Sentences with phrase «human viruses emerge»

Researchers are trying to pin down the origins of both HIVs to understand how often new human viruses emerge.

Not exact matches

An international team of influenza researchers in China, the United Kingdom and the United States has used genetic sequencing to trace the source and evolution of the avian H7N9 influenza virus that emerged in humans in China earlier this year.

Ebola virus causes severe hemorrhagic fever in humans and nonhuman primates with high mortality rates and continues to emerge in new geographic locations, including West Africa, the site of the largest outbreak to date.

The virus «emerges» when human activity, such as habitat destruction, causes host - human contact.

Haddow, who studies how pathogens survive in the jungle and emerge when humans encroach, had a great personal interest in Zika: His grandfather, Alexander Haddow, was one of three scientists who had isolated the virus from a rhesus monkey in the Zika Forest near Entebbe, Uganda, in 1947 and described it in a paper in 1952.

So H1N1 in itself is a, you know, broad category of viruses that circulate in humans, even now; they are not as fearsome as the original strain when it first emerged.

A new study has found that a novel avian - origin H7N9 influenza A virus, which has recently emerged in humans, attaches moderately or abundantly to the epithelium of both the upper and lower respiratory tracts.

«These characteristics fit with increased virulence of these emerging avian H7 viruses compared to that of human influenza viruses,» says Dr. Kuiken.

Scientists at Dana - Farber Cancer Institute have identified natural human antibodies against the virus that causes Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS), a step toward developing treatments for the newly emerging and often - fatal disease..

Using virus histochemical analysis, the investigators looked at the pattern of attachment of two genetically engineered emerging H7 viruses (containing the hemagglutinin (HA) of either influenza virus A / Shanghai / 1 / 13 or A / Anhui / 1 / 13) to fixed human respiratory tract tissues and compared the findings to attachment patterns seen with human influenza viruses with high transmissibility but low virulence (seasonal H3N2 and pandemic H1N1) and highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) viruses with low transmissibility and high virulence (H5N1 and H7N7).

«However, the fact that the emerging H7N9 virus has caused infection mainly in individual human cases suggests that it has not acquired all the necessary properties for efficient transmission among humans,» notes Dr. Kuiken.

The report, published in the October issue of The American Journal of Pathology, suggests that the emerging H7N9 virus has the potential to cause a pandemic, since it may transmit efficiently in humans and cause severe pneumonia.

«Our results indicate that based just on the pattern of virus attachment the H7N9 currently emerging in China has the potential both to cause severe pulmonary disease and to be efficiently transmitted among humans,» says Dr. Kuiken.

With the emergence of Ebola virus from bats and hantaviruses from rodents, investigators say identifying the other species infected with HAV provides novel insight into the evolution of HAV and how it spread to humans, and highlights the utility of analyzing animal reservoirs for risk assessment of emerging viruses.

Researchers found 53 existing drugs that may keep the Ebola virus from entering human cells, a key step in the process of infection, according to a study led by researchers at the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai and the National Institutes of Health (NIH), and published today in the Nature Press journal Emerging Microbes and Infections.

We will continue to assess the transmissibility of H5N1 influenza viruses that emerge in nature and pose a continuing threat to human health.»

A new study has found that nearly half of camels in parts of Kenya have been infected by the virus that causes Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) and calls for further research into the role they might play in the transmission of this emerging disease to humans.

Both kill upwards of a third of people infected and, like many viruses, emerged from animals — bats and camels in the case of MERS — after mutating into a form capable of infecting human cells.

HIV, which is thought to have first emerged in humans in the 1930s, is another kind of virus, known as a retrovirus.

More to the point, by genetically stripping dengue virus of its ability to bind 14 -3-3 epsilon, Gack has generated a crippled virus that can elicit a strong human immune response, providing a framework for rational vaccine design against emerging infectious diseases.

Gack says her goal is to continue to unravel molecular mechanisms that might someday yield antiviral vaccines and drugs not only for emerging and re-emerging viruses but also tumor - inducing viruses, such as certain herpesviruses and human papillomaviruses.

Further, a newly emerging African flavivirus, Bagaza virus [18], both causes human illness [4], [19] and infects birds in Africa [20], [21].

As recent advances in scientific understanding of Parkinson's disease and cancer immunotherapy have shown, our gut microbiomes — the trillions of bacteria, viruses and other microbes that live within us — are emerging as one of the richest untapped sources of insight into human health.

The long - time focus of the Simmons lab has been on emerging and reemerging human viruses, from Ebolavirus and SARS - CoV through to the current Zika virus epidemic.

«Since Zika virus has emerged as a global health emergency, most research has focused on the virus and its effects on humans.

A recent estimate suggests over 320,000 mammalian viruses are still to be discovered but haven't yet emerged in humans.

Several interventions have been demonstrated to be effective in reducing the prevalence of behaviors that place adolescents at risk for acquisition of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).1 — 6 These programs have in common a small - group and face - to - face method of delivery, an emphasis on skills development referent to decision making, communication, negotiation and condom use, use of a wide variety of instructional formats and approaches to intervention delivery, and grounding in social learning theory.2 — 6 Despite the encouraging results that accompany these studies with reference to adolescent risk reduction, new challenges have emerged.

Last century, a virus called human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) emerged, and it found a weak spot in our immune system's armor.