Sentences with phrase «how ecosystem carbon»

«It's a hard question to answer, because it takes a long time to see how ecosystem carbon and nitrogen cycles change.»

«It's a hard question to answer, because it takes a long time to see how ecosystem carbon and nitrogen cycles change.»

Not exact matches

Ecologist Knute Nadelhoffer of the Marine Biological Laboratory in Woods Hole, Massachusetts, wanted to explore whether nitrogen fertilization might help explain how terrestrial ecosystems store 1800 - billion kilograms of carbon each year.

A crucial reason why the study of freshwater acidification has lagged until now is because determining how atmospheric carbon affects these ecosystems requires complex modeling, and is much less clear than that occurring in oceans, according to study author Linda Weiss, an aquatic ecologist at Ruhr University Bochum in Germany.

In particular, a delay in when leaves change color could affect how much carbon an ecosystem removes from the atmosphere, which would partially combat the climate change that caused the delay in the first place, he said.

Model simulations can always be improved by testing predictions against field data collected from different ecosystems, and Sulman and Phillips are doing just that: investigating how roots influence soil decomposition and protected forms of carbon in forests that vary in the composition of tree and microbial communities.

«The Paleocene - Eocene thermal maximum has stood out as a striking, but contested, example of how 21st - century - style atmospheric carbon dioxide buildup can affect climate, environments and ecosystems worldwide,» says Bowen, an associate professor of geology and geophysics at the University of Utah.

Despite their role as potential sinks — or storehouses — of carbon, it is still unclear how different biophysical processes influence carbon dynamics in these ecosystems.

Professor Cox, from the College of Engineering, Mathematics and Physical Sciences said «The year - to - year variation in carbon dioxide concentration is a very useful way to monitor how tropical ecosystems are responding to climate.

To make this assessment, Sutton - Grier and her colleagues evaluated how effectively each ecosystem captures carbon dioxide — for example, by plants using it to build their branches and leaves — and how long the carbon is stored, either in plant tissues or in soils.

There, he used computer modeling and field data to elucidate how forest ecosystems store and recycle carbon and to compare alternative theories for species coexistence.

«This study is further evidence that the diversity and makeup of the vegetation, and the soil organisms beneath our feet are vitally important in controlling how much carbon is locked up or released from these carbon rich ecosystems.»

The team used DayCent, an ecosystem modeling tool that tracks the carbon cycle, plant growth, and how growth responds to weather, climate and other factors at a local scale.

Keiluweit, assistant professor in UMass Amherst's School of Earth and Sustainability, says the team's next steps include quantifying the amount of anaerobic microsites in different soil ecosystems and assessing how carbon stabilization in them is affected by variables such as the soil hydrologic regime, which is expected to change dramatically due to climate change.

Researchers say that much more work is needed to understand how nutrient dynamics will affect carbon uptake — particularly in forest ecosystems, which are expected to be important carbon sinks.

The study has important implications for predicting which arctic plant species will dominate as the climate warms, as well as how much carbon tundra ecosystems can store.

«The shrimp cocktail is a good example of how carbon cost associated with mangrove degradation way outweighs the actual product that is produced,» Emily Pidgeon of Conservation International told the audience at a session entitled «Blue Carbon, Green Opportunities: Innovative Solutions To Protect Coastal Ecosystems.»

If a balance was established and the system could be reliably controlled, it would be possible to alter the amount of carbon dioxide to simulate conditions of global warming, then analyse how ecosystems respond.

«In order to predict how ecosystems will react when you heat up the planet or acidify the ocean, we first need to understand the mechanisms of everyday carbon cycling — who's involved and how are they doing it?»

«Our study is about how a whole forest ecosystem consumes and produces carbon dioxide, or CO2, the main greenhouse gas linked to human - induced climate change,» says Wehr, a research associate in Saleska's lab in the UA's Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology.

But the document also emphasizes the need to study how carbon cycles through ecosystems, a category that encompasses Bowen, Sanderman and Saleska's projects.

GEDI's vegetation measurements will help close a critical gap in our current understanding of how carbon is stored and emitted over time by forests and other ecosystems.

The other aspect and something that I work on is increasingly trying to look at the interactions between climate and ecosystems, and if what that allows us to do is to inform climate negotiations around things like carbon budgets, so how much CO2 can we emit to stay within a certain target.

If a large amount of nitrogen comes from rocks, it helps explain how natural ecosystems like boreal forests are capable of taking up high levels of carbon dioxide.

However, this in itself is not enough to define what level of warming is «dangerous,» especially since the projections of actual impacts for any level of warming are highly uncertain, and depend on further factors such as how quickly these levels are reached (so how long ecosystems and society have had to respond), and what other changes are associated with them (eg: carbon dioxide concentration, since this affects plant photosynthesis and water use efficiency, and ocean acidification).

2013 — How ecological restoration alters ecosystem services: an analysis of carbon sequestration in China's Loess Plateau As a result, the Loess Plateau ecosystem had shifted from a net carbon source in 2000 to a net carbon sink in 2008.

Our food choices affect ecosystem health, how harvesters and factory workers are treated, the health of farm workers, which foods are grown and sold, how humanely animals are treated, and even how much carbon dioxide and methane are released into the atmosphere.

The study shows that satellite observations of atmospheric carbon dioxide levels are a useful tool toward understanding how semiarid ecosystems will respond to climate change in the future.

«These forests matter to the rest of us on Earth because of how they help regulate climate by keeping carbon in the soil and in the trees and out of the atmosphere,» says Peter Griffith, founding director of NASA's Carbon Cycle and Ecosystems Office.

Joanie Kleypas is a marine scientist at the National Center for Atmospheric Research, who investigates how rising atmospheric carbon dioxide is affecting marine ecosystems.

In collaboration with academics, the WCMC has been looking at how the carbon and biodiversity values of an ecosystem are related.

In Ecuador, the Team brought in experts from the Environmental Law Center of the International Union for Conservation of Nature, and RISAS, a Quito, Ecuador - based PES network for an open forum and closed - door meeting with Ecuador's Ministry of Environment on how to use payments for ecosystem services and carbon trading to foster forest preservation.

Koven and colleagues set out to estimate how much carbon dioxide and methane (which contains carbon) could be released by boreal and Arctic land ecosystems as a result of climate change.

The scientists modified a land surface ecosystem model called ORCHIDEE to account for how carbon behaves at different layers, such as at the surface versus 30 centimeters below ground.

Using computer models to project how warmer temperatures will affect carbon storage across each Alaskan ecosystem, USGS researchers found that the warming climate is likely to spur more new tree growth in southern Alaska.

US CLIVAR is collaborating with the ocean carbon and biogeochemistry science community to increase observations and understanding of the coupled physical / biogeochemical processes that maintain the marine ecosystem and oceanic sources and sinks of carbon and predict how they will evolve in response to climate variability and change.

Developing an Infrastructure Fund for the Planet explored how ecosystem service payments and markets in carbon, water and biodiversity are quickly becoming a key solution to the urgent environmental problems of climate change, fresh water pollution, biodiversity loss, soil erosion, and destruction of our coastal and marine systems.

Researchers say that much more work is needed to understand how nutrient dynamics will affect carbon uptake — particularly in forest ecosystems, which are expected to be important carbon sinks.

While the primary contribution is in improving our ability to anticipate how earth system interactions will modulate the rate of increase of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, the fact that the models require simulation of land and ocean ecosystems make them extremely valuable for a range of applications in ecosystem impacts and feedbacks as well.

During a 2003 heat wave that struck central and southern Europe, scientists documented how the extreme heat affected the carbon cycle — the exchange of carbon dioxide between ecosystems, such as forests, and the atmosphere.

Improve understanding of how AMOC variability affects ocean - atmosphere exchanges of carbon, biogeochemical cycles, and marine ecosystems.

While models typically take into account how plants and microbes affect the carbon cycle, they often underestimate how much animals can indirectly alter the absorption, release, or transport of carbon within an ecosystem, says Oswald Schmitz, the Oastler Professor of Population and Community Ecology at F&ES and lead author of the paper.

«Mangroves have long been known as extremely productive ecosystems that cycle carbon quickly, but until now there had been no estimate of how much carbon resides in these systems.

The site, designed to exploit grasslands as models for understanding how ecosystems may respond to climate change, hosts a number of studies of the potential effects from elevated atmospheric carbon dioxide, elevated temperature, increased precipitation, and increased nitrogen deposition.

Now the researchers say that forest recovery after disturbance is likely to be a big issue, especially how much carbon will return back to forest ecosystem due to the regrowth.