Sentences with phrase «human gut microbe»

Structural and functional characterization of BaiA, an enzyme involved in secondary bile acid synthesis in human gut microbe.

The researchers modified an ordinary laboratory strain of the ubiquitous human gut microbe Escherichia coli, enabling the bacteria to not only record their interactions with the environment but also time - stamp the events.

Now it seems that increasing levels of one type of human gut microbe can help people shed excess weight.

Non-microbicidal small molecule inhibition of polysaccharide metabolism in human gut microbes: a potential therapeutic avenue — Anthony D. Santilli — ACS Chemical Biology

Not exact matches

How do the microbes within cheese interact with the natural microbiota of the human gut and can cheese be used to assist in maintaining a healthy gut microbiota?

The researchers used specially born and raised mice having no gut microbes of their own, that then receive a transplant of 14 bacteria that normally grow in the human gut.

The team found that the microbes lurking on the forearm, palm, index finger, back of the knee and sole of the foot were often more diverse than those in the gut, «traditionally considered to be very diverse», says David Relman, who researches human microbial ecology at Stanford University in California but was not involved in the research.

The advance, reported in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS) journal, for the first time allows scientists to analyze how normal gut microbes and pathogenic bacteria contribute to immune responses, and to investigate IBD mechanisms in a controlled model that recapitulates human intestinal physiology.

Similarly, jet lag in two humans who had traveled from the United States to Israel changed the composition of gut microbes, favoring the growth of bacteria that have been linked to obesity and metabolic disease.

In this latest advance reported in PNAS, the Wyss team showed that the human gut - on - a-chip's unique ability to co-culture intestinal cells with living microbes from the normal gut microbiome for an extended period of time, up to two weeks, could allow breakthrough insights into how the microbial communities that flourish inside our GI tracts contribute to human health and disease.

A study published by Cell Press October 16th in Cell now reveals that gut microbes in mice and humans have circadian rhythms that are controlled by the biological clock of the host in which they reside.

Urbanized spaces seemed to uniquely increase the amount of human - associated microbes, in particular human mouth and gut bacteria from the Streptococcaceae and Lactobacillaceae families.

The U.S. - based Human Microbiome Project used genomic analysis to I.D. microbes in the noses, gums, tonsils, genital tracts and guts of more than 200 Americans.

Two studies — one in mice and the other in human subjects — offer the first definitive evidence that exercise alone can change the composition of microbes in the gut.

By chemically removing the gut microbiome in zebrafish in the lab and then repopulating the gut with two to three bacterial species, University of Oregon biologist Karen Guillemin has shown that certain microbes are especially skilled at suppressing the host immune system and preventing inflammation — a discovery she thinks may have implications for human health.

Human milk's most important role could be preventing infant disease and boosting immunity by cultivating a balance of microbes in the gut and the rest of the body, a kind of internal ecosystem called the microbiome.

And perhaps surprisingly, these molecules are not produced by human cells, but by a person's gut microbes as they process food in the diet.

(Gut bacteria are part of the microbiome, the larger community of microbes that exist in and on the human body.)

«The new model enables studies of the complex interactions between host cells, mucus production, and gut microbes in a system that closely mimics the situation in human patients,» Dawson said.

Bonobos, chimps, gorillas and humans have all evolved their own gut microbes based on an ancestral gut flora in our most recent common ancestor.

By comparing how gut microbes from human vegetarians and grass - grazing baboons digest different diets, researchers have shown that ancestral human diets, so called «paleo» diets, did not necessarily result in better appetite suppression.

Much like humans, whose guts and skin are teeming with microbes, the soil below plants and trees contains a unique cornucopia of microscopic creatures that help the tree take in nutrients and water.

Yet in captivity, they all lost their distinctive microbes and ended up being dominated by the same bacteria that dominate our human guts — species of Bacteroides and Prevotella.

Collective unconscious: How gut microbes shape human behavior.

When they compared S. typhimurium's 4300 genes to those of eight other gut - wrenching microbes, including ones that infect birds or reptiles and not humans, they found about 350 genes unique to the microbes that infect warm - blooded organisms.

The whipworm lives in the human gut, mooching microbes from its host to build its own microbiome.

Warinner and colleague, Cecil M. Lewis, Jr., co-direct OU's Laboratories of Molecular Anthropology and Microbiome Research and the research focused on reconstructing the ancestral human oral and gut microbiome, addressing questions concerning how the relationship between humans and microbes has changed through time and how our microbiomes influence health and disease in diverse populations, both today and in the past.

Most of the genes in the human body do not come from human cells but are found within the trillions of microbes that live on or within the human body, particularly in the gut.

«Search for better biofuels microbes leads to human gut.»

In a study out this week in mSphere, they report that breastfeeding babies who received a three - week course of a probiotic that consumes human milk still had colonies of those beneficial gut microbes 30 days after the end of probiotic treatment.

Scientists have scoured cow rumens and termite guts for microbes that can efficiently break down plant cell walls for the production of next - generation biofuels, but some of the best microbial candidates actually may reside in the human lower intestine, researchers report.

The gut microbiome is the population of microbes living within the human intestine, consisting of tens of trillions of microorganisms (including at least 1,000 different species of known bacteria).

Gut bacteria that make up the gastrointestinal microbiome play an important role in the metabolism of most chemicals humans ingest, motivating studies of microbe - driven breakdown of clinically important drugs.

«We found that when you perturb gut microbes early in life among mice and then stop the antibiotics, the microbes normalize but the effects on host metabolism are permanent,» says senior author Martin Blaser, MD, the Muriel G. and George W. Singer Professor of Translational Medicine, director of the NYU Human Microbiome Program, and professor of microbiology at NYU School of Medicine.

Studies of the pandas» poop show that their gut microbes break down bamboo efficiently — a trick that humans could co-opt to turn woody plant material into alternative energy sources.

But bacteria in the animals» gut can also transfer the resistance genes to microbes harmful to humans.

In recent years, scientists have become aware of the important role of microbes existing inside the human gastrointestinal tract, called the gut microbiome.

MICROBE MECCA About a thousand species of bacteria reside in the human gut, some of which are displayed in this hand - colored scanning electron micrograph.

Many animals, including humans, can't live healthy lives without the microbes in their guts.

Microbes in the human gut, for instance, have been implicated in regulating immune function, obesity, mood and cognitive function — but the complex chemical and neural signals that mediate these effects are largely unknown.

Of special note today: gut microbiota species expressing orthologs of human Ro60 might be involved in triggering and sustaining chronic autoimmunity in lupus; The portal vein blood microbiome in patients with liver cirrhosis; A randomized clinical study suggests dietary promotion of short chain fatty acid producing gut microbes as an effective treatment for type 2 diabetes; and the sexual dimorphism of root, flower and leaf microbiomes in the wild strawberry plant

The 100 trillion microbes in the human gut — which vastly outnumber the «human» cells in our bodies — are critical to our health and development.

In a study published as a letter to the journal Gut, the team outline new evidence suggesting that the human genome may play a role in determining the makeup of the billions of microbes in the human gastrointestinal tract collectively known as the gut microbioGut, the team outline new evidence suggesting that the human genome may play a role in determining the makeup of the billions of microbes in the human gastrointestinal tract collectively known as the gut microbiogut microbiota.

BACTERIA AND OTHER MICROBES interact in diverse populations everywhere from the human gut to the oceans.

«Collinsella provencensis» sp. nov., «Parabacteroides bouchesdurhonensis» sp. nov., and «Sutterella seckii» sp. nov., three new bacterial species identified from human gut microbiota — Niokhor Dione — New Microbes and New Infections

A high resolution image of the bacteria, Entercoccus faecalis, a microbe that lives in the human gut, is available in color at www.genome.gov/dmd/img.cfm?node=Photos/Microorganisms&id=79092, or in black and white at www.genome.gov/dmd/img.cfm?node=Photos/Microorganisms&id=79093.

At PNNL, she leads research into the microbiome, a term for the collective communities of microbes that reside in many environmental niches, including the human gut and soil.

Bacterial growth, flow, and mixing shape human gut microbiota density and composition — Markus Arnoldini — Gut Microgut microbiota density and composition — Markus Arnoldini — Gut MicroGut Microbes

Our laboratory is focused on identifying molecular mechanisms by gut microbe - derived metabolites promote human liver disease including both non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and alcoholic liver disease (ALD).

As recent advances in scientific understanding of Parkinson's disease and cancer immunotherapy have shown, our gut microbiomes — the trillions of bacteria, viruses and other microbes that live within us — are emerging as one of the richest untapped sources of insight into human health.