans reached their hottest known level.

«Since 1990, surface ocean pH has directly been measured or calculated at several locations, with the average recent decrease estimated as 0.0019 pH units per year at the Hawaii Ocean Time - series (HOT; close to the site of long - term atmospheric CO2 measurements at Mauna Loa)[12]; 0.0017 per year based on transects in the North Pacific [13]; 0.0012 per year at the Bermuda Atlantic Time - Series (BATS)[14] and 0.0017 per year at the European Station for Time - Series in the Ocean at the Canary Islands (ESTOC)ocean pH has directly been measured or calculated at several locations, with the average recent decrease estimated as 0.0019 pH units per year at the Hawaii Ocean Time - series (HOT; close to the site of long - term atmospheric CO2 measurements at Mauna Loa)[12]; 0.0017 per year based on transects in the North Pacific [13]; 0.0012 per year at the Bermuda Atlantic Time - Series (BATS)[14] and 0.0017 per year at the European Station for Time - Series in the Ocean at the Canary Islands (ESTOC)Ocean Time - series (HOT; close to the site of long - term atmospheric CO2 measurements at Mauna Loa)[12]; 0.0017 per year based on transects in the North Pacific [13]; 0.0012 per year at the Bermuda Atlantic Time - Series (BATS)[14] and 0.0017 per year at the European Station for Time - Series in the Ocean at the Canary Islands (ESTOC)Ocean at the Canary Islands (ESTOC)[15].

When many modern families of animals developed in a hot greenhouse world in which a warm ocean and land filled most of earths surface with fertile shallow seas and vast tropical jungles.

So, if the surface of the ocean is hotter, what is the knock - on effect on clouds?

That surface is hotter than the floor of the ocean, and so there is significant downward diffusion of thermal energy which then does not surface again until it reaches the polar regions.

And while many factors shape sea surface temperatures in a given place, the overall trend — directly linked to climate change — is toward hotter oceans.

The heavier, hotter, saltier waters sank — carrying with them the Equatorial surface heat which they then delivered to the ocean bottom.

If it gets too hot, the oceans heat up, evaporation increases, high altitude clouds form, and they reflect back sunlight and shade the surface more, compensating and regulating temperatures so that life survives.

Currents that move through the upper ocean then dive down to depth may move some of the surface heat to the deeper waters, especially where the currents have dived not just from cooling water (hot water would tend to go up, cold water would tend to go down) but because it is driven in «conveyor» systems which may run counter to expectations of where water should go when considering only local conditions, and especially, if the water is dropping because of an increase in salinity.

That envelope is not just a matter of global - average surface temperature (to which the misleadingly innocuous term «global warming» applies) but of averages and extremes of hot and cold, wet and dry, snowpack and snowmelt, wind and storm tracks, and ocean currents and upwellings; and not just the magnitude and geographic distribution of all of these, but also the timing.

It has already been confirmed by the NOAA and international meteorological agencies that 2014 was the hottest year to date, with climbing ocean surface temperatures in the north largely to blame.

Back radiation can only heat the ocean if the air temperature is warmer than the surface skin temperature (back radiation will contribute to the downward energy flux in all cases, but heat transfer, which is the net energy flow, always goes from hot to cold).

The oceans control the background rate of energy flow from ocean to air via The Hot Water Bottle Effect and it is the energy flow from ocean to air (supplemented to a miniscule extent by the greenhouse effect) that drives the rate of evaporation by creating varying temperature differentials between sea surface and air at the surface.

Olgun, N. et al. (2011) Surface ocean iron fertilization: The role of airborne volcanic ash from subduction zone and hot spot volcanoes and related iron flues into the Pacific Oocean iron fertilization: The role of airborne volcanic ash from subduction zone and hot spot volcanoes and related iron flues into the Pacific OceanOcean.

But when that ocean is hot — and at the moment sea surface temperatures off the Northeast are five degrees higher than normal — a storm like Sandy can lurch north longer and stronger, drawing huge quantities of moisture into its clouds, and then dumping them ashore.

I'm pretty sure the reason is because if you strip the ocean out of the coupled models the earth would be completely covered in snow in a matter of weeks and would stay the way for millions of years while CO2 built up in the atmosphere from volcanic discharges until it was as thick as the Venusion atmosphere and then it would be a runaway greenhouse same as Venus with the final stable state hot enough to melt lead on the surface.

Hot on the heels of last months reporting of a discrepancy in the ocean surface temperatures, a new paper in Nature (by Domingues et al, 2008) reports on the revisions of the ocean heat content (OHC) data — a correction required because of other discrepancies in measuring systems found last year.

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