Sentences with phrase «human cell biology»
These projects explore the consequences of genome variation on human cell biology, and thus gene function in health and disease.
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Whatever their origin, the genetic changes raise questions over the widespread use of HeLa cells as models for human cell biology, Steinmetz says.
Not exact matches
By treating biology as software and reprogramming cells to treat diseases and other ailments, humans have already made tremendous progress in medicine, Kurzweil said Sunday.
As we read this history, the furor over stem cells was fueled by numerous factors: the near - universal human desire for magic; patients» desperation in the face of illness and their hope for cures; the belief that biology can now do anything; the reluctance of scientists to accept any limits (particularly moral limits) on their research; the impact of big money from biotech stocks, patents, and federal funding; the willingness of America's elite class to use every means possible to discredit religion in general; and the need to protect the unlimited abortion license by accepting no protections of unborn human life.
The Cell Lab at the Science Museum of Minnesota allows kids from kindergarten to 12th grade to play science detectives while introducing them to human physiology, genetics and cell biolCell Lab at the Science Museum of Minnesota allows kids from kindergarten to 12th grade to play science detectives while introducing them to human physiology, genetics and cell biolcell biology.
A research team led by scientists from Brigham and Women's Hospital has developed a novel technology platform that enables the continuous and automated monitoring of so - called «organs - on - chips» — tiny devices that incorporate living cells to mimic the biology of bona fide human organs.
What we are trying to do is introduce to biology techniques normally used in chemistry or physics, using inherent chemical or structural properties of the human stem cells.
«We feel it's critical that the scientific community consider the potential hazards of all off - target mutations caused by CRISPR, including single nucleotide mutations and mutations in non-coding regions of the genome,» says co-author Stephen Tsang, MD, PhD, the Laszlo T. Bito Associate Professor of Ophthalmology and associate professor of pathology and cell biology at Columbia University Medical Center, and in Columbia's Institute of Genomic Medicine and the Institute of Human Nutrition.
Some of the researchers at the centre will study the differentiation of stem cells into other cell types, one group by using human embryonic stem cell biology and another by studying early embryo development.
Since the completion of the Human Genome Project in 2003, scientists have expanded their knowledge of how living cells work with new approaches including genomics, proteomics, and systems biology.
John Glass, a senior microbiologist in the synthetic biology group at the J. Craig Venter Institute in Rockville, Maryland, puts it this way: If you can imagine a set of genes that will program a cell to do something — anything — then you can make them «at a reasonable cost and test your hypothesis... so it will be possible to attempt to design organisms that have extraordinary properties to solve human needs.»
Kilian said his team's synthetic microenvironment lies somewhere in the middle of two extremes in the field of modeling biology: the hard plastic plate, and expensive mouse avatars that are created by injecting human tumor cells into mice.
Similar to the naturally occurring effects of TET2 mutations in mice or humans, using molecular biology techniques to turn off TET2 in mice caused abnormal stem cell behavior.
To fully realize the field's clinical potential, the tissue engineers of the future must possess «a broad understanding of basic sciences (including biology, chemistry, and physics) and a sophisticated understanding of human pathophysiology, stem cell biology, and tissue mechanics.»
«In our human airway epithelial model system, one of the drugs destabilizes and deactivates the protein that the other drug tries to correct,» said Martina Gentzsch, PhD, an assistant professor of cell biology and physiology and senior author of the UNC Science Translational Medicine paper.
«Studying human islet cells has been a major challenge in the field of diabetes research for decades because the pancreas essentially digests itself shortly after a person's death,» said professor of developmental biology Seung Kim, MD, PhD.
«Our work could lead not only to a better understanding of the biology of the optic nerve, but also to a cell - based human model that could be used to discover drugs that stop or treat blinding conditions,» says study leader Donald Zack, M.D., Ph.D., the Guerrieri Family Professor of Ophthalmology at the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine.
Biology, microbiology / human genetics, medicinal chemistry, mechanical engineering / robotics, molecular & cell biology, computer science
In a report that appears in PLOS BIOLOGY, Dr. Hugo Bellen and his colleagues at Baylor College of Medicine and the Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute at Texas Children's Hospital and BCM, and Dr. Chao Tong, at the Life Sciences Institute and Innovation Center for Cell Biology, Zhejiang University in Hangzhou, China, find that mutations of human homologs (genes that carry out similar functions) of cacophony and its partner straightjacket (Cacna1a and Cacna2d2 respectively) cause defects in autophagy in neurons.
«This is an important and fundamental paper for understanding human germ - line cells and finding the basic information about human germ - cell biology,» says reproductive biologist Evelyn Telfer of the University of Edinburgh, UK.
The study, «VlincRNAs controlled by retroviral elements are a hallmark of pluripotency and cancer» found that novel non-coding parts of the human genome known as vlincRNAs (very long intergenic, non-coding RNAs) triggered by ancient viruses, participate in the biology of stem cells, and in the development of cancer.
A wide variety of conditions that affect human adults, with the notable exception of cancer and infections, could be aided if we could stimulate regeneration, argues Mark T. Keating, a professor of cell biology at Harvard Medical School.
The results suggest that drugs capable of targeting similar molecular pathways in human fat cells could one day become major tools for fighting the growing worldwide epidemics of obesity and type 2 diabetes, according to senior investigator Shingo Kajimura, PhD, an assistant professor of cell and tissue biology in UCSF's School of Dentistry.
However, little is known in humans about the biology of CD4 - CTL generation, their functional properties, and heterogeneity, especially in relation to other well - described CD4 + memory T cell subsets.
«We found many examples in which an entire species should have a serious genetic ailment, but instead were healthy,» said Nicholas Katsanis, Ph.D., director of the Center for Human Disease Modeling and professor cell biology and pediatrics at Duke.
Alternative cell lines, such as induced pluripotent stem cells generated from patient skin cells, offer a more accurate window on human biology, he says.
The study was published in the leading molecular biology journal Molecular Cell and opens the door to further studies exploring new therapies for human polyglutamine repeat diseases.
The budding yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, is a prime organism for studying fundamental cellular processes, with the functions of many proteins important in the cell cycle and signaling networks found in human biology having first been discovered in yeast.
«We think that for the first time, we have a mouse model of anorexia that closely resembles the conditions leading up to the disease in humans,» said study leader Lori Zeltser, PhD, associate professor of pathology & cell biology and a researcher in the Naomi Berrie Diabetes Center.
James Christiansen, professor of biology at Drake University in DesMoines, is studying how telomeres, the simple, non-genetic DNAsequences that sheathe the ends of chromosomes, function in reptiles.Each time a healthy human cell divides, it loses a little bit of thetelomere, until the strands are too short to protect the chromosomes.At that point the DNA in a cell begins to break down, which triggerssenescence and death.
«Making the movements of HIV visible so that we can follow, in real time, how surface proteins on the virus behave will hopefully tell us what we need to know to prevent fusion with human cells — if you can prevent viral entry of HIV into immune cells, you have won,» says Dr. Blanchard, who is also associate director of Weill Cornell's chemical biology program.
There are these greenfield areas like the human brain, systems biology, understanding how cells work internally, and how the proteins interact inside the cell.
But while we have decades of data in mice about these nervous system support cells, how relevant those experiments are to human biology (and the success of potential therapies) has been an open question.
The study was led by Guoping Fan, professor of human genetics and molecular biology and member of both the Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center and the Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research.
The researchers investigated the underlying biology and found that lansoprazole kills the bacterium after the human cells convert it into a sulfur - containing metabolite.
«While genetic modification of crops can introduce new beneficial traits into existing crops, the resulting products need to be tested for long - term health effects before making assumptions about their impact on human health,» said senior investigator Frances Sladek, a professor of cell biology and neuroscience at UC Riverside.
«We would argue that whatever happens in the human body is going to be quite efficient, quite rapid,» said University of Illinois cell and developmental biology professor Fei Wang, who led the study with visiting scholar Qiuhao Qu and materials science and engineering professor Jianjun Cheng.
Doudna, professor of chemistry and of cell and molecular biology at Berkeley, and an HHMI investigator, said that the research is a significant step forward in bringing the power of CRISPR / Cas9 editing to human biology and medicine.
Systems Biology and Genomics, including systems neurobiology, quantitative cell biology, cellular dynamics, algorithms, methods and technology development, data integration and visualization, imaging, synthetic biology, deep learning applied to biology and human health, and single cell biology.
«If confirmed in humans, our study could greatly impact how people view exposure to environmental tobacco toxins,» said Manuela Martins - Green, a professor of cell biology and neuroscience at UC Riverside and the lead author of the study.
«Stem cell biology has become one of the most exciting and promising areas of research, with real impact on how we treat human disease,» said Gladstone President R. Sanders Williams, MD. «With its meetings and journals, ISSCR has developed a significant role in communicating and promoting groundbreaking advances in the field.
to stimulate emerging interactions between human genetics and stem cell biology that will lead to a more personalized medicine.
«It's probably the single most common gene fusion in human cancer,» said study co-leader Antonio Iavarone, MD, professor of neurology and of pathology and cell biology (in the Institute for Cancer Genetics) at CUMC.
«These fluorescence microscopy studies establish that the zinc spark occurs in human egg biology, and that can be observed outside of the cell,» said Professor Tom O'Halloran, a co-senior author and director of Northwestern University's Chemistry of Life Processes Institute, of a study that appeared in Scientific Reports.
Protein interactions between viruses and cells can illuminate common weak points in human biology and reveal potential new targets for antiviral treatments
The field of stem cell biology has made major and continuing progress over the last few years towards achieving its much heralded aim of impacting human health.
To develop protocols for production of transplantable mesDA and striatal GABAergic progenitors from human ES and NS cell lines, building on recent developments in stem cell biology;
February 2010 - Italian stem cell scientists challenge goverment EuroSyStem scientist Elena Cattaneo challenges Italian government - the story continues In the summer of 2009, three Italian stem celli scientists unsuccessfully challenged their government in the courts over its decision to exclude human embryonic stem cell research from a ministerial funding call for projects on stem cell biology.
mRNA is a fundamental component of human biology, giving cells the instructions they need to make proteins that carry out every function of the body.
INGESTEM, the national infrastructure in biology and health certified by the «Investissements d'Avenir» program and the Ile - de-France Region (DIM Biothérapies), is the first French network of therapeutic innovations based on pluripotent stem cells, human tissue engineering and their biomedical applications.