Sentences with phrase «hydrogen atoms at»

In nature, the polyunsaturated fatty acids are usually found in the cis form, which means that both hydrogen atoms at the double bond are on the same side.

There are a maximum of two hydrogen atoms at each carbon atom.

According to the team's calculations, a clock with a molecule of two hydrogen atoms at its centre could combine multiple frequencies at once, providing a more accurate probe of possible changes in the electron - proton mass ratio.

It did not find a sudden decrease in the brightness of the light emitted by neutral hydrogen atoms at any point in that period, suggesting that re-ionisation did not occur suddenly.

Not exact matches

Scientists can determine where an individual piece of meat comes from using a technique called isotope analysis, looking at the specific fingerprints of carbon, hydrogen, and nitrogen atoms to see where a cow lived.

Their reaction is created by colliding two plasma balls made of hydrogen atom cores at one million miles per hour.

if you want hydrogen 1 proton, 1 neutron, 1 electron and you have 1 atom of hydrogen; the hard part is it would cost us more energy than we can afford at this point in our technological stage to accomplish such a feat.

Big bang predicts that at 10K kelvin, hydrogen atoms were electrically neutral and gave off a microwave radiation.

Meanwhile, science can characterize the content of deuterium (a hydrogen nucleus with a proton and a neutron) to the usual quality limits by looking at a spectra from 1000 hydrogen atoms.

If we wish to remain true to our assumptions, therefore, we have no choice but to postulate that there is going on everywhere and at all times a continual creation of matter, the appearance of atoms of hydrogen out of nothing.

For example, what must be the nature of physical existents such that the composite, the molecule of water, not only consists of one oxygen atom and two hydrogen atoms, but that they are at a particular distance from each other and in a particular three - dimensional pattern?

Remote observations of hydrogen atoms by NASA's Odyssey spacecraft in 2002 hinted that ice might be locked in the top metre of soil at lower latitudes.

At present, the density of ordinary baryons and radiation in the universe is estimated to be equivalent to about one hydrogen atom per cubic metre of space.

Krissansen - Totton explains in more detail: «Having methane and carbon dioxide together is unusual, because carbon dioxide is carbon's most oxidized state, and methane (composed of a carbon atom linked to four hydrogen atoms rather than any oxygen at all) is its least,» he says.

Alternatively, the water at Cabeus may have been created when hydrogen atoms carried by the solar wind slammed into oxygen - rich materials in the lunar surface.

After all, particle accelerator searches over the last two decades had narrowed the range of possible masses for the Higgs; if it existed at all, it had to weigh in at between 114 billion and 143 billion electron volts or GeV (1 GeV is slightly more than the mass of a hydrogen atom).

Like hydrogen, oxygen, and iodine, nitrogen normally exists as two - atom molecules in the form of a gas at room temperature.

Newman, who as a teen developed a fascination with turbulence as a rafting guide in Colorado, arrived at Oak Ridge in 1993 to explore a different kind of turbulence: the plasma of fusing hydrogen atoms inside experimental fusion reactors.

Looking at Comet ISON's chemical fingerprints — its ratio of carbon dioxide to water, its mix of different kinds of hydrogen atoms, the kind of dust grains it contains — will indicate where it formed 4.56 billion years ago, and thus put the wandering - Jupiter theory to the test.

At this temperature, the pressure in the reactor reaches 34 atmospheres, helping to break down the bonds between the hydrogen and carbon atoms in the polymer chains.

Representing the 6,000 physicists who work on two separate detectors at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC), called CMS and ATLAS, two spokespersons said that both experiments seemed to agree, as both their data sets suggested that the Higgs has a mass close to that of about 125 hydrogen atoms.

Graphene doped with nitrogen and augmented with cobalt atoms has proven to be an effective, durable catalyst for the production of hydrogen from water, according to scientists at Rice University.

Cobalt atoms shine in an electron microscope image of a new catalyst for hydrogen production invented at Rice University.

Their inspiration was a compound with a molecular core consisting of a cube of eight carbon atoms studded with hydrogens, first synthesized in 1964 by Philip Eaton, an organic chemist at the University of Chicago, and his colleagues.

To test this, Laricchia's team fired positronium atoms at 1100 to 4400 kilometres per second into various gases, including hydrogen, krypton and water vapour.

The term saturated means that every available site along each fat molecule's carbon chain is filled with a hydrogen atom; such fats — including butter and animal fat — are solids at room temperature.

Charged particles striking Saturn's upper atmosphere ionize hydrogen atoms and produce infrared radiation, whereas related processes also give off Saturnian auroras at ultraviolet and radio wavelengths.

Now, scientists at UCLA have used a powerful microscope to image the three - dimensional positions of individual atoms to a precision of 19 trillionths of a meter, which is several times smaller than a hydrogen atom.

Scientists are using a pioneering method of «caging» and cooling water molecules to study the change in orientation of the magnetic nuclei at the centre of each hydrogen atom — a process which transforms the molecule from one form of water to another.

Baking that at 750 degrees Celsius (1,382 degrees Fahrenheit) in the presence of nitrogen and hydrogen gas reduced the graphene and locked nitrogen atoms to the surface, providing sites where ruthenium atoms could bind.

But the small telescope may be better at looking even farther into the past than the larger arrays, allowing it to look at hydrogen atoms heated by the very first stars, Bowman says.

Herein we demonstrate that a photoredox - mediated hydrogen atom transfer protocol can efficiently and selectively install deuterium (D) and tritium (T) at α - amino sp3 carbon - hydrogen bonds in a single step, using isotopically labeled water (D2O or T2O) as the source of hydrogen isotope.

But chemists at the University of Copenhagen have discovered a new kind of hydrogen bond that, at first glance, should be impossible: It's composed of two positively charged atoms, one phosphorus and one hydrogen.

Just as the quartz crystal in a Swiss watch keeps time by vibrating at a steady frequency (about 32,000 cycles per second), the maser coaxes a supply of specially selected hydrogen atoms to emit radio waves at an unwavering 1.42 billion cycles per second.

Scientists at the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) have developed a new device that measures the motion of super-tiny particles traversing distances almost unimaginably small — shorter than the diameter of a hydrogen atom, or less than one - millionth the width of a human hair.

Building on a 1981 proposal by three Russian theorists and more recent work that brought that proposal into the realm of possibility, the team first fired two lasers at hydrogen atoms inside a chamber, kicking off electrons at speeds and directions that depended on their underlying wave functions.

At the reaction's end, an atom of hydrogen and an atom of chlorine are left out of each PET molecular junction, resulting in a by - product of hydrogen chloride (HCl) gas.

At the center of the cloud, matter would pile up to densities and temperatures that (scientists later realized) were high enough to allow hydrogen atoms to fuse into helium.

Each cluster consists of hydrogen molecules arranged around a negatively charged hydrogen ion — a single hydrogen atom with an extra electron — at temperatures near absolute zero, the researchers report in the Dec. 30 Physical Review Letters.

Now, by recreating the chemistry of those early gas clouds in the lab, researchers have determined the rate at which hydrogen atoms and negative hydrogen ions combined in the primordial soup.

Now what you actually do is bring particles — in the case of the Large Hadron Collider protons — that is the nucleus of hydrogen atoms and you accelerate particles so that they're moving very, very rapidly, they have a very large energy in their motion; and at the Large Hadron Collider, the LHC, the protons will be accelerated to within a part in the billion of the speed of light.

At that level, even the tiniest atoms — hydrogen and helium — come into view.

To dictate the exact position of their single atom, Michelle Simmons at the University of New South Wales, Australia, and colleagues started by covering a silicon sheet with a layer of hydrogen.

Now, Friedmann and Carl Hagen, a theoretical physicist at U of R in New York, have found a surprisingly easy way to derive the formula using a three - page calculation involving the hydrogen atom.

While observing at the frequency that hydrogen atoms emit radiation, it will be able to image a circle on the sky as wide as about five Full Moons.

He knew he needed to find metals that were deft at breaking the carbon - hydrogen bonds that are at the heart of methane, ethane, and propane, short hydrocarbons known as alkanes, and then add in oxygen atoms that would transform the alkanes into alcohols.

The two clocks, one based on caesium atoms and the other on hydrogen, will communicate with a network of clocks back on Earth to compare performance across continents at a level that is equivalent to 10 trillionths of a second.

An eight - hour experiment using the ALPHA trap at CERN confirmed with 20 times greater precision than before that the charge of the antihydrogen atom — the antimatter counterpart of the hydrogen atom — is zero.

Early in 1969, Snyder and Buhl set up shop at NRAO's Green Bank Telescope in West Virginia and chose their first target: formaldehyde, an organic molecule made up of two hydrogen atoms and an oxygen atom tethered to an atom of carbon.

The team's findings suggest two potential strategies, one aimed at minimizing hydrogen penetration and one at maximizing the ejection of hydrogen atoms that do get in.