Sentences with phrase «how microbial»

«We are seeing an explosion in our mechanistic understanding of how microbial communities in our intestines and elsewhere influence multiple aspects of immune and metabolic health,» said John Wherry, Ph.D., Deputy Editor of the Journal of Leukocyte Biology.

While most people suffering from cardiovascular disease are far from calorically deprived, this research certainly opens questions as to how microbial dysbiosis might influence energy flux through the heart (18).

Caroline is working on adapting the Robogut model system to the culture of the mouse microbiome, in order to study how the microbial ecosystem of mice susceptible to colorectal cancer is perturbed during disease.

Bailey was also a key researcher in the Microbial Communities Initiative, linking microbial structure and function to soil physical structure to better understand how microbial communities function within soils.

Gilbert's team, for instance, is investigating how microbial signatures might identify suspects.

The researchers looked at how microbial communities (from waste - water - activated sludge) behaved when exposed to gold nanoparticles with various surface coatings and shapes.

Because they can now follow transient species formed as a result of electron transfer among communities in real time, Yu and her team are using this approach to study how microbial communities communicate with one another.

Scientists are still trying to explain how this microbial diversity comes about, but it is likely influenced by factors including diet, environment, host genetics and exposure to microbes early in life.

The eventual goal is to predict how microbial communities will react to environmental conditions such as droughts and to manage these communities to improve the yields, nutritional content or the carbon storing capacity of plants, for example.

Professor Segal's research has two major directions 1) Gene regulation — using quantitative and computational models to understand how DNA sequence variation among human individuals generates phenotypic diversity 2) Microbiome and Nutrition — understanding how the microbial composition of individuals affect their physiology and health.

I want to know how microbial communities form over time and how they adapt to their environments.

The studies open up new opportunities to uncover microbial genomes from other environments, revealing how microbes alter global carbon and nitrogen cycles, how microbial metabolism evolved, and how so many different kinds of microbes can coexist, says biological oceanographer Paul Falkowski of Rutgers University in New Brunswick, New Jersey.

Richard Lindsay, a PhD student who worked on the research team, added: «Our findings are of central importance in understanding how microbial infections evolve, but also have wider significance for the treatment of cancer and the therapeutic control of disease in humans, animals and plants.»

Tyson also investigates how microbial forensics helped scientists determine the source of the anthrax mailings of 2001.

The open source software package the researchers have designed, known as Microbial Dynamical Systems INference Engine (MDSINE), uses advanced machine learning technologies to accurately predict how microbial communities in the gut will grow and interact over time.

The study suggests a new method to show how microbial communities, including those responsible for illnesses like Legionnaires» disease, may assemble inside the plumbing systems of homes and public buildings.

University of Groningen scientists have described how microbial invasions follow the same general pattern as invasions by plant or animal species.

«Now we plan to see how the microbial community evolves when you give it oil,» says Grimes.

Mothers known as «non-secretors» have a non-functional fucosyltransferase 2 (FUT2) gene, which alters the composition of their breast milk sugars and changes how the microbial community, or microbiota, of their infants» guts develop.

To find out why, computational biologists came up with a computer model to predict how microbial metabolism and cellular composition change as cell size varies, using details about how much space a bacterium needs for its components — DNA, proteins, and the molecular factories called ribosomes — to function.

To figure out just how microbial processes in wetlands work, Tringe and her team are building a catalog of wetland microorganisms and the biological tasks they carry out.

Other topic areas include studying materials that form in temperatures above 2000 °C, using quantum physics to create better computers, and studying how microbial communities may help host organisms respond to stress.

Understanding how microbial communities in the biocrusts adapt to their harsh environments could provide important clues to help shed light on the roles of soil microbes in the global carbon cycle.

In this latest advance reported in PNAS, the Wyss team showed that the human gut - on - a-chip's unique ability to co-culture intestinal cells with living microbes from the normal gut microbiome for an extended period of time, up to two weeks, could allow breakthrough insights into how the microbial communities that flourish inside our GI tracts contribute to human health and disease.

Meanwhile, other researchers are investigating how a microbial triad might contribute to an inflammatory bowel disease.

As ecosystems of the human environment change during development, pregnancy, or with changing diets, which bacterial species remain or how these microbial species function may shift is slowly becoming understood.

He considers how the microbial population living in breast milk and the transport of bacteria between mother and child may play a crucial role in regulating health.

Not exact matches

Microbiologist Lucia Solis, who specializes in microbial demucilagination, explains how this method offers a consistent and predictable coffee fermentation process, reducing the risk of spoilage or defects in the cup.

The film shows how common interventions during birth including antibiotics, C - sections, and formula feeding interfere with, or bypass completely, the crucial microbial transfer from mother to baby that seeds the microbiome and kickstarts the immune system.

As part of the Microbial Ecology Lab, he will help survey the many distinct habitats of Shedd's animal populations, analyzing how unseen members of complex ecosystems are impacted by changes in the environment, advancing the understanding of how these tiny microbes affect animal health.

Blaser, director of New York University's Human Microbiome Program, presents a sensible plan for reclaiming our microbial balance and avoiding calamity both as a society — he calls for an overhaul of how drugs are prescribed — and on an individual level.

When people were asked how they would react to the discovery of extraterrestrial microbial life, they give generally positive responses, researchers reported at a news conference February 16 at the annual meeting of the American Association for the Advancement of Science.

The researchers found, contrary to expectation, that temperature had no effect on how microbes utilized their food, but instead boosted microbial death.

«We need to know more about how temperature affects microbial death.»

In her doctoral research, she is investigating - more generally — biofilm formation and how plastic materials influence microbial processes in potable water.

«By understanding how microbes work and modifying the environments where they function, we can eventually engineer microbial communities to enhance soil productivity.

How this might figure into greater cattle methane production remains to be studied, but Hammer and company speculate that the antibiotics may wipe out the bacterial competition for microbial methane factories.

Microbial transfer from mom to offspring happens in a lot of species, but researchers are more familiar with how species that give live birth do this than those that lay eggs, biologist Stacey Weiss of the University of Puget Sound in Tacoma, Wash., noted August 1 at the 53rd Annual Conference of the Animal Behavior Society.

SWAB is primarily aimed at keeping pathogens in check, but it also monitors how the onboard microbial ecology changes over time.

The researchers were exploring how to manipulate bacterial flow, as a way to prevent biofilms — dense layers of microbial slime that can take over shower stalls, clog filtration systems, and cling to ship hulls.

A team led by gastroenterologists Sieglinde Angelberger and Walter Reinisch (Medical University Vienna) and microbiologists David Berry and Alexander Loy (University of Vienna) explored how a treatment called «fecal microbiota transplantation» can be used to support microbial recolonization of the gut of patients with chronic intestinal inflammation (ulcerative colitis).

But the team hopes the Lake Whillans microbial community can help it understand so - called extremophile organisms that can exist in the extreme dark and cold, and how such microbes might also be affecting the chemistry of the ice itself.

Professor Rainer Roehe from SRUC said: «The newly identified microbial species in the rumen of beef cattle will greatly improve our understanding of how the rumen microbial ecosystem works.

«The next phases are a lot more soil biology, measuring changes below ground in fungal and microbial communities to get a handle on how they are responding to the warming.»

The researchers» model helps reveal how conditions such as sunlight and shading affect crop growth — but many other factors such as water availability and microbial interactions determine the length of a corncob or width of a soybean.

«Also by studying how the gut microbiota usually recover after cholera, we gain new ideas about how to manage severely disturbed microbial communities, ideas that can be used to protect against diseases that often follow such disturbance, such as infections that commonly follow antibiotic use.»

These drug - bug interactions could make microbial genes just as important as a person's genes for predicting how a drug will affect someone, says Matthew Redinbo of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.

Most microbial researchers grow their microbes in petri - dishes to study how they grow and how they respond to damaging conditions.

What's more, the studies suggest how our gut microbes make the immune system turn against nerve cells — a finding that could lead to treatments, like drugs based on microbial byproducts, that might improve the course of the disease.

These experiments all measured how extra CO2 in the atmosphere affects plant growth, microbial production of carbon dioxide, and the total amount of soil carbon at the end of the experiment.