Sentences with phrase «how cell receptors»

Omega - 3s keep cell membranes flexible and effect how cell receptors work.

Not exact matches

All an evolutionary storyteller has to do is to start with the apparently simplest version, ignore the neural equipment that has to be present for an organism to make any use of a «photon receptor,» and spin a charming tale about how a tiny primitive light - sensing cell might grow up to be a full - fledged eye.

The algorithm was built using tools the researchers developed to define how T cell receptors recognize a part of the antigen called the epitope.

«With this algorithm we have a system to identify critical features of T cell receptors that recognize the same antigen and how they interact.

This is how progesterone boosts CK5 + cells — like tiny gatekeepers, progesterone receptors and their cofactors sit in front of the gene CK5, opening the doors of DNA to be read at this point.

The scientists harvested the mutant hemagglutanin proteins from the cells and tested how strongly they bound to human - type and bird - type receptors.

We thought that if viruses could bind to receptors in these spaces and change how brain cells normally communicate, the virus could change behavior of the infected animal.»

Now, findings from Monell reveal that a person's sensitivity to bitter taste is shaped not only by which taste genes that person has, but also by how much messenger RNA — the gene's instruction guide that tells a taste cell to build a specific receptor — their cells make.

Hemagglutinin binds to glycan receptors found on the surface of respiratory cells, and the strength of that binding determines how effectively the virus can infect those cells.

Together, the findings demonstrate that Ggamma13 is essential for mammals to smell odors and extend the current understanding of how olfactory receptor cells communicate information about odors to the brain.

The task of how to automatically track the movement of biological particles such as viruses, cell vesicles or cell receptors is of key importance in biomedical applications for the quantitative analysis of intracellular dynamic processes.

The study, called «Molecular Determinants of Drug - Specific Sensitivity for Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) Exon 19 and 20 Mutants in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer,» and published online in the journal Oncotarget, demonstrates how computer modeling of EGFR mutations found in lung cancer can elucidate their molecular mechanism of action and consequently optimize the selection of therapeutic agents to treat patients.

Cell receptors will receive a signal from outside, and when it binds, that information is transmitted through the receptor to other proteins within the cell, [creating] a chain of events to change how the gene works in the cCell receptors will receive a signal from outside, and when it binds, that information is transmitted through the receptor to other proteins within the cell, [creating] a chain of events to change how the gene works in the ccell, [creating] a chain of events to change how the gene works in the cellcell.

The researchers are now looking at how ICOS signals can be altered to diminish autoimmune disorders and augmented for more effective vaccine development, and are beginning research on how ICOS signaling may benefit Chimeric Antigen Receptor - T cell (CAR - T) therapies, which involves engineering of patient's own immune cells to recognize and attack their cancers.

Geneticist at the University of Toronto in Canada, the first to clone the T - cell receptor, discusses how a scientific breakthrough can change your life:

Our discovery that a specific variant of glycophorin invasion receptors can give substantial protection against severe malaria will hopefully inspire further research on exactly how Plasmodium falciparum invade red blood cells.

«If further studies validate that these processes are critical in human breast cancers,» Koshy notes, «the possibility exists that agents that favorably modify the biophysical properties of the extracellular matrix, or that target the receptors and signaling molecules associated with how cells sense this matrix, could be used as a new avenue for the prevention or treatment of breast cancers.»

This research dealt with the question of how IgA could cross a cell layer by binding to polymeric immunoglobulin receptors (pIgR).

The federally funded study, published in the Journal of Leukocyte Biology, showed how a stress receptor, known as corticotropin - releasing factor, or CRF1, can send signals to certain immune cells, called mast cells, and control how they defend the body.

«This is why it's so fundamentally important to understand how cells use this system to communicate,» says Rüdiger Klein, whose Department at the Max Planck Institute of Neurobiology is studying ephrins and Eph receptors.

This is a schematic of how a «chimeric autoantibody receptor,» or CAAR, that displays fragments of the autoantigen Dsg3 helps fight an autoimmune disease called pemphigus vulgaris, a condition in which a patient's own immune cells attack Dsg3, which normally adheres skin cells.

Investigating how the PGE1 works to suppress the leukemia stem cells, the team found that the effect relies on a critical interaction between PGE1 and its receptor EP4.

The social environment seems to affect the receptors on nerve cells that respond to neurotransmitters like serotonin, which in turn changes how alcohol affects nerves.

The duo found that, when cells want to detect chemicals in their environment, the best strategy is to discard information on how long those chemicals bind to receptors and instead record just the duration of the unbound intervals.

«Changes to the sugar composition on the cell surface could alter physically how receptors are organized,» he said.

How that might eventually predispose a person to Alzheimer's is still unclear, but it may involve a receptor molecule for the herpes virus in the connections between nerve cells.

Now, findings from Monell reveal that a person's sensitivity to bitter taste is shaped not only by which taste genes that person has, but also by how much messenger RNA — the gene's instruction guide that tells a taste cell to build a specific receptor — their taste cells make.

Dr Claus Jorgensen, who led the research at The Institute of Cancer Research, London, and at Cancer Research UK's Manchester Institute at the University of Manchester, said: «The next step is to figure out how to keep this receptor switched on, so that the tumour cells can't leave the blood vessels — stopping breast cancer spreading and making the disease easier to treat successfully.»

Next steps include He's collaboration with Piedmont Atlanta Hospital to retrieve T cells, liver cancer cells and healthy tissue normally removed from patients during surgery, put the mouse receptor genes on these T cells and monitor in a dish both how those cells now fight the tumor and react to healthy human tissue.

By tracking single B cell receptor (BCR) molecules we have shown how the cortical cytoskeleton network regulates receptor signalling (Mattila et al. 2013; Treanor et al. 2011; Treanor et al. 2010).

More research is needed to fully understand how BCX slows lung cell production of nicotine receptors, Chellappan said.

This work outlines how a receptor termed LFA - 1 on the surface of T - cells mediates adhesion to other cells such as cancer cells.

David Raulet and Lewis Lanier, separately, show that tumor cells expressing ligands for the natural killer cell activating receptor NKG2D are destroyed by natural killer cells in vivo, establishing a new mechanism for how natural killer cells recognize tumor cells.

Depending on characteristics such as how many tumor cells, blood vessel cells, and immune cells are touching each other, the tumor microenvironment can nearly triple the chance that a common type of breast cancer (estrogen - receptor positive / HER2 negative) that has reached the lymph nodes will also metastasize, Condeelis and colleagues showed in a 2014 study of 3,760 patients.

In this context, the Lingwood laboratory studies B cell antibody responses to both HIV and influenza with the goal of 1) understanding how antigenic sites of vulnerability are initially perceived by specific germline B cell receptor (BCR) sequences and 2) how that recognition process can direct antibody affinity maturation toward production of broadly neutralizing anti-viral responses.

One of the first clues pathologists look for in tissue from a newly diagnosed breast cancer patient is the estrogen receptor, a nuclear protein that converts hormonal messages in the bloodstream into instructions for the cell about how to behave.

We delve into very fundamental problems such as «how does a malaria red blood cell attach itself to a blood vessel» or «how does binding of a ligand to a cell surface receptor or contact of a crystalline surface with the plasma membrane drive lipid sorting and how will this lead to signalling» but then immediately apply it to a practical problem such as «how does contact of uric acid crystals with dendritic cells cause gout in affected joints and how can we prevent this occurrence?»

Although Wnts were better known because of their role as morphogens — proteins that pattern bodily structures and determine cell fates — Zou recently showed how members of the Wnt family served to guide pathfinding axons up and down the spinal cord by attracting or repelling receptors on the growth cones of sensory or motor nerves.

NMDA receptors are complicated machines: mutations can affect how well they bind their ligands (glutamate and glycine), how they open and shut, or how they are processed onto the cell surface.

The company showed how they first defined A2A as the receptor required for mediating the effect of adenosine on immune cells within the tumor microenvironment and reported the characterization of a novel immuno - oncology - dedicated adenosine receptor 2A antagonist that functions in the high adenosine concentration found in tumors.

Studies are being carried out to determine the functional effects that occur when these receptor - ligands interact; to determine how these proteins induce their activities at the molecular level and transmit signals to T cells; and to determine the significance of these proteins in several disease scenarios such as asthma, scleroderma, and atopic dermatitis.

Join her to learn how immunoSEQ ® Assay combines bias - controlled multiplex PCR with high - throughput sequencing and expert bioinformatics to deliver accurate, quantitative sequencing results for millions of T and B cell receptors.

These findings raise the question as to how reduced 5 - HT and TPH2 levels are related to the increased 5 - HT cell density, 11 morphologic 5 - HT neuronal immaturity, 11 reduced 5 - HT transporter binding relative to 5 - HT cell number, 11 and altered 5 - HT receptor binding9 - 11 in the SIDS cases.

I am currently working with Zika virus and how it affects the T cell response and T cell signaling through tumor necrosis receptor (TNFR) signaling components OX40, 4 - 1BB, and CD27 in specific mouse model systems.

Scientists have identified a receptor on plant stem cells that can issue different instructions about how the plant will grow...

Cell surface receptors can be endocytosed by both clathrin - dependent and clathrin - independent mechanisms, but, as yet, there is no clear understanding of why alternative endocytic routes exist or how receptors are committed to a particular route.

But exactly how the signal from a single receptor, among thousands on each T cell, can be amplified to affect a whole cell has puzzled immunologists for decades.

Using CRISPR, the paper, published in the journal Blood, describes how genetic deletion of the T cells» endogenous receptor eliminates the competition it imposed on the engineered TCR and the possibility of dangerous hybrid TCR formation.

Schematic of how a «chimeric autoantibody receptor,» or CAAR, that displays fragments of the autoantigen Dsg3 helps fight an autoimmune disease called pemphigus vulgaris, a condition in which a patient's own immune cells attack Dsg3, which normally adheres skin cells.

However, it has been difficult to pin down how the role of NMDA receptors selectively in specific types of brain cells.