A new role for
the human placenta as a hematopoietic site throughout gestation.
«Essentially, we are using
the human placenta as a model to identify genes that play a key role in invasion in both the placenta and cancer,» wrote Chi Sutherland, a Ph.D. candidate leading the project, in an email.
That said, every major TCM textbook lists
human placenta as a «herb.»
Not exact matches
In western medicine the
human placenta is usually regarded
as nothing more than
human waste.
Rather than just being a passive bridge between you and your baby, the
placenta also produces hormones and signaling molecules, such
as human placental lactogen (HPL), relaxin, oxytocin, progesterone and estrogen, which are necessary for both of you during pregnancy.
Researchers at the University of Pittsburgh and Magee - Womens Research Institute (MWRI) have devised a cell - based model of the
human placenta that could help explain how pathogens that cause birth defects, such
as Zika virus, cross from mother to unborn child.
They found methylation defects on several
human genes in the cord blood and
placentas of ART embryos, suggesting that a similar effect might be occurring in
humans as well.
Digging deeper, the researchers discovered that this pregnancy - like state was being caused by the
human growth hormone, explains Professor Schuit: «In mice, the
human growth hormone has the same effect
as hormones that are produced by the
placenta in pregnant mice.
Naïve stem cells are blank slates that form the basis for not only all the cells of the
human body, but cells that make up the
placenta to support an embryo
as well.
«This will add a new dimension to research into «liquid biopsies» and facilitate the clinical use of extracellular vesicles to inform the physiology and health of organs that are hard to access, such
as the
placenta during
human pregnancy,» said Yoel Sadovsky, director of the Magee - Womens Research Institute at the University of Pittsburgh.
Figure 1: The blastocyst is a hollow sphere made of approximately 150 cells and contains three distinct areas: the trophoblast, which is the surrounding outer layer that contains the trophoblast stem cells and later becomes the
placenta, the blastocoel, which is a fluid - filled cavity within the blastocyst, and the inner cell mass, also known
as the embryoblast, which can become the embryo proper, or fetus, and is where
human embryonic stem cells are isolated from.
Human amniotic membrane (AM), the innermost layer of the
placenta is the most common substrate used for both in vitro cultures and
as a vehicle for transfer of cells during transplantation, due to its structural similarities to the ocular surface,
as well
as its biological and functional properties.
Aseptically recover
human tissue for transplant and medical research that includes musculoskeletal tissues, skin, cardiovascular tissues, corneas,
placentas and other tissues or organs performing
as team leader and coordinator.