Sentences with phrase «how brain genes»

Ours is the first study describing how brain genes affect food intake and dietary preferences in a group of healthy people.»

Not exact matches

2) As to Neanderthal they did not have the brain capacity (Steve Olson, Mapping Human History: Genes, Race, and Our Common Origins (New York: Houghton Mifflin Co., 2002), to wonder, thus not the first Adam 3) Nicodemus went to Jesus in the dark of night and Jesus said «I have spoken to you of earthly things and you do not believe so how can you believe when I speak of heavenly things».

The genes in the network are thought to be involved in how brain cells communicate with each other.

15 years after a gene defect was found to increase the risk of schizophrenia 30-fold, scientists have figured out how it might cause the brain disorder's debilitating symptoms

«The key point here is that we can say something about how the gene acts to influence this behavior — that is, is by functioning as a chemical messenger in cells that control this behavior in the brain.

Now a gene that causes such disorders has been found, and it may help unravel a deeper mystery: how it is that the left side of our brain controls the right side of the body, and vice versa.

The study, which is published in the journal Molecular Psychiatry, describes a possible mechanism for how the gene variant produces clinical symptoms by affecting levels of specific proteins in the brain.

To learn how the rats» genes had changed in response to the brain injury, the researchers analyzed genes from five animals in each group.

We're funding researchers to investigate how drugs alter what genes are activated such that they modify the function of the cells, and how this, in turn, modifies the functions of brain circuits, and how that modifies behavior.

Page and his colleagues, who use animal models to understand how autism risk factors impact the developing brain and to identify potential treatments for the condition, have found that animals with mutations in the autism risk gene phosphatase and tensin homolog (Pten) mimic aspects of autism, including increased brain size, social deficits and increased repetitive behavior.

But how did the human brain get larger than that of our closest living relative, the chimpanzee, if almost all of our genes are the same?

For them, the discovery of how an individual becomes gay is likely to shed light on how sexuality - related genes build brains, how people of any persuasion are attracted to each other, and perhaps even how homosexuality evolved.

«Enigmatic gene critical for a healthy brain: New research has shown how an unusual gene is needed for brain development in young mice.»

Over the past 15 years, the GFP gene has enabled scientists to watch a plethora of previously murky biological processes in action: how nerve cells develop in the brain, how insulin - producing beta cells form in the pancreas of an embryo, how proteins are transported within cells, and how cancer cells metastasize through the body.

The researchers found that adolescents who had a variation of another gene, which contributes to how quickly serotonin is recycled in the brain and which has been linked to hostile behavior in children, were more likely to exhibit signs of psychopathy.

«We used the Allen Human Brain Atlas data to quantify how consistent the patterns of expression for various genes are across human brains, and to determine the importance of the most consistent and reproducible genes for brain function.&rBrain Atlas data to quantify how consistent the patterns of expression for various genes are across human brains, and to determine the importance of the most consistent and reproducible genes for brain function.&rbrain function.»

The Duke researchers who made this discovery say it may help explain how a relatively small number of genes can create the dazzling array of different cell types found in human brains and the nervous systems in other animals.

Now, an international team of scientists has made inroads to understanding how genes influence brain structure and cognitive abilities and how neural circuits produce language.

DNA studies have zeroed in on various genes, including the glucocorticoid receptor gene, that dictate how intensely our brains and bodies react to stress.

«Determining the role of ZNF804A is the first step in understanding how schizophrenia - associated genes contribute to abnormal brain development,» said Mao.

Establishing links between genes, the brain and human behavior is a central issue in cognitive neuroscience research, but studying how genes influence cognitive abilities and behavior as the brain develops from childhood to adulthood has proven difficult.

The newly unmasked genes play a role in three distinctively different bodily functions, including systems that control inflammation and cholesterol and the regulation of how brain cells clean up toxic proteins.

Recent research also has illuminated how the deadly cascade that leads to brain atrophy is set in motion: The buildup of amyloid plaques, working in tandem with certain gene mutations, sparks the formation of the renegade tau proteins.

To test this hypothesis, an international team led by evolutionary biologist Philipp Khaitovich of the Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences in China and the Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology in Leipzig, Germany, set out to see how many brain - related genes implicated in schizophrenia underwent positive natural selection since humans and chimpanzees diverged from a common ancestor between 5 million and 7 million years ago.

The observation could explain how a gene that specifies a particular behavior can adapt to accommodate changes in brain circuitry that happen over evolutionary time.

The researchers investigated 16 groups of female and male mice offspring exposed to maternal diet - induced obesity and male hormone excess and studied how these environmental factors affected the mice's behaviour as well as gene expression in the brain.

How do brains grow, how do genes build complicated nervous systeHow do brains grow, how do genes build complicated nervous systehow do genes build complicated nervous systems?

Researchers say that future studies could look at how changes in these genes may bring about this risk of — or resilience — to brain injury.

When multiple maps are overlaid, patterns begin to emerge that show how different regions of the brain activate specific and often discrete complements of genes.

How do these imprinted genes related to brain function fit into the scheme of intersexual warfare?

Researchers have identified a group of immune system genes that may play a role in how long people can live after developing a common type of brain cancer called glioblastoma multiforme, a tumor of the glial cells in the brain.

Led by Matthew P. Anderson, MD, PhD, Director of Neuropathology at BIDMC, the scientists determined how a gene linked to one common form of autism works in a specific population of brain cells to impair sociability.

«They help us to understand how the FOXP2 gene might have been important in the evolution of the human brain and direct us towards neural mechanisms that play a role in speech and language acquisition.»

For example, one gene might determine how quickly the gut lets the brain know that it is full.

«In this study, we wanted to determine where in the brain this social behavior deficit arises and where and how increases of the UBE3A gene repress it,» said Anderson, who is also an Associate Professor in the Program in Neuroscience at Harvard Medical School and Director of Autism BrainNET Boston Node.

It also remains unclear how knocking down expression of certain genes in zygotes via sperm miRNA leads to altered stress response in adult animals and altered gene expression in the brain.

It was just a decade ago that Hariri and colleagues at the National Institutes of Health published what is widely considered the first study linking a particular gene to how our brains work.

Scientists have begun to leverage new methods to decipher how mutations in these disparate genes might converge to exert their effects in the developing brain.

But specifically how human variants of such genes shape our brain in development — and how they drove its evolution — have remained largely mysterious.

Researchers believe they have learned how mutations in the gene that causes Huntington's disease kill brain cells, a finding that could open new opportunities for treating the fatal disorder.

At a symposium at The American Society of Human Genetics here last month, they reported zooming in on the genes expressed in a single brain cell, as well as panning out to understand how genes foster connections among far - flung brain regions.

The newly created Paul G. Allen Frontiers Group has selected four initial researchers — Jennifer Doudna of the University of California (UC), Berkeley, Ethan Bier of UC San Diego, James Collins of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in Cambridge, and Bassem Hassan of the Brain and Spine Institute in Paris — to receive $ 1.5 million each to study topics ranging from novel techniques for gene editing, how shapes and forms arise over the course of evolution, and how synthetic biology can create microbes that trap and kill dangerous bacteria.

I was fascinated to read how the double duplication of the SRGAP2 gene, which helps drive development of the brain's neocortex, appears to have propelled our ancestors» development at two distinct times during the past few million years (12 May, p 10).

To understand how DIXDC1 mutations put normal brain function at risk, Cheyette's team turned to mutant mice that lacked a functioning copy of the gene.

Over the past decade, Michael Meaney, a neurobiologist at McGill University, and his colleagues have been producing one of the most detailed studies of how experience can reprogram the brain's genes.

For example, scientists have not been able to resolve what function the HTT gene serves normally, or how its mutation creates problems in the brain.

In his talk, Wieland Huttner, a molecular cell biologist and developmental neurobiologist at the Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics (MPI - CBG) in Dresden, Germany, explained how his team searched databases for proteins and other gene products expressed in the human brain in these earliest phases of development.

They then exposed the mice to light and studied how it affected genes within the brain.

Using novel technologies developed at HMS, the team looked at how a single sensory experience affects gene expression in the brain by analyzing more than 114,000 individual cells in the mouse visual cortex before and after exposure to light.

Howard Hughes Medical Institute (HHMI) scientists have profiled key features of the genetic material inside three types of brain cells and found vast differences in the patterns of chemical modifications that affect how the genes in each type of neuron are regulated.