The phrase
"human gut" refers to the digestive system in our body, specifically the long tube that starts from our mouth and ends at our anus. It helps break down the food we eat and helps absorb nutrients.
Full definition
Even in the well - studied
human gut microbiome, it was estimated, on average, 43 % of species abundance could not be captured by available microbial reference analysis methods.
Previous studies have shown links between
human gut bacteria and increased risk of a wide variety of diseases including diabetes, autism, heart disease, and even some forms of cancer.
Over the last five years a ton of research has been performed
on human gut flora and its importance to overall health.
Last year, researchers found that replacing the bacteria in mouse intestines with
human gut flora decreased the amount of fat absorbed by the gut.
The diversity was restored with another dose of the
original human gut bacteria, delivered by fecal transplant.
The mice, raised with no natural bacteria of their own, all received a fecal transplant of the same
donor human gut bacteria.
... but the good news is that
human gut flora is resilient and it's actually fairly easy to repair the damage if you have the right strategies and knowledge.
«Reduction in dietary diversity impacts richness
of human gut microbiota: Dietary diversity necessary for a healthy gastrointestinal microbiome.»
Methodology challenges in studying
human gut microbiota — effects of collection, storage, DNA extraction and next generation sequencing technologies — Marina Panek — Scientific Reports
«Collinsella provencensis» sp. nov., «Parabacteroides bouchesdurhonensis» sp. nov., and «Sutterella seckii» sp. nov., three new bacterial species identified
from human gut microbiota — Niokhor Dione — New Microbes and New Infections
Ellagic acid metabolism
by human gut microbiota: consistent observation of three urolithin phenotypes in intervention trials, independent of food source, age, and health status.
The detection of several strains of Treponema in the Matses suggests this type of bacteria has been present in
human guts for a long time, because it was also found in the GI tracts of the Hadza hunter - gatherers in Tanzania and in nonhuman primates.
Now it seems that increasing levels of one type of
human gut microbe can help people shed excess weight.
While
normal human gut flora doesn't ferment erythritol, unabsorbed erythritol in the small intestine can cause a problem for people with small intestine bacterial overgrowth.
Researchers report that
human guts harbor viruses as unique as the people they inhabit; the viral lineup differs even between identical twins.
For us, however, watching the Millennium Falcon hyperjump across the big screen will bring only one question to mind: how would all of this interplanetary space travel
affect human gut flora?
Using a «gnotobiotic mouse model» — where mice were «colonized with a
synthetic human gut microbiota composed of fully sequenced commensal bacteria» — Desai et al reported on the effects of different diets with different fibre content.
March is optimistic that the lactobacilli will also work in humans because, when he exposed lab cultures of healthy
human gut cells to the bacteria, they turned into insulin - making cells too.
This, along with other analyses to rule out confounding factors like genetics, geography and antibiotic usage, suggested a simple explanation for why the captive primate guts looked more
like human guts on the inside — they weren't eating enough plants.
Researchers have found
human gut bugs such as Escherichia coli in ape droppings — not surprising, as these bacteria persist in the environment, where eco-tourists with diarrhoea deposit them.
Market Integration
Predicts Human Gut Microbiome Attributes across a Gradient of Economic Development — Keaton Stagaman, mSystems
One postdoc presents data on her efforts to develop an organoid model for small - cell lung cancer; another reports progress on culturing hormone - secreting organoids from
human gut tissue.
Not only did captive monkeys lose most of their natural wild gut bacteria, but they very consistently all acquired the same new and less diverse set of bacteria — the same bacteria living in our own
modern human guts.
This behavior is one of the few clear - cut examples of diet manipulation by parasites and may have implications to human health in that there may be a similar, albeit still undiscovered, manipulative power in
human gut parasites, they note.
The researchers modified an ordinary laboratory strain of the
ubiquitous human gut microbe Escherichia coli, enabling the bacteria to not only record their interactions with the environment but also time - stamp the events.
Differential human gut microbiome assemblages during soil - transmitted helminth infections in Indonesia and Liberia — Bruce A. Rosa, Microbiome
After the US government shutdown, today's Digest features
several human gut microbiome, food microbiology papers and many news pieces.
Drs. Sempel and Seneff point out that
indispensable human gut bacteria do, in fact, possess the shikimate pathway, and are thereby susceptible to harm from glyphosate.
Studies have shown that vitamin B12 can help improve digestion by contributing to the «structure and function of
human gut microbial communities» (21.)
The new paper, titled «Using Machine Learning to Identify Major Shifts
in Human Gut Microbiome Protein Family Abundance in Disease,» was presented last month at the IEEE International Conference on Big Data.
For their experiments, the team collected 53 common bacterial species
from human guts and seeded them in sterile mouse guts, one microbe at a time.
Infection and Microbiome: Impact of Tuberculosis
on Human Gut Microbiome of Indian Cohort — Utkarsh Sood — Indian Journal of Microbiology
Human Gut Bacterial Communities Are Altered by Addition of Cruciferous Vegetables to a Controlled Fruit - and Vegetable - Free Diet.
They detected more than 1,600 different enzymes capable of degrading carbohydrates — similar to the complexity in the
normal human gut.
Using Machine Learning to Identify Major Shifts in
Human Gut Microbiome Protein Family Abundance in Disease
Using a «gnotobiotic mouse model» — where mice were «colonized with a
synthetic human gut microbiota composed of fully sequenced commensal bacteria» — Desai et al reported on the effects of different diets with different fibre content.
E Le Chatelier et al., «Richness
of human gut microbiome correlates with metabolic markers,» Nature 29, no 500 (2013): 541 - 6.
Many microbes, such as
human gut bacteria and some disease - causing bacteria, have genes similar to the cyanobacterial clock genes.