Sentences with phrase «how ocean carbon»

They include the physical, chemical and biological processes that control the oceanic storage of carbon, and are calibrated against geochemical and isotopic constraints on how ocean carbon storage has changed over the decades and carbon storage in terrestrial vegetation and soils, and how it responds to increasing CO2, temperature, rainfall and other factors.

Not exact matches

Near - shore volcanic vents off Italy represent a microcosm of how the ocean may react to high levels of carbon dioxide

In addition to temperature, wind, and solar radiation data, the Pacific saildrones are measuring how the ocean and air exchange gases like carbon dioxide and oxygen, and they are using Doppler instruments to gauge currents coursing up to 100 meters below the surface.

«For example, [measuring] chlorophyll a will give you information about how much biological activity is going on, and eventually more information about the concentration of carbon dioxide within the ocean and the atmosphere,» said Yoshihisa Shirayama, executive director of research at the Japan Agency for Marine - Earth Science and Technology in Tokyo.

Faster winds are affecting how much heat and carbon dioxide the oceans soak up, with immense consequences for us all, finds Anil Ananthaswamy

A crucial reason why the study of freshwater acidification has lagged until now is because determining how atmospheric carbon affects these ecosystems requires complex modeling, and is much less clear than that occurring in oceans, according to study author Linda Weiss, an aquatic ecologist at Ruhr University Bochum in Germany.

The goal is a better appreciation of the huge role that jellies play in the marine food web, as well as a more complete inventory of how carbon (fundamental to both life and climate) is distributed in the ocean.

Further work will reveal how evolution in ocean microbes may affect the function of the ocean in removing carbon dioxide to the deep sea and whether or not laboratory findings can be translated into the natural ocean environment.

The models must track how carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases cycle through the whole system — how the gases interact with plant life, oceans, the atmosphere — and how this influences overall global temperatures.

Faster winds are affecting how much heat and carbon dioxide the oceans soak up, with immense consequences for us all

The point, says Bill Asher of Pacific Northwest Laboratory in Richland, is to try to understand how waves of different sizes help carbon dioxide move from the air into the ocean.

Dust from the Sahara Desert provides most of the iron found in the Atlantic Ocean, according to research that also sheds light on how the oceans help sequester carbon dioxide

University of Georgia Skidaway Institute of Oceanography scientist Aron Stubbins joined a team of researchers to determine how hydrothermal vents influence ocean carbon storage.

«What was different about how heat and carbon were moving around in the ocean?»

Professor Williams, Chair in Ocean Sciences at Liverpool, added: «This study is important by providing a narrower window of how much carbon we may emit before reaching 1.5 °C or 2 °C warming.

While these results indicate that coccolithophore calcification might increase under future ocean conditions, the researchers say that it's still unclear «whether, or how, such changes might affect carbon export to the deep sea.»

«This finding is a major advance in understanding the natural carbon cycle, gained by applying a new understanding about how the «overturning circulation» of the Southern Ocean works,» said lead author Dr Andrew J Watson from the University of Exeter.

Co-author Professor Eric Achterberg, from the University of Southampton, said: «The beauty of this approach is that with both field and laboratory experiments we were able to prove how the mechanisms operate for the removal of organic carbon in the deep ocean.»

Study co-author Katy Sheen, a Postdoctoral Research Fellow from Ocean and Earth Science at the University of Southampton, says: «These findings will help us to understand the processes that drive the ocean circulation and mixing so that we can better predict how our Earth system will respond to the increased levels of carbon dioxide that we have released into the atmosphere.&rOcean and Earth Science at the University of Southampton, says: «These findings will help us to understand the processes that drive the ocean circulation and mixing so that we can better predict how our Earth system will respond to the increased levels of carbon dioxide that we have released into the atmosphere.&rocean circulation and mixing so that we can better predict how our Earth system will respond to the increased levels of carbon dioxide that we have released into the atmosphere.»

«Herring larvae could benefit from an acidifying ocean: A long - term field study in a Swedish fjord shows how rising carbon dioxide levels can affect food webs and fish survival.»

Therefore, models have largely left mixotrophs out of the equation and have instead looked to other marine processes to try and explain how much carbon is stored in the oceans.

This approach, Follows says, oversimplifies the processes taking place in the ocean that may ultimately contribute to how carbon moves through the oceans and atmosphere.

The researchers can assess how much carbon can be captured and stored in the deep oceans by studying the amount of carbon that gets recycled back to the surface.

Currently, that carbon capture is measured by the Martin curve — a set of data from the 1980s that shows how more carbon is trapped the deeper into the ocean it moves.

Researchers have known for years that diatoms can remove iron from oceans and carbon from the atmosphere, but little is known about how iron is cycled and removed from the Antarctic region.

We have no idea, for example, how much of the atmospheric carbon being absorbed by the surface of the oceans reaches the bottom, nor how long that takes.

And in July 2015, the Wendy Schmidt Ocean Health X Prize was awarded to another U.S. team for its development of ocean sensors that improve scientific understanding of how carbon dioxide emissions are affecting ocean acidificaOcean Health X Prize was awarded to another U.S. team for its development of ocean sensors that improve scientific understanding of how carbon dioxide emissions are affecting ocean acidificaocean sensors that improve scientific understanding of how carbon dioxide emissions are affecting ocean acidificaocean acidification.

Understanding how carbon flows between land, air and water is key to predicting how much greenhouse gas emissions the earth, atmosphere and ocean can tolerate over a given time period to keep global warming and climate change at thresholds considered tolerable.

The study, published in Nature Climate Change, examined how baby salmon respond to fresh and ocean water with the levels of carbon dioxide expected 100 years in the future.

Five papers in the Oct. 13 Science describe some of the first data collected by the satellite, which is giving scientists an unprecedented peek into how carbon moves between land, atmosphere and oceans.

There is, therefore, much current interest in how coccolithophore calcification might be affected by climate change and ocean acidification, both of which occur as atmospheric carbon dioxide increases.

«In order to predict how ecosystems will react when you heat up the planet or acidify the ocean, we first need to understand the mechanisms of everyday carbon cycling — who's involved and how are they doing it?»

They were Jorge Sarmiento, an oceanographer at Princeton University who constructs ocean - circulation models that calculate how much atmospheric carbon dioxide eventually goes into the world's oceans; Eileen Claussen, executive director of the Pew Center for Global Climate Change in Washington, D.C.; and David Keith, a physicist with the University of Calgary in Alberta who designs technological solutions to the global warming problem.

The finding is also important for understanding how carbon works its way through the atmosphere, land and oceans.

The detailed mechanisms of how the oceans contribute to this global carbon cycle at the microscopic scale, and which microbes have a leadership role in the breakdown process, are complex and convoluted problems to solve.

Thus, these «recycling» bacteria play an important role in regulating how much of the planet's carbon dioxide is stored in the oceans.

The work has implications for how ocean modelers determine the overall amounts of carbon dioxide taken up by the oceans, which is typically performed through oxygen - based measurements.

Assistant Professor of Earth, Ocean and Atmospheric Science Robert Spencer and a team of researchers traveled to Siberia from 2012 to 2015 to better understand how thawing permafrost affected the carbon cycle and specifically to see if the vast amounts of carbon stored in this permafrost were thawing and how it w transferring to the atmosphere as carbon dioxide.

How does the enormous diversity of zooplankton species, life cycles, size, feeding ecology, and physiology affect their role in ocean food webs and cycling of carbon?

That's a process playing out throughout the Southern Ocean, but scientists don't have a good grasp on it or how sudden changes like the loss of a huge hunk of ice will alter carbon uptake.

The complexity of these biochemical processes makes it difficult to accurately simulate how the ocean absorbs CO2 from the atmosphere and how it stores this carbon as global conditions change.

In addition, they are now extending MOSART to simulate how sediment, carbon and other nutrients move from the landscape through the rivers and into the ocean.

Michigan State students note how Willie Soon now refutes research indicating adverse impacts from ocean acidification, a global crisis that is married to climate change (both problems stem from humans burning fossil fuels and releasing carbon dioxide into the atmosphere).

The aim in general was to work out how much of the carbon dioxide resulting from the burning of fossil fuels was ending up in the oceans, vegetation, soils, weathered minerals and so on.

It became understood that both plants and oceans had limits with respect to how much carbon dioxide they could take up over a fixed time.

Plus how that will reduce ocean storage of carbon, meaning our emissions hit us faster and harder.

How do communities in the nutrient - poor, so - called oligotrophic open ocean react, if the seawater gradually acidifies due to the uptake of human - induced carbon dioxide (CO2)?

About BIOACID: Since 2009, more than 250 BIOACID scientists from 20 German research institutes have investigated how different marine organisms respond to ocean acidification and increasing carbon dioxide concentrations in seawater, how their performance is affected during their various life stages, how these reactions impact marine food webs and elemental cycles and whether they can be mitigated by evolutionary adaptation.

The findings give scientists a better handle on the earth's carbon budget — how much carbon remains in the atmosphere as CO2, contributing to global warming, and how much gets stored in the land or ocean in other carbon - containing forms.

Stukel and his colleagues examined one such front off the coast of Santa Barbara, California and set sediment traps to measure how much carbon was being transported to the deep ocean in these areas.