A quasar from the early universe could help us understand
how the biggest black holes form and when the universe had its last major transformation
The discovery of so many supermassive black holes existing when the universe was only 1.4 billion years old adds to the mystery of
how the biggest black holes evolved.
Not exact matches
If you take the time to look up into the sky at night, or amaze at life itself, or think deeply about
black holes, or try to understand
how complicated something as simple as a tree leaf is, and NOT think there is the possibility of there being angels, demons, God, and Satan... well, then I say you are missing something
big.
Considering we are seeing this giant
black hole's activity from a time when the universe was only a tenth of its present age, astronomers are puzzled about
how it could've grown so
big so fast.
«Red stars and
big bulges:
How black holes shape galaxies.»
These gas - filled limbs are often where new stars form, and can constrain
how big a galaxy's central
black hole grows.
A new study published in Physical Review Letters outlines
how scientists could use gravitational wave experiments to test the existence of primordial
black holes, gravity wells formed just moments after the
Big Bang that some scientists have posited could be an explanation for dark matter.
Astrophysicists don't fully understand
how such
big black holes could have formed.
Merritt's calculations show that, no matter
how rapidly the
bigger black hole is spinning initially, its orientation should be substantially changed.
Scientists aren't sure
how black holes grew so
big so early.
Hawking spent much of his later years trying to figure out
how a
black hole could regurgitate information — although he also worked on theories of what triggered the
big bang.
And because of parallels between
black holes and the
Big Bang,
black holes might help explain
how the universe was formed.
Evidence for supermassive
black holes — weighing millions or billions of suns — has been found in the early universe, but no one knows
how they grew so
big so fast.
The calculation touches on one of the
biggest mysteries in physics:
how all of the information trapped in a
black hole leaks out as the
black hole «evaporates.»
«We were able to work out
how many
big black holes should exist, and it ended up being in the millions — way more than I anticipated.»
Smith and his team favour the latter explanation, but just
how ancient
black holes got so
big so quickly remains a mystery.
How these
black holes got so
big is still a mystery: did they grow gradually from mergers of smaller
black holes, coalescing when their host galaxies merged?
u «Astronomers are puzzled about
how the oldest supermassive
black holes could have grown so
big so early in cosmic history.»
That incredible distance means it dates back to when the first stars blinked on, which raises the question of
how a
black hole that
big arose so soon after the universe began.
u «The daunting problem for theories of structure formation in the Universe is to understand
how such huge
black holes [3 billion solar masses] and the vast reservoirs of gaseous fuel were assembled so soon after the
Big Bang...» Edwin L. Turner, «Through a Lens Brightly,» Nature, 27 June 2002, p. 905.
The research may solve the long - standing puzzle of
how supermassive
black holes were formed in the centers of some galaxies less then a billion years after the
Big Bang.
The supermassive
black hole formed during the earliest moments of the universe, which has researchers puzzled over
how it got to be so
big.
«
How do you build such a
big black hole in such a short time?
Now that we know J1342 +0928 is home to an 800 million solar mass supermassive
black hole, the
big question is,
how the heck did it get so gargantuan?
Given the 13.8 billion years that have passed since the
Big Bang, it may be enough time for supermassive
black holes to grow to their gigantic sizes, but
how then do we explain that some of them formed less than 800 million years after the universe came into existence?
Further observations of the quasar will provide researchers with even more constraints on
how black holes in the early universe can form — giving a better insight into what happened just after the
Big Bang.
Once a supermassive
black hole turns into a quasar, its proximity zone grows very quickly, and by observing
how big this zone is, scientists can estimate the duration the quasar has been active for.
Trying to explain
how the supermassive
black holes in our modern universe consumed enough matter to become so
big is difficult enough, but finding an 800 million solar mass monster that existed only 690 million years after the Big Bang is a serious head - scratch
big is difficult enough, but finding an 800 million solar mass monster that existed only 690 million years after the
Big Bang is a serious head - scratch
Big Bang is a serious head - scratcher.
Here's
how fast hype travels across the
black hole of Sundance: In a matter of hours, a movie can go from unknown entity — blessed with no anticipatory buzz, inspiring little preemptive fanfare — to one of the
biggest acquisitions in the history of the festival.
Creatures When dropping Toki in a nest, birds now have a «cooldown», so they won't instantly pick you up again when walking out of the nest Birds don't stop anymore when they sense vibration, making them less annoying when accidentically stomping near them No more random sorting of creatures: they all appear on their assigned depth value, preventing smaller creatures from sometimes getting lost behind
bigger creatures Fixed the «spawning multiple camera birds» bug Slug corpses can't kill anymore, so no more accidentally walking into them and dying Bugs When stomped, berrybugs and copybugs now always hop the same distance (3 tiles), making their behavior more predictible Berrybugs now briefly stop if they detect an edge above their heads while walking on the floor, making it easier to stomp them onto a wall Copybugs and berrybugs get stunned when they're in the trajectory of a to be spawned bubble, so they can't hop / roll away before bubble is spawned Glowy berrybugs now use the same turn animation as normal berrybugs, so no more faster glow bugs Frogs and bubbles Bubbles now prioritize Toki Tori over other entities, so no more accidental berrybug ballooning Added a small delay before catching an entity in a bubble to allow for catching Toki Tori, even if he's a little further away than an entity Added possibility to queue a «turn by whistle» while the frog is running towards a berrybug, so you don't have to wait before being able to let the frog face the desired direction Fixed a problem where a fat frog won't belch anymore Achievements In - menu achievements system, including progress achievements Added a number of new achievements Tokidex completion is now a progress achievement (you can see
how far along you are) Fixed the Fried Chicken achievement, so it's less hard to get All electrocuted entities now count for the X-Ray Enthusiast achievement Menu Completely new, streamlined and fast to access menu system Ability to set language from menu New font Graphics Improved presentation of telepathic Ancient Frog messages, fixed a problem where sometimes they'd spawn multiple times Fixed
black flickering when buttonbashing during fades and level transitions Screenfades are now 100 %
black Added button prompts to the first time you need to use whistle and stomp Areas and puzzles Added l - ife area for Ife < 3 Added an extra landing stone in the wasteland area Added more snow globes: — RRB - Water mountain approach: berrybug in the «pro» puzzle can no longer be lost Water mountain top: frog for Ancient Frog puzzle now starts bloated, added light to make «pro» puzzle easier to execute Shaft top: Small tweak to make sure berrybug isn't killed by the slugs midway through the level Water cave: made the light shaft where you need to whistle the hermit crab a bit wider, created
hole for frogs at end of level to prevent them from falling down, made some «pro» puzzles a bit more forgiving Dark forest: lowered warp when entering dark area, so it's easier to travel up with a bubble Lava cave: improved bat puzzle Meadow: made some pro puzzles less difficult Hideout: removed alternative solution for Ancient Frog puzzle Descent: made it easier to pick up fat frog at beginning