Sentences with phrase «how models and observations»

The research is a good example of how models and observations can be combined to provide new insights into wildfires, says Prof Guido van der Werf from Vrije University in the Netherlands, who was not involved in the study.

Not exact matches

Covering the period since 1950, the researchers show how the science has leaped ahead thanks to computerisation, mathematical modelling and new technologies of observation.

Using geological observation, laboratory impact experiments and computer modeling, Schultz and Brown graduate student Stephanie Quintana have offered a new explanation for how those streaks were formed.

Nadeau also studies the potential impacts of climate change on species around the globe, using modeling, field observation and experiments to predict where species are most vulnerable and determine how conservation groups can best mitigate the negative impacts of climate change on animal populations.

This modeling would be aided by observations that somehow capture the direction of the magnetic field within the CME as it leaves the sun and by «a better understanding of how the magnetic field will change and evolve as the CME makes its multiday transit from the sun to Earth,» Viereck says.

While there are many debates in regards to how the Earth's internal evolution is driven, the model created by the team seemed to find an answer that better fits available observations and underlying physics.

«However, knowing it will increase is one thing, but having a confident statement about how much and where as a function of location requires the models do a better job of replicating observations than they have.»

Using published data from the circumpolar arctic, their own new field observations of Siberian permafrost and thermokarsts, radiocarbon dating, atmospheric modeling, and spatial analyses, the research team studied how thawing permafrost is affecting climate change and greenhouse gas emissions.

Now, scientists have studied Vega with the CHARA interferometer, an array of telescopes in California yielding crisp views of stars, and modeled the observations by using new computations of how fast - spinning stars age.

Likewise, while models can not represent the climate system perfectly (thus the uncertainly in how much the Earth will warm for a given amount of emissions), climate simulations are checked and re-checked against real - world observations and are an established tool in understanding the atmosphere.

«We compare observations and models to figure out how well our models are performing, as well as how we should interpret our space - based observations.»

They then used the earlier observations of the changing abundances of the three pairs of predators and prey — leveraging data sets collected by other scientists — to show how the models would apply.

To get around the problem, Fasullo and Trenberth decided to examine how well 16 global climate models reproduce recent satellite observations of relative humidity in the tropics and subtropics, a quantity that is directly related to cloud formation.

«It's also possible to determine how many variables we should include in a mathematical model whose aim is to reproduce the observations and to predict the evolution of the system at hand.»

«Basically, we're taking satellite observations that say it's getting darker and taking a model that simulates temperature and snow morphology and using that to calculate how snowpack has evolved,» Doherty said.

Eri Saikawa, who studies air pollution and its health impacts at Emory University, and wasn't involved in the new study, plans to use Wiedinmyer's data in a model to see how it matches observations in China and Southeast Asia, and to see how trash burning might be contributing to the substantial amounts of air pollution there.

The VPL is based at the University of Washington, and comprises researchers at 20 institutions working to understand how telescopic observations and modeling studies can determine if exoplanets are able to support life, or had life in the past.

«One of the big achievements of the project was a demonstration of how models and field observations are able to work together for mutual benefit,» Simmons said.

«As astrophysical observations and simulations improve, we're doing increasingly precise comparisons between the models of how galaxies form and the observations of what galaxies actually look like,» Carroll says.

The observations fit well with computer simulations, and can be used to refine models of how large - scale patterns, such as the distributions of galaxies and clusters of galaxies, came to be.

Though the scientists don't know if such individual and pack behavior is a common occurrence, observations like these on Isle Royale provide insight into how animal societies function as well as the vicissitudes of the food chain cycle on Isle Royale, also helping to inform other models of the natural world.

There are many other atmospheric observations and models we need to look at to see how this entire process works.»

Finally, special attention is paid to the difficulty of observing complex ices directly and how gas observations, experiments and models help in constraining this ice chemistry stage.

This involves a combination of satellite observations (when different satellites captured temperatures in both morning and evening), the use of climate models to estimate how temperatures change in the atmosphere over the course of the day, and using reanalysis data that incorporates readings from surface observations, weather balloons and other instruments.

These include using the same model used to detect the planet instead to fit synthetic, planet - free data (with realistic covariance properties, and time sampling identical to the real data), and checking whether the «planet» is still detected; comparing the strength of the planetary signal with similar Keplerian signals injected into the original observations; performing Bayesian model comparisons between planet and no - planet models; and checking how robust the planetary signal is to datapoints being removed from the observations.

In the future, further observations of UGC 4703 and detailed modeling of the system may help continue to puzzle out how our own Magellanic clouds came about.

The modeling efforts continue to be incredibly important because they tie our physics - based understanding of how gravitational lensing works with the observations of gravitational lensing, and they allow astronomers to accurately search for and study extremely distant and lensed galaxies.

Over the last five years, the BAMS report has examined more than 100 events as part of a burgeoning sub-field of climate science that uses observations and climate models to show how human - caused warming has already affected the odds or severity of many of the weather extremes we experience now.

The effort uses innovative ARM radar observations from the MC3E field campaign to evaluate a series of high - resolution simulations, which results in an improved understanding of cloud transitions and how to diagnose these transitions in models.

The meeting presentations will focus on synergies among various approaches and provide recommendations on how to improve the use of earth observations, ground data and modeling techniques for the improved understanding of land use sources and sinks.

This method tries to maximize using pure observations to find the temperature change and the forcing (you might need a model to constrain some of the forcings, but there's a lot of uncertainty about how the surface and atmospheric albedo changed during glacial times... a lot of studies only look at dust and not other aerosols, there is a lot of uncertainty about vegetation change, etc).

Scientists worldwide use the agency's field data, together with satellite observations and computer models, to tackle environmental challenges and advance our knowledge of how the Earth works as a complex, integrated system.

This new set of observations adds key information to the models needed to track how material moves and changes throughout space in the solar system — crucial to understanding the medium through which our spacecraft travel, as we venture farther and farther from home.

Research ranged from qualitative to quantitative and included classroom observation, interviews with program participants and managers, and a survey to determine how valuable each participant's relationship to his or her model teacher or mentor was in preparing them to teach.

Though interviews and observations on SUTD's campus, Fisher has learned a lot about how education models move and adapt between cultures.

No matter how you mix it, it's better to go with Value - Added, student surveys, or both: As Dropout Nation noted last year, the accuracy of classroom observations is so low that even in a multiple measures approach to evaluation in which value - added data and student surveys account for the overwhelming majority of the data culled from the model (72.9 percent, and 17.2 percent of the evaluation in one case), the classroom observations are of such low quality that they bring down the accuracy of the overall performance review.

The magnitude it actually had actually risen, how different these temperatures were from the 1940s, the conflict between model prediction / theory and observation, etc, were the issues the satellite data raised.

We have many studies presenting the projections from GCMs under various forcing scenarios where unforced variability is simulated, and we have a few studies (not many I think) which have a model reproduce the * actual * forcings and unforced variability and see how well the output matches observations (a recent one by Yu Kosaka and Shang - Ping Xie being a case in point).

What you do test is the parts of the model, how they interact, and how they match in behavior with observations (of which we need more and better also).

Although a useful process to see which models should have more weight, and which ones should be discarded all together, the average that the ensemble produces will automatically have a higher correlation with observation data simply because of how far a set of numbers are spread out from each other.

How should one make graphics that appropriately compare models and observations?

BVP simulations do not have such a dependence and have stable statistics regardless of how they are initialised (at least for IC perturbations within the range of actual observations and for the class of model that was used for AR4).

Additionally, if the observations are not correct, how can the changes to the models, methods and application procedures be correct?

Some of them are optimal fingerprint detection studies (estimating the magnitude of fingerprints for different external forcing factors in observations, and determining how likely such patterns could have occurred in observations by chance, and how likely they could be confused with climate response to other influences, using a statistically optimal metric), some of them use simpler methods, such as comparisons between data and climate model simulations with and without greenhouse gas increases / anthropogenic forcing, and some are even based only on observations.

[Response: As a modeler of the deep sediment column, I go to talks about observations of the real world (geology, in other words), and am struck by how simplistic the models are.

Notice how the model starts below obs in 1880 and ends above obs in 2014 and at no time does the model remain above observations.

The researchers focused on comparing model projections and observations of the spatial and seasonal patterns of how energy flows from Earth to space.

«However, knowing it will increase is one thing, but having a confident statement about how much and where as a function of location requires the models do a better job of replicating observations than they have.»

The differences arise from how gaps in observations are filled in time and space, and the reanalyses do this most comprehensively by utilizing all kinds of data as well as using ocean models to span gaps.

To analyze how Mount Pinatubo affected the global sea level, the researchers created model simulations and applied natural factors to them for observation.