Sentences with phrase «human immune system responses»

In 1972, while studying human immune system responses, Dr. Steinman and his mentor, the late Dr. Zanvil Cohn, discovered and named dendritic cells.

Not exact matches

Working with the Tulane National Primate Center in Louisiana, Friedman and his group showed that the trivalent vaccine — given three times at monthly intervals — induced a strong immune response in macaque monkeys, whose immune system closely resembles the human version.

The authors said that this result suggests that the reason bacterial numbers are so high in these mice, and, by extension, human LAD patients, is not because of a defect in the immune system's surveillance mechanism but because of the inflammation caused by the immune system's abnormal response to normal levels of bacteria in the gums.

«In that paper, we found a common response by the human immune system to multiple viruses that is distinct from that for bacterial infections.

This response was blocked by a drug that inhibits the complement system, a part of the non-specific immune system present in human blood.

Plant immune systems, like those of humans and animals, face a difficult balancing act: they must mount responses against ever - evolving pathogens, but they must not overdo it.

In addition to the various possible human actions to combat fly infestation, Clayton says it is possible «there will be a rapid evolutionary response by the birds, and their immune systems would rapidly develop the ability to combat the fly.

Looking across evolutionary time and the genomic landscapes of humans and mice, an international group of researchers has found powerful clues to why certain processes and systems in the mouse — such as the immune system, metabolism and stress response — are so different from those in people.

The HLA (human leukocyte antigen) is a system of genes responsible for regulating immune responses, and peptides are short chains of amino acids that play key roles in regulating the activities of other molecules.

For example, investigators found that for the mouse immune system, metabolic processes and stress response, the activity of some genes varied between mice and humans, which echoes earlier research.

Unlike other mice used to study the virus, the Hopkins mice have completely intact immune systems more similar to humans, which enable researchers to see all that is involved in mounting an immune response.

Hypothesis driven approaches to vaccinology can utilise the knowledge gained from mechanistic mouse models and our molecular understanding of intrinsic defects to human cells.5 However, caution is required when extrapolating data from murine models, as there are substantial differences between immune ageing in mice and humans.6 Nevertheless, model systems and ex vivo analyses of molecular alterations in aged human cells have identified multiple changes in the vaccination response with age and the aged immune system in general.

In the paper, the researchers conducted blood tests on a few dozen people and found that the presence of pre-existing adaptive immune responses in humans to either Cas9 homolog «may hinder the safe and efficacious use of the Cas9 / gRNA system to treat disease, and may even result in significant toxicity to patients.»

For understanding the biology of gene - gene, gene - drug and gene - microenvironment interactions, a considerably broader range of in vitro and in vivo model systems is required — we are generating 1,000 organoid cultures from human cancers, characterising their genomes, functional dependencies and drug response, and we are expanding our in vivo models to study the interface between cancer and the immune system and microenvironment.

Fascinated by the efficient way the human immune system generates a rapid response to create a near - infinite variety of antibodies, researchers have «hijacked» that machinery and used it to evolve a...

He teamed with Dr. Janeway in the search for the gene in the innate immune system that activates the adaptive system — to address the questions, how does the human body know when it has an infection, and how does a microbial infection trigger an immune response?

Scientists are now equipped with a more detailed picture of the human immune system's response to influenza vaccination, thanks to the results of a new investigation.

«In humans MAIT cells are unique in that they are borne to make gamma interferon, which could help skew the immune system toward an asthma - protective Th1 immune response.

Using gene - targeted mice and human cells that lack specific components of the immune system, a better understanding of the immune response to DENV and ZIKV is critical for developing much - needed vaccines and antivirals.

LA JOLLA — When a receptor on the surface of a T cell — a sentry of the human immune system — senses a single particle from a harmful intruder, it immediately kicks the cell into action, launching a larger immune response.

BSI member Professor Michael Dustin, explains, «While an overwhelming T - cell response might on the face of it sound effective, it brings risks of immunopathology, where an over-active immune system destroys healthy human tissue, not just the invading disease - causing pathogen.

Furthermore, saturated fat has been shown to have numerous positive effects on health, such as improving liver health by encouraging the liver cells to get rid of their fat cells, improving the immune system's response by helping white blood cells to recognize and destroy invaders more effectively, enabling the absorption of fat - soluble vitamins by acting as their carriers, as well as improving hormonal activity by providing the building blocks for a variety of hormones that are essential to human health.

For, to me, it leads us to the powerfully positive message that, by following the allostatic load guidelines that suggest we take the approach of both reducing cumulative environmental load and optimizing allostatic response mechanisms that revolve around hormones such as cortisol, epinephrine, and insulin plus the cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, detoxification, and immune systems, we can make major inroads in reducing human suffering.

Similarly to the human system, IBD in dogs may also be associated with aberrant innate immune responses towards commensal enteric bacteria.