Not exact matches
What's more, there's no telling
how long stored stem
cells will keep — or if the amount collected at birth would even be enough for
transplant should an illness occur.
Their next experiment, Coles says, is to
transplant the
cells into mice with degenerating retinas to see if they restore function and later to figure out
how to activate and manipulate them.
It is similar to
how radiation and chemotherapy are used to «condition» patients for a bone marrow
transplant, to improve engraftment of
transplanted immune
cells.
Future research should not only compare
how embryonic stem
cells, iPS
cells and adult stem
cells differentiate, but focus on what effects the niche in which these
cells will reside, when
transplanted, will have on their characteristics, including tendencies to mutate into cancer
cells, notes
cell and stem
cell biologist Olga Genbacev at the University of California, San Francisco, (U.C.S.F.) School of Medicine.
By measuring the signal returned from the
transplant locations, she was able to determine
how many of the
cells survived.
The mini-brain lasts about a month and it could be used to study a range of challenges in neuroscience including
transplanting nerve
cells that could help treat Parkinson's disease and studies on
how adult nerve stem
cells develop.
Coffin described
how lab workers there had
transplanted human prostate tumor
cells into an immune - deficient lab mouse, a common procedure for procuring a colony of
cells, or a human
cell line, for further study.
More recently, physicians have learned
how to harvest blood - forming stem
cells from a donor's blood and
transplant them into a patient, sidestepping the need for an operating room and a needle stick into the pelvis to extract bone marrow.
However, a new study published in
Cell Reports provides clues about
how the dose of
transplanted bone marrow might affect patients undergoing this risky procedure, frequently used to treat cancer and blood diseases.
«The dose of
transplanted bone marrow has strong and lasting effects on
how HSCs specialize and coordinate their behavior,» said Rong Lu, senior author and assistant professor of stem
cell biology and regenerative medicine.
They have learned
how to turn on and off essential genes and
how to transform embryonic stem
cells into retinal
cells, which can be
transplanted into mice to restore vision.
To investigate
how zebrafish tails take shape, Thisse's team removed some of the presumed pre-tail
cells from early - stage embryos, then
transplanted them into the middle of another embryo.
To tap embryonic stem
cells» therapeutic potential, researchers must learn
how to coax them to become a specific type of
cell that can then be
transplanted into the body.
Transplants of neural stem
cells might be used to treat brain injuries, but
how to get them to the right location?
But a deeper understanding of
how Jagged regulates duct
cell formation in livers could shape strategies to help fix these structures to potentially spare the 10 to 30 percent of patients that eventually need a liver
transplant.»
One important line of our work has revealed mechanisms
how hematopoietic stem
cells can generate more myeloid
cells to protect
transplant recipients from lethal infections.
But they said their findings would help scientists to better understand
how stem
cells behaved when they were
transplanted into the body.
\ n \ n «It?s still not clear
how the
cells sense shear stress, and researchers are trying to unravel the chain of events between mechanical force and stem
cell production in order to manipulate the process to make blood stem
cells for
transplant.»
Additionally, this technology could provide a novel research model by which we
transplant cells in vivo to study a disease and its progression from the onset, as well as directly test
how effective new therapies are.»
Our physicians and scientists are working on a number of initiatives, including collecting blood and bone marrow from patients to better understand the causes of bone marrow failure syndromes and MDS; exploring possible genetic factors that guide medical care; collecting blood and bone marrow to identify specific proteins that are faulty and
how these defects relate to clinical complications and outcomes; and clinical trials to improve stem
cell transplants for disorders such as dyskeratosis congenita.
Goldman says we are now developing a better understanding of
how cell transplants might work (but we're not ready for new trials yet).
Replacing brain
cells using stem
cells from embryos was tried before but didn't work well, probably because we didn't understand
how to look after the
cells, nurture them to become neurons and get them to make the right connections when
transplanted into HD brain.
One study presented in the journal — from a group led by Patrick Singleton, PhD, assistant professor of medicine at the University of Chicago Medicine — shows
how opioids already present in the body can enhance the malignant tendencies of human lung cancer
cells transplanted into mice, even without the addition of morphine.
This study is exploring
how to improve bone marrow
transplant procedures so the body better accepts donor stem
cells.